Exploring the role of antioxidants in sepsis-associated oxidative stress: a comprehensive review

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Sepsis is a potentially fatal condition characterized by organ dysfunction caused an imbalanced immune response to infection. Although increased inflammatory significantly contributes the pathogenesis of sepsis, several molecular mechanisms underlying progression sepsis are associated with cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and exhausted antioxidant pathways. This review article provides comprehensive overview involvement ROS in pathophysiology potential application antioxidants antimicrobial properties as adjunct primary therapies (fluid antibiotic therapies) against sepsis. delves into advantages disadvantages utilization therapeutic approach which has been explored variety animal models clinical trials. While suggested therapy suppress cases where intensified reaction occurs, use multiple agents can be beneficial they act additively or synergistically on different pathways, thereby enhancing defense. Furthermore, immunoadjuvant therapy, specifically septic patients displaying immunosuppressive tendencies, represents promising advancement therapy.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative stress in critically ill neonatal foals

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Background Oxidative injury occurs in septic people, but the role of oxidative stress and antioxidants has rarely been evaluated foals. Objectives/Hypothesis To measure reactive oxygen species (ROS), biomarkers injury, neonatal We hypothesized that ill foals would have higher blood concentrations ROS lower compared to healthy Animals Seventy‐two hospitalized 21 Methods Prospective cohort study. Reactive (hydrogen peroxide [H 2 O ]), (malondialdehyde [MDA], protein carbonyl), (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione, glutathione reductase [GR] peroxidase [GPx]) were measured from at admission. Measured variables between using a 1‐way ANOVA by Tukey's multiple comparisons test. Results Ill (n = 51) had significantly mean H (healthy 2.6 ± 1.4 nmol/mL, 6.8 4.6 L nmol/mL; 95% CI), MDA 31.2 14.4 114.3 94.0 carbonyl 0.07 0.01 nmol/mg protein, 0.12 0.02 CI). Significant CAT 0.4 0.3 mU/mg 238.5 101.9 μg/mL, 110.7 37.8 CI; P < .0001), GR 1.6 1.8 0.5 GPx 0.003 0.007 0.002 CI) also noted. Conclusions Clinical Importance antioxidant occur bacteremic These should be considered during treatment

Язык: Английский

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Postbiotic production: harnessing the power of microbial metabolites for health applications

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2023

Postbiotics, which are bioactive substances derived from the metabolic processes of beneficial microbes, have received considerable attention in field microbiome science recent years, presenting a promising path for exploration and innovation. This comprehensive analysis looks into multidimensional terrain postbiotic production, including an extensive examination diverse classes, revealing their sophisticated mechanisms action highlighting future applications that might significantly affect human health. The authors thoroughly investigate various support ranging conventional fermentation procedures to cutting-edge enzyme conversion synthetic biology approaches. review, as acknowledgment field’s developing nature, not only highlights current achievements but also navigates through problems inherent production. In order successfully include postbiotics therapeutic interventions production functional food ingredients, emphasis is given critical elements, improving yields, bolstering stability, assuring safety. knowledge presented herein sheds light on expanding potential revolutionize development novel therapeutics ingredients.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Novel Pongamia pinnata Derived Herbal Mouth‐Dissolving Film for Treating Oral Disorders and Evaluating Its Anticancer Properties

Cell Biochemistry and Function, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 43(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to optimize a mouth‐dissolving film (MDF) made from Pongamia pinnata stem bark extract increase patient compliance and accelerate oral disease therapy. Several extracts were prepared, karanjin was used as an herbal marker for the extracts. ethanolic showed maximum yield (12.10% ± 0.09%) cytotoxic activity against human cancer (KB 3‐1) embryonic kidney cell lines. MDF formulation focused on incorporating fixed amount of varying concentrations HPMC E5 polymer, along with evaluating performance plasticizers like PEG 400 propylene glycol (PG). An optimized determined based disintegration time, wetting folding endurance. consisted film‐forming PG superior plasticizer, ascorbic acid antioxidant, other ingredients contributing solubility, dispersion, sweetening, appearance. High‐performance thin‐layer chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis confirmed higher levels in formulation, ensuring its successful incorporation stability. Taste masking evaluations indicate favorable taste profile high potential compliance. stability displayed no significant changes physical characteristics film, affirming quality. In conclusion, developed herbal‐based presents promising drug delivery system, offering enhanced compliance, masking, holds great effective treatment management diseases, providing convenience improved therapeutic outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Harmony in Motion: Unraveling the Nexus of Sports, Plant-Based Nutrition, and Antioxidants for Peak Performance

