Non-coding RNAs and neuroinflammation: implications for neurological disorders DOI Creative Commons
Yvonne Chen,

Julia Mateski,

Linda Gerace

и другие.

Experimental Biology and Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 249

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

Neuroinflammation is considered a balanced inflammatory response important in the intrinsic repair process after injury or infection. Under chronic states of disease, injury, infection, persistent neuroinflammation results heightened presence cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen species that result tissue damage. In CNS, surrounding microglia normally contain macrophages other innate immune cells perform active surveillance. The resulting cytokines produced by these affect growth, development, responsiveness present both white gray matter regions CNS. Controlling levels ultimately improves neurocognitive function lesions associated with neurologic disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are master regulators genome subsequently control activity responses crucial sustaining robust acute immunological towards an infection while dampening pathways chemokines neuroinflammation. Numerous reports have directly implicated miRNAs controlling abundance interleukins, TGF-B, NF-kB, toll-like receptor-signaling intrinsically linked development neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s, ALS, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s, neuromuscular degeneration. This review focused on discussing role play regulating initiating states, many which maintain level and/or neuron-specific secondary messengers. Dysregulated microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, epididymal cells, contribute to overall glial-specific niche impacts neuronal conductivity, signaling action potentials, neurotransmitter robustness, neuron-neuron specific communication, neuron-muscular connections. Understanding regulate microglial activation step forward developing non-coding RNA-based therapeutics treat potentially correct behavioral cognitive deficits typically found patients suffering from

Язык: Английский

The interaction of innate immune and adaptive immune system DOI Creative Commons

Ruyuan Wang,

Caini Lan, Kamel Benlagha

и другие.

MedComm, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(10)

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2024

The innate immune system serves as the body's first line of defense, utilizing pattern recognition receptors like Toll-like to detect pathogens and initiate rapid response mechanisms. Following this initial response, adaptive immunity provides highly specific sustained killing via B cells, T antibodies. Traditionally, it has been assumed that activates immunity; however, recent studies have revealed more complex interactions. This review a detailed dissection composition function systems, emphasizing their synergistic roles in physiological pathological contexts, providing new insights into link between these two forms immunity. Precise regulation both systems at same time is beneficial fight against immune-related diseases, for example, cGAS-STING pathway found play an important role infections cancers. In addition, paper summarizes challenges future directions field immunity, including latest single-cell sequencing technologies, CAR-T cell therapy, checkpoint inhibitors. By summarizing developments, aims enhance our understanding complexity interactions perspectives system.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

23
ACE2-dependent and -independent SARS-CoV-2 entries dictate viral replication and inflammatory response during infection DOI
Tianhao Duan, Changsheng Xing, Junjun Chu

и другие.

Nature Cell Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(4), С. 628 - 644

Опубликована: Март 21, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
Unraveling the Complexities of Toll-like Receptors: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Applications DOI Open Access
Yi-Hsin Chen,

Kang‐Hsi Wu,

Han‐Ping Wu

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(9), С. 5037 - 5037

Опубликована: Май 5, 2024

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are vital components of the innate immune system, serving as first line defense against pathogens by recognizing a wide array molecular patterns. This review summarizes critical roles TLRs in surveillance and disease pathogenesis, focusing on their structure, signaling pathways, implications various disorders. We discuss intricacies TLRs, including ligand specificity, cascades, functional consequences activation. The involvement infectious diseases, autoimmunity, chronic inflammation, cancer is explored, highlighting potential therapeutic targets. also examine recent advancements TLR research, such development specific agonists antagonists, application immunotherapy vaccine development. Furthermore, we address challenges controversies surrounding research outline future directions, integration computational modeling personalized medicine approaches. In conclusion, represent promising frontier medical with to significantly impact novel strategies for range diseases.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
Transient Left Ventricular Dysfunction from Cardiomyopathies to Myocardial Viability: When and Why Cardiac Function Recovers DOI Creative Commons
Giancarlo Trimarchi,

Lucio Teresi,

Roberto Licordari

и другие.

