Long COVID: major findings, mechanisms and recommendations

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(3), С. 133 - 146

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Persistent complement dysregulation with signs of thromboinflammation in active Long Covid

Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 383(6680)

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2024

Long Covid is a debilitating condition of unknown etiology. We performed multimodal proteomics analyses blood serum from COVID-19 patients followed up to 12 months after confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Analysis >6500 proteins in 268 longitudinal samples revealed dysregulated activation the complement system, an innate immune protection and homeostasis mechanism, individuals experiencing Covid. Thus, active was characterized by terminal system dysregulation ongoing alternative classical pathways, latter associated with increased antibody titers against several herpesviruses possibly stimulating this pathway. Moreover, markers hemolysis, tissue injury, platelet activation, monocyte-platelet aggregates were Machine learning thromboinflammatory as top biomarkers, warranting diagnostic therapeutic interrogation these systems.

Язык: Английский

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Long COVID: pathophysiological factors and abnormalities of coagulation

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 34(6), С. 321 - 344

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2023

Acute COVID-19 infection is followed by prolonged symptoms in approximately one ten cases: known as Long COVID. The disease affects ~65 million individuals worldwide. Many pathophysiological processes appear to underlie COVID, including viral factors (persistence, reactivation, and bacteriophagic action of SARS CoV-2); host (chronic inflammation, metabolic endocrine dysregulation, immune autoimmunity); downstream impacts (tissue damage from the initial infection, tissue hypoxia, dysbiosis, autonomic nervous system dysfunction). These mechanisms culminate long-term persistence disorder characterized a thrombotic endothelialitis, endothelial hyperactivated platelets, fibrinaloid microclots. abnormalities blood vessels coagulation affect every organ represent unifying pathway for various

Язык: Английский

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Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: understanding and addressing the burden of multisystem manifestations

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(8), С. 739 - 754

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2023

Individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection can develop symptoms that persist well beyond the acute phase of COVID-19 or emerge after phase, lasting for weeks months initial illness. The post-acute sequelae COVID-19, which include physical, cognitive, and mental health impairments, are known collectively as long COVID post-COVID-19 condition. substantial burden this multisystem condition is felt at individual, health-care system, socioeconomic levels, on an unprecedented scale. Survivors COVID-19-related critical illness risk respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, chronic illness, these multidimensional morbidities might be difficult to differentiate from specific effects COVID-19. We provide overview manifestations in adults. explore various organ systems, describe potential pathophysiological mechanisms, consider challenges providing clinical care support survivors manifestations. Research needed reduce incidence optimise therapeutic rehabilitative patients.

Язык: Английский

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Long COVID: An inevitable sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 56(1), С. 1 - 9

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2022

At present, there are more than 560 million confirmed cases of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide. Although 98% patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can survive COVID, a significant portion survivors develop residual health problems, which is termed as long COVID. COVID-19 generally associated high risk asymptomatic or mild also show The definition COVID inconsistent and its clinical manifestations protean. In addition to general symptoms, such fatigue, affect many organ systems, including respiratory, neurological, psychosocial, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, metabolic systems. Moreover, may experience exercise intolerance impaired daily function quality life. Long be caused by SARS-CoV-2 direct injury immune/inflammatory response. Assessment requires comprehensive evaluation, history taking, physical examination, laboratory tests, radiography, functional tests. However, no known effective treatment for Based on limited evidence, vaccines help prevent development As new entity that constantly evolving, still unknowns, further investigation warranted enhance our understanding this disease.

Язык: Английский

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Combining L-Arginine with vitamin C improves long-COVID symptoms: The LINCOLN Survey

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 183, С. 106360 - 106360

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Long COVID: a review and proposed visualization of the complexity of long COVID

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023

Post-Acute Sequelae of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, or Long COVID, is a prevailing second pandemic with nearly 100 million affected individuals globally and counting. We propose visual description the complexity COVID its pathogenesis that can be used by researchers, clinicians, public health officials to guide global effort toward an improved understanding eventual mechanism-based provision care afflicted patients. The proposed visualization framework for should evidence-based, dynamic, modular, systems-level approach condition. Furthermore, further research such could establish strength relationships between pre-existing conditions (or risk factors), biological mechanisms, resulting clinical phenotypes outcomes COVID. Notwithstanding significant contribution disparities in access social determinants have on disease course long our model focuses primarily mechanisms. Accordingly, sets out scientific, clinical, efforts better understand abrogate burden imposed

Язык: Английский

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The knowns and unknowns of long COVID-19: from mechanisms to therapeutical approaches

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Март 4, 2024

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been defined as the greatest global health and socioeconomic crisis of modern times. While most people recover after being infected with virus, a significant proportion them continue to experience issues weeks, months even years acute infection SARS-CoV-2. This persistence clinical symptoms in individuals for at least three onset or emergence new lasting more than two months, without any other explanation alternative diagnosis have named long COVID, long-haul post-COVID-19 conditions, chronic post-acute sequelae (PASC). Long COVID characterized constellation disorders that vary widely their manifestations. Further, mechanisms underlying are not fully understood, which hamper efficient treatment options. review describes predictors common related COVID's effects on central peripheral nervous system organs tissues. Furthermore, transcriptional markers, molecular signaling pathways risk factors such sex, age, pre-existing condition, hospitalization during phase COVID-19, vaccination, lifestyle presented. Finally, recommendations patient rehabilitation management, well therapeutical approaches discussed. Understanding complexity this disease, its across multiple organ systems overlapping pathologies possible paramount developing diagnostic tools treatments.

Язык: Английский

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Pathophysiological, immunological, and inflammatory features of long COVID

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to cause severe global disruption, resulting in significant excess mortality, overwhelming healthcare systems, and imposing substantial social economic burdens on nations. While most of the attention therapeutic efforts have concentrated acute phase disease, a notable proportion survivors experience persistent symptoms post-infection clearance. This diverse set symptoms, loosely categorized as long COVID, presents potential additional public health crisis. It is estimated that 1 5 exhibit clinical manifestations consistent with COVID. Despite this prevalence, mechanisms pathophysiology COVID remain poorly understood. Alarmingly, evidence suggests cases within condition develop debilitating or disabling symptoms. Hence, urgent priority should be given further studies equip systems for its management. review provides an overview available information emerging condition, focusing affected individuals’ epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, immunological inflammatory profiles.

Язык: Английский

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Metabolic alterations upon SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential therapeutic targets against coronavirus infection

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2023

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection has become a global pandemic due to the high viral transmissibility and pathogenesis, bringing enormous burden our society. Most patients infected are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Although only small proportion of progressed severe COVID-19 with symptoms including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated coagulopathy, cardiovascular disorders, is accompanied mortality rates near 7 million deaths. Nowadays, effective therapeutic patterns for still lacking. It been extensively reported that host metabolism plays essential roles in various physiological processes during virus infection. Many viruses manipulate avoid immunity, facilitate their own replication, initiate pathological response. Targeting interaction between holds promise developing strategies. In this review, we summarize discuss recent studies dedicated uncovering role life cycle aspects entry, assembly, pathogenesis an emphasis on glucose lipid metabolism. Microbiota long also discussed. Ultimately, recapitulate metabolism-modulating drugs repurposed statins, ASM inhibitors, NSAIDs, Montelukast, omega-3 fatty acids, 2-DG, metformin.

Язык: Английский

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