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(4), С. 437 - 437

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

The intricate interplay between plant-based nutrition, antioxidants, and their impact on athletic performance forms the cornerstone of this comprehensive review. Emphasizing pivotal importance dietary choices in realm sports, paper sets stage for an in-depth exploration how stress physical are interconnected through lens nutrition. increasing interest among athletes diets presents opportunity with benefits health, performance, recovery. It is essential to investigate connection plants, antioxidants. Highlighting nutrition recovery well-being, review emphasizes antioxidants can help mitigate oxidative stress. Furthermore, it discusses growing popularity athletes. elaborates combating radicals addressing levels while promoting cellular health. By identifying rich foods, role a balanced diet ensuring sufficient intake these beneficial compounds. Examining within context sports activities, provides insights into its mechanisms as well processes. This study explores including types, potential advantages challenges. also addresses drawbacks relying diets, concerns related antioxidant supplementation identifies areas where further research needed. suggests directions innovations Ultimately brings together aspects provide perspective athletes, researchers practitioners. consolidating existing knowledge, offers that pave way advancements ever-evolving field

Язык: Английский

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Curcumin‐loaded nanoparticles effectively prevent T₄‐induced oxidative stress in rat heart

Cell Biochemistry and Function, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 42(4)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Abstract In this study, we report the cardioprotective effect of glycerol monooleate (GMO) based nanocurcumin in both vitro and vivo conditions under a hyperthyroid state. The heart is one primary target organs sensitive to action thyroid hormone, slight variations hormone serum concentrations result measurable changes cardiac performance. Hyperthyroidism‐induced hypermetabolism associated with oxidative stress an important mechanism responsible for progression failure. Curcumin has been known play protective role against stress‐related diseases like Alzheimer's, asthma, aging due its antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, potent biological activity hindered poor bioavailability. To overcome drawback, GMO‐based biodegradable nanoparticle (NP) formulation loaded curcumin developed, curcumin‐loaded NPs was compared native drug. Oxidative parameters reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, change mitochondrial membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation (LPx), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) protein expression endogenous enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT) glutathione peroxidase were evaluated. results from showed that better DPPH NO radical scavenging than range 2.5–20 µM. It also observed nanoparticulate comparatively more effective protecting ROS‐induced damage by reducing LPx LDH leakage at low 5–10 Further, performed facilitating activities respect time concentrations, resulting reduced cellular ROS levels. scenario, anticipate can serve as counterpart diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Role of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials in Crop Plants Temperature/Heat Stress Management

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Impact of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials on Soil Microbiomes and Associated Activities

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Editorial: Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and antioxidant therapeutics

