Gut Microbiome–Brain Alliance: A Landscape View into Mental and Gastrointestinal Health and Disorders

ACS Chemical Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(10), С. 1717 - 1763

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Gut microbiota includes a vast collection of microorganisms residing within the gastrointestinal tract. It is broadly recognized that gut and brain are in constant bidirectional communication, which its metabolic production major component, form so-called microbiome–brain axis. Disturbances homeostasis caused by imbalance their functional composition activities, known as dysbiosis, cause dysregulation these pathways trigger changes blood–brain barrier permeability, thereby causing pathological malfunctions, including neurological disorders. In turn, can affect structure function through autonomic nervous system regulating motility, intestinal transit secretion, permeability. Here, we examine data from CAS Content Collection, largest published scientific information, analyze publication landscape recent research. We review advances knowledge related to human microbiome, complexity functionality, communication with central system, effect axis on mental health. discuss correlations between various diseases, specifically also explore metabolites regard impact associated diseases. Finally, assess clinical applications gut-microbiota-related substances development pipelines. hope this serve useful resource understanding current emerging field an effort further solving remaining challenges fulfilling potential.

Язык: Английский

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Understanding the Gut–Brain Axis and Its Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(21), С. 4631 - 4631

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2023

The gut–brain axis (GBA) is a complex bidirectional communication network connecting the gut and brain. It involves neural, immune, endocrine pathways between gastrointestinal (GI) tract central nervous system (CNS). Perturbations of GBA have been reported in many neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), among others, suggesting possible role pathogenesis. microbiota pivotal component GBA, alterations its composition, known dysbiosis, associated with dysfunction neurodegeneration. might influence homeostasis CNS by modulating immune and, more directly, regulating production molecules metabolites that systems, making it potential therapeutic target. Preclinical trials manipulating microbial composition through dietary intervention, probiotic prebiotic supplementation, fecal transplantation (FMT) provided promising outcomes. However, clear mechanism not well understood, results are always consistent. Here, we provide an overview major components approaches targeting to ameliorate NDDs.

Язык: Английский

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Non-Invasive Drug Delivery across the Blood–Brain Barrier: A Prospective Analysis

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(11), С. 2599 - 2599

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2023

Non-invasive drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) represents a significant advancement in treating neurological diseases. The BBB is tightly packed layer of endothelial cells that shields brain from harmful substances blood, allowing necessary nutrients to pass through. It highly selective barrier, which poses challenge delivering therapeutic agents into brain. Several non-invasive procedures and devices have been developed or are currently being investigated enhance BBB. This paper presents review prospective analysis art science address pharmacology, technology, systems, regulatory approval, ethical concerns, future possibilities.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota produces biofilm-associated amyloids with potential for neurodegeneration

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Май 16, 2024

Abstract Age-related neurodegenerative diseases involving amyloid aggregation remain one of the biggest challenges modern medicine. Alterations in gastrointestinal microbiome play an active role aetiology neurological disorders. Here, we dissect amyloidogenic properties biofilm-associated proteins (BAPs) gut microbiota and their implications for synucleinopathies. We demonstrate that BAPs are naturally assembled as amyloid-like fibrils insoluble fractions isolated from human microbiota. show BAP genes part accessory genomes, revealing variability. Remarkably, abundance certain is correlated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) incidence. Using cultured dopaminergic neurons Caenorhabditis elegans models, report BAP-derived amyloids induce α-synuclein aggregation. Our results chaperone-mediated autophagy compromised by amyloids. Indeed, inoculation into brains wild-type mice promote key pathological features PD. Therefore, our findings establish use potential targets biomarkers α-synucleinopathies.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the microbiota-gut-brain axis: impact on brain structure and function

Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025

The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) plays a significant role in the maintenance of brain structure and function. MGBA serves as conduit between CNS ENS, facilitating communication emotional cognitive centers via diverse pathways. In initial stages this review, we will examine way how affects neurogenesis, neuronal dendritic morphology, axonal myelination, microglia structure, blood barrier (BBB) permeability, synaptic structure. Furthermore, review potential mechanistic pathways neuroplasticity through influence. short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play pivotal MGBA, where they can modify BBB. We therefore discuss SCFAs influence microglia, neuronal, astrocyte function, well their disorders such Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD). Subsequently, technical strategies employed to study interactions, including using germ-free (GF) animals, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), antibiotics-induced dysbiosis. Finally, particular bacterial strains affect By gaining deeper understanding it may be possible facilitate research into microbial-based pharmacological interventions therapeutic for neurological diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Enteric nervous system and intestinal epithelial regulation of the gut-brain axis

