Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of spinal cord injury: Mechanisms, current advances and future challenges

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) has considerable impact on patient physical, mental, and financial health. Secondary SCI is associated with inflammation, vascular destruction, subsequent permanent damage to the nervous system. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have anti-inflammatory properties, promoting regeneration release neuro-nutrients, are a promising strategy for treatment of SCI. Preclinical studies shown that MSCs promote sensory motor function recovery in rats. In clinical trials, been reported improve American Injury Association (ASIA) scores. However, effectiveness treating patients remains controversial. tumorigenesis ensuring survival hostile environment challenging. this article we examine evidence pathophysiological changes occurring after We then review underlying mechanisms summarize potential application practice. Finally, highlight challenges surrounding use discuss future applications.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles meet mitochondria: Potential roles in regenerative medicine

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 206, С. 107307 - 107307

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), secreted by most cells, act as natural cell-derived carriers for delivering proteins, nucleic acids, and organelles between cells. Mitochondria are highly dynamic responsible energy production cellular physiological processes. Recent evidence has highlighted the pivotal role of EVs in intercellular mitochondrial content transfer, including DNA (mtDNA), intact mitochondria. Intriguingly, mitochondria crucial mediators release, suggesting an interplay their potential implications physiology pathology. However, this expanding field, much remains unknown regarding function mechanism crosstalk transport EVs. Herein, we shed light on pathological functions mitochondria, mechanisms underlying interactions, delivery mitochondria-rich EVs, clinical applications regenerative medicine.

Язык: Английский

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Innovating intervertebral disc degeneration therapy: Harnessing the power of extracellular vesicles

Journal of Orthopaedic Translation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 50, С. 44 - 55

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Biomaterials delivery strategies to repair spinal cord injury by modulating macrophage phenotypes

Journal of Tissue Engineering, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes tremendous harm to a patient's physical, mental, and financial health. Moreover, recovery of SCI is affected by many factors, inflammation one the most important as it engulfs necrotic tissue cells during early stages injury. However, excessive not conducive damage repair. Macrophages are classified into either blood-derived macrophages or resident microglia based on their origin, effects being two-sided. Microglia first activate recruit at site injury-blood-borne divided pro-inflammatory M1 phenotypes anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Among them, secrete inflammatory factors such interleukin-β (IL-β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) site, which aggravates SCIs. IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, neurotrophic inhibit response neuronal apoptosis. Consequently, modulating phenotypic differentiation appears be meaningful therapeutic target for treatment SCI. Biomaterials widely used in regenerative medicine engineering due targeting bio-histocompatibility. In this review, we describe biomaterials applied modulate macrophage provide an outlook.

Язык: Английский

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Potential Role for Stem Cell Regenerative Therapy as a Treatment for Degenerative Disc Disease and Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(10), С. 8893 - 8893

Опубликована: Май 17, 2023

Back pain is the single leading cause of disability worldwide. Despite prevalence and morbidity lower back pain, we still lack a gold-standard treatment that restores physiological function degenerated intervertebral discs. Recently, stem cells have emerged as promising strategy for regenerative therapy degenerative disc disease. In this study, review etiology, pathogenesis, developing strategies degeneration in low with focus on cell therapies. A systematic search PubMed/MEDLINE/Embase/Clinical Trials.gov databases was conducted all human subject abstracts or studies. There total 10 11 clinical studies (1 RCT) met inclusion criteria. The molecular mechanism, approach, progress different are discussed, including allogenic bone marrow, discogenic cells, autologous adipose mesenchymal (MSCs), umbilical cord MSC, adult juvenile chondrocytes, derived withdrawn Clinical success animal model promising; however, outcomes remain poorly understood. review, found no evidence to support its use humans. Further efficacy, safety, optimal patient selection will establish whether becomes viable, non-invasive therapeutic option pain.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in Purification, Modification, and Application of Extracellular Vesicles for Novel Clinical Treatments

Membranes, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(12), С. 1244 - 1244

