Lecture notes in electrical engineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 203 - 215
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Cardiovascular Diabetology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
ESC Heart Failure, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Июль 22, 2024
Abstract Systemic aging influences various physiological processes and contributes to structural functional decline in cardiac tissue. These alterations include an increased incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy, a diastolic function, atrial dilation, fibrillation, myocardial fibrosis amyloidosis, elevating susceptibility chronic heart failure (HF) the elderly. Age‐related dysfunction stems from prolonged exposure genomic, epigenetic, oxidative, autophagic, inflammatory regenerative stresses, along with accumulation senescent cells. Concurrently, age‐related changes vascular system, attributed endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, impaired angiogenesis, oxidative stress inflammation, impose additional strain on heart. Dysregulated mechanosignalling nitric oxide signalling play critical roles associated HF. Metabolic drives intricate shifts glucose lipid metabolism, leading insulin resistance, mitochondrial within cardiomyocytes. contribute contractility, ultimately propelling low‐grade conjunction senescence‐associated secretory phenotype, aggravates age by promoting immune cell infiltration into myocardium, fostering This is further exacerbated comorbidities like coronary artery disease (CAD), atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity, diabetes kidney (CKD). CAD atherosclerosis induce ischaemia adverse remodelling, while hypertension hypertrophy fibrosis. Obesity‐associated inflammation dyslipidaemia create profibrotic environment, whereas diabetes‐related metabolic disturbances impair function. CKD‐related fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances uraemic toxins exacerbate HF through systemic neurohormonal renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system (RAAS) activation. Recognizing as modifiable process has opened avenues target both lifestyle interventions therapeutics. Exercise, known for its antioxidant effects, can partly reverse pathological remodelling elderly countering linked HF, such senescence declining cardiomyocyte regeneration. Dietary plant‐based ketogenic diets, caloric restriction macronutrient supplementation are instrumental maintaining energy balance, reducing adiposity addressing micronutrient Therapeutic advancements targeting underway. Key approaches senomorphics senolytics limit senescence, antioxidants stress, anti‐inflammatory drugs interleukin (IL)‐1β inhibitors, rejuvenators nicotinamide riboside, resveratrol sirtuin (SIRT) activators autophagy enhancers metformin sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) all which offer potential preserving function alleviating burden.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(2), С. 46 - 46
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025
Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) continues to be a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating the evolution evidence-based management strategies. This literature review examines most recent updates from 2023 2024 hypertension guidelines issued by European Society Hypertension (ESH) Cardiology (ESC). These are compared with previous key recommendations, such as 2017 American College Cardiology/American Heart Association 2018 ESC/ESH guidelines. The updated recommendations reflect paradigm shift in approach diagnosis management, including stricter systolic blood pressure (BP) target 120–129 mmHg, which underscores importance early precise BP control. difference between classification “elevated BP” ESC versus ESH guidelines, particularly, regarding their implications for detection prevention HHD, critically examined, highlighting areas clinical academic debate. introduction new category (120–139/70–89 mmHg) highlights proactive strategy aimed at identifying at-risk individuals earlier course prevent progression HHD. Additionally, divergent roles hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD), risk stratification recommended discussed, emphasising significance tailoring approaches. For patients resistant hypertension, also endorse innovative therapies, renal denervation, an interventional procedure that has demonstrated significant promise managing treatment-resistant cases. synthesises these updates, focusing on practice diagnosing By aggressive intervention integration novel treatment modalities, aims bridge existing gaps approaches management. critical evaluation guideline discrepancies evolving evidence seeks provide clinicians nuanced understanding optimise outcomes particularly considering emerging therapeutic possibilities more stringent control targets.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2025
Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) significantly contributes to global morbidity and mortality, worsened by rising hypertension rates. This study aims assess the burden of HHD from 1990 2021, analyzing prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) stratified age, sex, Sociodemographic Index (SDI). Utilizing data Global Burden Disease 2021 project across 204 countries 21 regions, calculated age-standardized rates evaluated risk factors for prevention priorities. In there were 12.5 million cases globally, resulting in 1.332 deaths 25.4622 DALYs. Age-standardized 148.3 16.3 deaths, 301.6 DALYs per 100,000 people, reflecting increases 18.2% prevalence but decreases (- 22%) 25.8%) since 1990. Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa recorded highest (291.8), while Bulgaria had mortality (103.4) DALY (1739.3). Age-specific trends showed that increased with age genders, at regional levels, decreased higher SDI. Major contributing included high systolic blood pressure, metabolic risks, body-mass index, unhealthy diet, alcohol use, low fruit vegetable intake. Despite advances management, remains a health concern, especially low-SDI areas. Efforts focused on modifiable like control dietary improvements, are essential mitigate HHD.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(4), С. 733 - 733
Опубликована: Март 25, 2024
There is ample evidence on the benefit of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) in heart failure, yet data regarding potential protective action ARNIs hypertensive disease are sparse. The aim this study was to show whether an ARNI exerts a effect model Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertension with and compare angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril. Five groups adult male Wistar rats were studied (14 per group) for four weeks: untreated controls; (68 mg/kg/day); L-NAME (40 treated ARNI; captopril (100 mg/kg/day). administration induced hypertension, accompanied by increased left ventricular (LV) weight fibrotic rebuilding LV terms concentration content hydroxyproline insoluble collagen total histological finding fibrosis. These alterations associated compromised systolic diastolic function. Treatment either or reduced blood pressure (SBP), alleviated hypertrophy fibrosis, prevented development both dysfunction. Moreover, serum levels prolactin receptor significantly slightly In conclusion, L-NAME-induced dual inhibition neprilysin AT1 receptors SBP hypertrophy, suggest that could provide protection against structural remodeling functional disorders disease.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(12), С. 6661 - 6661
Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2024
Hypertension represents one of the primary and most common risk factors leading to development heart failure (HF) across entire spectrum left ventricular ejection fraction. A large body evidence has demonstrated that adequate blood pressure (BP) control can reduce cardiovascular events, including HF. Although pathophysiological epidemiological role hypertension in HF is well largely known, some critical issues still deserve be clarified, BP targets, particularly patients. Indeed, management relies on extrapolation findings from high-risk hypertensive patients general population not specifically designed studies populations. In with reduced fraction (HFrEF), it recommended combine drugs documented outcome benefits BP-lowering effects. preserved EF (HFpEF), a therapeutic strategy all major antihypertensive drug classes recommended. Besides commonly used drugs, different suggests other for beneficial effect outcomes exert advantageous pressure-lowering actions. this regard, type 2 sodium glucose transporter inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been shown induce actions favorably affect cardiac afterload, arterial coupling, efficiency, reverse remodeling. More recently, finerenone, non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, reduces new-onset improves chronic kidney disease diabetes, irrespective history Other proposed agents, such as endothelin antagonists, provided contrasting results novel, promising could represented by small interfering RNA, whose are under investigation ongoing clinical trials.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025
This study explores the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms and early diastolic dysfunction in patients with hypertension utilizing four-dimensional echocardiography assesses prognosis. consecutively selected 470 who visited Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University September 2021 August 2022, 274 meeting inclusion criteria. Hypertension testing was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) techniques, Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test used to confirm genetic equilibrium. Patients were categorized into D allele group (n = 163) non-D 111). Diastolic function assessed echocardiography, which included averaging E/e' ratio over three cardiac cycles, measuring left atrial (LA) maximum volume index (LA volume), tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TR velocity), LA strain, ventricular isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT). subsequently classified 133) normal 141). Chi-square tests analyze differences indicators groups, Logistic regression applied control for potential confounding factors, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves plotted assess predictive value different ACE alleles hypertension. The genotype distribution both consistent (P > 0.05). Compared group, echocardiographic showed a decline function: average cycles (14.67 [13.82, 15.80] vs. 9.30 [8.12, 12.00]), (32.76 [29.34, 34.61] 25.61 [22.63, 29.64] ml/m2), TR (2.90 [2.40, 2.90] 1.40 [1.10, 2.40] cm/s), strain (18.00 [14.00, 25.00] 37.00 [24.00, 40.00] %), IVRT (104.25 [95.87, 106.25] 88.09 [80.99, 96.56] ms). Differences each statistically significant (all P < number higher 102; 62.6%) compared 31; 27.9%). In logistic model, associated an increased risk (OR 4.32, 95% CI 2.56–7.27, 0.01). adjusted remained elevated 3.83, 2.24–6.54, ROC curve analysis indicated that has (area under [AUC], 0.667; confidence interval [CI], 0.608–0.723; sensitivity, 76.7%; specificity, 56.7%; ACE-D is can enhance
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(15), С. 5090 - 5090
Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2023
Despite overwhelming epidemiological evidence, the contribution of hypertension (HTN) to heart failure (HF) development has been undermined in current clinical practice. This is because approximately half HF patients have labeled as suffering from with preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) (HFpEF), HTN, obesity, and diabetes mellitus (DM) being considered virtually equally responsible for its development. However, this suggestion obviously inaccurate, since HTN by far most frequent devastating morbidity present HFpEF. Further, obesity or DM rare absence coronary artery disease (CAD), whereas often causes per se. Finally, unlike major comorbidities HFpEF, including anemia, chronic kidney disease, pulmonary DM, atrial fibrillation, sleep apnea, depression, it unknown whether they precede result it. The purpose paper provide a contemporary overview on hypertensive HF, special emphasis inflammatory nature association autonomic nervous system (ANS) imbalance, both are pathophysiologic therapeutic interest.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
Clinical Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(12), С. 124 - 137
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2024
Background Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) is a major global public health issue resulting from hypertension-induced end-organ damage. The aim of this study was to examine the impact, risk factors, and age-period-cohort (APC) model HHD 1990 2019. Methods Data 2019 Global Burden Disease were used assess age-adjusted prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), mortality rates, contributions factors with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). APC models analyze age, period, cohort trends for HHD. Results In 2019, 18.6 million prevalent cases led 1.16 fatalities 21.51 DALYs. Age-adjusted rates 233.8 (95%UI = 170.5–312.9) per 100,000 individuals 15.2 (11.2–16.7) mortality, 268.2 (204.6–298.1) Regionally, Cook Islands (703.1), Jordan (561.6), Kuwait (514.9) had highest age-standardized incidence in There significant increases prevalence Andean Latin America (16.7%), western sub-Saharan Africa (5.6%), eastern (4.6%). Mortality rate varied widely among countries. Risk like elevated systolic blood pressure high body mass index influenced DALY especially females. revealed an association between decreasing over time improved survival later birth cohort. Conclusions Despite reduction remains issue, particularly nations low sociodemographic indices. To alleviate impact HHD, prevention efforts should concentrate on management hypertension, weight loss, lifestyle improvement.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4