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 150(3), С. 513 - 522

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systemic Review

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(4), С. 1083 - 1083

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023

Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) are a group of conditions that affect the neurons in brain and spinal cord, leading to their degeneration eventually causing loss function affected areas. These can be caused by range factors, including genetics, environmental lifestyle choices. Major pathological signs these diseases protein misfolding, proteosomal dysfunction, aggregation, inadequate degradation, oxidative stress, free radical formation, mitochondrial dysfunctions, impaired bioenergetics, DNA damage, fragmentation Golgi apparatus neurons, disruption axonal transport, dysfunction neurotrophins (NTFs), neuroinflammatory or neuroimmune processes, neurohumoral symptoms. According recent studies, defects imbalances gut microbiota directly lead neurological through gut-brain axis. Probiotics ND recommended prevent cognitive which is major symptom diseases. Many vivo clinical trials have revealed probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus casei, etc.) effective candidates against progression ND. It has been proven inflammatory process stress modulated modifying with help probiotics. As result, this study provides an overview available data, bacterial variety, axis defects, probiotics’ mode action averting A literature search on particular sites, PubMed, Nature, Springer Link, identified articles might pertinent subject. The contains following few groups terms: (1) OR (2) disorders. outcomes aid elucidating relationship between effects different neurodegenerative This systematic review will assist discovering new treatments future, as generally safe cause mild side some cases human body.

Язык: Английский

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Correlation between the gut microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases: a review of metagenomics evidence

Neural Regeneration Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19(4), С. 833 - 845

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2023

A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota contributes to development neurodegenerative diseases via microbiota-gut-brain axis. As a contributing factor, dysbiosis always occurs in pathological changes diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. High-throughput sequencing technology has helped reveal bidirectional communication between central nervous system enteric is facilitated by microbiota's diverse microorganisms, for both neuroimmune neuroendocrine systems. Here, we summarize bioinformatics analysis wet-biology validation metagenomics with an emphasis on multi-omics studies virome. The pathogen-associated signaling biomarkers identifying brain disorders potential therapeutic targets are also elucidated. Finally, discuss role diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics exercise interventions remodeling microbiome reducing symptoms diseases.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Microbiota–Gut–Brain Cross-Talk with a Focus on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(20), С. 15094 - 15094

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2023

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by the gradual loss of motor neurons in brain and spinal cord, leading to progressive function decline. Unfortunately, there no effective treatment, its increasing prevalence linked an aging population, improved diagnostics, heightened awareness, changing lifestyles. In gastrointestinal system, gut microbiota plays vital role producing metabolites, neurotransmitters, immune molecules. Short-chain fatty acids, interest for their potential health benefits, are influenced fiber- plant-based diet, promoting diverse balanced microbiome. These acids impact body binding receptors on enteroendocrine cells, influencing hormones like glucagon-like peptide-1 peptide YY, which regulate appetite insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, these blood-brain barrier, neurotransmitter levels, neurotrophic factors, directly stimulate vagal afferent nerves, affecting gut-brain communication. The vagus nerve crucial link between brain, transmitting signals related appetite, inflammation, various processes. Dysregulation this pathway can contribute conditions obesity irritable bowel syndrome. Emerging evidence suggests complex interplay among microbiota, environmental factors influences processes via interconnected pathways, including function, anti-inflammation, energy metabolism. Embracing balanced, fiber-rich diet may foster microbiome, potentially impacting risk. Comprehensive understanding requires further research into interventions targeting microbiome acid production therapeutic neurodegeneration.

Язык: Английский

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Overlapping Neuroimmune Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(10), С. 2793 - 2793

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2023

Many potential immune therapeutic targets are similarly affected in adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's (AD) disease, Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), well a seemingly distinct Niemann-Pick type C with primarily juvenile onset. This strongly argues for an overlap pathogenic mechanisms. The commonly researched include various cell subsets, microglia, peripheral macrophages, regulatory T cells (Tregs); the complement system; other soluble factors. In this review, we compare these diseases from clinical point of view highlight common pathways mechanisms protein aggregation, neurodegeneration, and/or neuroinflammation that could potentially lead to shared treatment strategies overlapping dysfunctions diseases. These approaches but not limited immunisation, cascade blockade, microbiome regulation, inhibition signal transduction, Treg boosting, stem transplantation.

Язык: Английский

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