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 26, 2025

association between OBS and IBD. demonstrated a negative correlation with IBD, particularly among female Crohn's disease (CD) patients. This research highlights the importance of an antioxidant diet lifestyle, potentially offering improved health for patients CD. The study conducted by Chang et al. indicates that increased exposure to antioxidants, evaluated through (diet lifestyle rich in antioxidants), could reduce incidence colorectal cancer (CRC). A significant was identified likelihood developing CRC its various subsites (proximal colon cancer, distal rectal cancer). especially evident male Biomarkers are essential detection diseases evaluating effectiveness treatments (4,5). Serum albumin, uric acid, neutrophil count biomarkers mediating potential CRC.Antioxidants have been suggested as possible alternative treatment antiinflammatory/immunomodulatory medications used treat GI disorders. There types each exhibiting distinct mechanisms action application specific clinical applications (6). Natural compounds can scavenge ROS enhance body's defense (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), inhibiting pro-oxidative enzymes aiding When capacity damaged mucosa is diminished, nontraditional therapies, including pharmaceuticals, natural or synthetic agents, hormones, probiotics neutralize reactive oxygen nitrogen species, mitigate cellular damage (protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, DNA modification) function enzymes, helpful when conjunction anti-inflammatory independently (14)(15)(16)(17). Muro provided comprehensive overview involvement OS pathophysiology highlighting diagnostic targets exploring use therapies manage Markers OS, 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine, malondialdehyde, serum-free thiols, were blood stool correlated severity. Consequently, markers serve dual purpose, both diagnosis assessment IBD efficacy. also focus on such glutathione, vitamin C, E, N-acetylcysteine. In their review, Sahoo examined range polyphenolic substances, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, green tea flavonoids, luteolin, genistein, xanthohumol, alpinetin, silymarin, proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins phenolic thymol, alkaloids like berberine, storage polysaccharides tamarind xyloglucan, phytochemicals represented isothiocyanate sulforaphane food/spices ginger, flaxseed oil, along hormones melatonin, all which target signaling pathways intestinal inflammation associated He relationship dietary carotenoid intake soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) plasma levels elderly adults. overall consumption carotenoids showed positive concentrations S-Klotho population, ingestion α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein zeaxanthin. gut microbiota (GM), includes bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, viruses, significantly influences host (18,19). GM plays crucial role epithelial barrier, aids metabolism, offers protection against pathogens, impacts development mucosal immune system (19). Numerous findings illustrate prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics human animal health, contributing maintenance healthy microbiota, enhancing promoting tolerance, helping regulate proinflammatory response (18,(20)(21)(22). underlying functional disorders encompass alterations microbiota/gut hormone axis, play motility. Hormone receptors discovered inflamed regions, demonstrating ability trigger pro-and responses. Dai review pathogenesis cardiovascular (CVD), addressing factors inflammatory response, mitochondrial dysfunction, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, dysbiosis GM. Research functions "microbial organ" influencing "gut-heart" axis presents promising pathway preventing treating CVD. number potent derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) identified, acids, stilbenes, saponins, anthraquinones, terpenoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, demonstrate therapeutic effects CVDs. TCM address CVD mechanisms, properties, antiinflammatory effects, enhancement function, prevention cell death (including apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis), modulation Clinical trials safety reducing symptoms Studies indicate numerous monomers sugar early renal via "gut-liver-kidney axis" while mitigating pathological kidneys. Xu exhibits protective influence kidneys interaction farnesoid X receptor (FXR). TCMs modulate microbiota-bile (BA) thereby slowing progression DKD. distinctive benefits kidney tissue damage, managing glucose lowering urinary protein levels, determined. DKD, there reduction supplementation these elements restore mucosa, reverse structural individuals TCM, combination Salvia miltiorrhiza Astragalus membranaceus effective prescription DKD (23). A. S. enhanced prevalence Akkermansia, muciniphila, Lactobacillus, L. murinus. While Akkermansia muciniphila exhibited synthesis arachidonic metabolites, Lactobacillus murinus exhibit glycerophospholipid suggesting may contribute positively flora distribution. Another astragaloside IV (AS-IV), active component astragaloside, facilitates release Nrf2 Kelch-like ECHassociated 1 (Keap1)-Nrf2 complex counteracts dysfunction (24). Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction, formulation, has improve metabolism rats advanced glycation endproducts (AGE)/ AGE (RAGE)/ kinase B (Akt)/Nrf2 triglyceride low-density lipoprotein cholesterol safeguard (25). Mycobacterial species possess powerful immunomodulatory capability, primarily due wall composition. Abdallah explore prophylactic anti-diabetic heat-killed Mycobacterium aurum (HK-MA) mice streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Prophylactic administration three doses HK-MA diabetic led notable decrease compared control mice. notably normalized altered expression liver uncoupling 2 (UCP2), lactate dehydrogenase, skeletal muscle UCP3. lower hyperglycemia support supplement improving diabetes management. might be partially linked effect brought about HK-MA. However, still hypothesis necessitates additional research. contrast, Shi microbiome tumorpromoting anti-tumor effects. They outlined bacterial strategies tumors, encompassing engineered approaches. conditions, particular anaerobes parthenogenetic anaerobes, accumulate proliferate within tumor environment. occurrence triggers series responses body eventually lead metabolic by-products, induction cascades, responses, alteration microbial abundance colonization sites. metabolite indole-3-propionic aryl hydrocarbon (AhR) agonist. It reduces colonic cells, consequently hindering carcinogenesis anticancer Bifidobacterium classified advantages CRC. produces metabolites proliferation regulating suppressing important highlight butyrate, recognized most thoroughly researched short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), role, possessing promote tumorigenesis elicit Butyrate demonstrates combat Fas p21 models pro-carcinogenic activities intestine, histone deacetylases. These actions inhibition further progression. Furthermore, butyrate preserving integrity functioning intestines. bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (BTS-MR) Liu illustrated intricate thyroid dysfunction. underlines selecting more targeted uphold thyroid-gut homeostasis, prevention, management, reversal development. BTS-MR genera Intestinimonas, Eubacterium brachy group, Ruminiclostridium, Ruminococcaceae UCG004 risk decreased function. Lachnospiraceae UCG008, phyla Actinobacteria Verrucomicrobia, effects.Exploring products (26,27) production therapeutics molecular farming (28) garnered interest recent years reduced adverse medications. Considering current scientific evidence, it seems forthcoming incorporate antioxidants alongside conventional medical approach humans animals suffering necessary before utilized practice.

Язык: Английский

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Bionanotechnology: A Paradigm for Advancing Environmental Sustainability

Indian Journal of Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2024

Язык: Английский

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