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membrane surrounded by a lipid bilayer and include microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, exosomes, exomeres. Exosome-encapsulated microRNAs (miRNAs) released from cancer cells involved in the proliferation metastasis of tumor via angiogenesis. On other hand, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy, which is being employed regenerative medicine owing to ability MSCs differentiate into various cells, due humoral factors, including messenger RNA (mRNA), miRNAs, proteins, lipids, encapsulated exosomes derived transplanted cells. New treatments that advocate cell-free therapy using MSC-derived will significantly improve clinical practice. Therefore, highly purified perform their original functions desirable. In this review, we summarized advances purification, modification, application EVs as novel strategies treat some diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Harnessing Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for the Regeneration of Degenerative Bone Conditions

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер Volume 18, С. 5561 - 5578

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

Abstract: Degenerative bone disorders such as intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), osteoarthritis (OA), and osteoporosis (OP) pose significant health challenges for aging populations lack effective treatment options. The field of regenerative medicine holds promise in addressing these disorders, with a focus on utilizing extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells an innovative therapeutic approach. EVs have shown great potential stimulating biological responses, making them attractive candidate rejuvenating degenerative disorders. However, comprehensive review summarizing the current state this providing clear assessment EV-based therapies is currently deficient. In review, we aim to fill existing gap by outlining knowledge role different types cells, mesenchymal embryonic induced pluripotent regeneration. Furthermore, discuss treatments IVDD, OA, OP. By substantiating use cell-derived EVs, highlight their promising cell-free strategy improve Keywords: nanomedicine, vesicles, regeneration, therapy

Язык: Английский

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Stem cell therapy for degenerative disc disease: Bridging the gap between preclinical promise and clinical potential

Biomolecules and Biomedicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(2), С. 210 - 218

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2023

Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a prevalent complication after general anesthesia and targeting high-risk patients helps in its prevention. This study developed validated machine learning model to predict POST. A total number of 834 who underwent with endotracheal intubation were included this study. Data from cohort 685 was used for development validation, while 149 served external validation. The prediction performance random forest (RF), neural network (NN), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) models compared using comprehensive metrics. Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME) methods elucidated the best-performing model. POST incidences across training, testing cohorts 41.7%, 38.4%, 36.2%, respectively. Five predictors age, sex, tube cuff pressure, insertion depth, time interval between extubation first drinking water extubation. After incorporating these variables, NN demonstrated superior generalization capabilities predicting when XGBoost RF achieving an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) 0.81 (95% CI 0.74-0.89) precision-recall (AUPRC) 0.77 0.66-0.86). also showed good calibration clinical usage values. outperforms POST, potential applications healthcare industry reducing incidence common postoperative complication.

Язык: Английский

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Regulating pyroptosis by mesenchymal stem cells and extracellular vesicles: A promising strategy to alleviate intervertebral disc degeneration

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 170, С. 116001 - 116001

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2023

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a main cause of low back pain (LBP), which can lead to disability and thus generate heavy burden on society. IVDD characterized by decrease in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) endogenous mesenchymal stem (MSCs), degradation the extracellular matrix, macrophage infiltration, blood vessel nerve ingrowth. To date, therapeutic approaches regarding mainly include conservative treatment surgical intervention. However, both only relieve symptoms rather than stop or revert progression IVDD, since pathogenesis not yet clear. Pyroptosis, Caspase family dependence conducted Gasdermin family, newly discovered mode programmed cell death. Pyroptosis has been observed NPCs, annulus fibrosus (AFCs), chondrocytes, MSCs, macrophages, vascular endothelial neurons may contribute IVDD. MSCs are kind pluripotent that be found almost all tissues. have strong ability secrete vesicles (EVs), contain exosomes, microvesicles apoptotic bodies. EVs derived from play an important role pyroptosis regulation could beneficial for alleviating This review focuses clarifying improve MSCs.

Язык: Английский

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The science of exosomes: Understanding their formation, capture, and role in cellular communication

Pathology - Research and Practice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 259, С. 155388 - 155388

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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