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(5), С. 1051 - 1051

Опубликована: Май 9, 2024

Transient left ventricular dysfunction (TLVD), a temporary condition marked by reversible impairment of function, remains an underdiagnosed yet significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in clinical practice. Unlike the well-explored atherosclerotic disease epicardial coronary arteries, diverse etiologies TLVD require greater attention for proper diagnosis management. The spectrum disorders associated with includes stress-induced cardiomyopathy, central nervous system injuries, histaminergic syndromes, various inflammatory diseases, pregnancy-related conditions, genetically determined syndromes. Furthermore, myocardial infarction non-obstructive arteries (MINOCA) origins such as artery spasm, thromboembolism, spontaneous dissection (SCAD) may also manifest TLVD, eventually showing recovery. This review highlights range ischemic non-ischemic situations that lead gathering conditions like Tako-Tsubo Syndrome (TTS), Kounis syndrome (KS), Myocarditis, Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM), Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (TIC). Differentiation amongst these causes is crucial, they involve distinct clinical, instrumental, genetic predictors bode different outcomes recovery potential function. purpose this improve everyday approaches treating diseases providing extensive survey linked elements impacting prognosis outcomes.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
An interferon-stimulated long non-coding RNA USP30-AS1 as an immune modulator in influenza A virus infection DOI Creative Commons
Yi Cao, Alex W. H. Chin, Haogao Gu

и другие.

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1), С. e1012854 - e1012854

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are essential components of innate immunity, maintaining the functionality immune systems that control virus infection. However, how lncRNAs engage responses during influenza A (IAV) infection remains unclear. Here, we show lncRNA USP30-AS1 is up-regulated by multiple different IAV subtypes and required for tuning inflammatory antiviral response in Genetically inactivation enhances viral protein synthesis growth. an interferon-stimulated gene, induction can be achieved JAK-STAT mediated signaling activation. The regulation independent its proximal protein-coding gene USP30 . In infection, deletion unleashes high systemic involving a broad range pro-inflammatory factors, suggesting as critical modulator Furthermore, established database providing well-annotated host expression profiles or stimulation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
The Role of TLRs in Obesity and Its Related Metabolic Disorders DOI Open Access
Tannia Isabel Campos-Bayardo, Daniel Román-Rojas, Andrés García-Sánchez

и другие.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(5), С. 2229 - 2229

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Obesity affects the adaptability of adipose tissue (AT), impairing its ability to regulate energy and metabolism. is associated with many metabolic disorders, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, sleep non-alcoholic liver disease, some types cancer. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important in obesity related disorders. TLRs pattern-recognizing (PRRs) involved innate immune system recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) endogenous ligands. TLRs, especially TLR2 TLR4, activated by fatty acids, endotoxins, other TLR4 activation triggers inflammatory responses. Chronic inflammation driven TLR a hallmark diseases. The response triggered alters insulin signaling, contributing resistance, key feature syndrome type 2 diabetes. Modulation activity through lifestyle changes (diet exercise), surgery, pharmacological agents under study as possible therapeutic approach controlling complications.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Osteoimmunology in Periodontitis and Orthodontic Tooth Movement DOI

Bushra Alghamdi,

Hyeran Helen Jeon,

Jia Ni

и другие.

Current Osteoporosis Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(2), С. 128 - 146

Опубликована: Март 2, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

43
The Role of Gut Dysbiosis in the Loss of Intestinal Immune Cell Functions and Viral Pathogenesis DOI Creative Commons
Farzaneh Fakharian,

Siva Thirugnanam,

David A. Welsh

и другие.

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(7), С. 1849 - 1849

Опубликована: Июль 21, 2023

The gut microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining overall health and immune function. However, dysbiosis, an imbalance composition, can have profound effects on various aspects of human health, including susceptibility to viral infections. Despite numerous studies investigating the influence infections microbiome, impact dysbiosis infection pathogenesis remains relatively understudied. clinical variability observed SARS-CoV-2 seasonal influenza infections, presence natural HIV suppressors, suggests that host-intrinsic factors, may contribute pathogenesis. has been shown host system by regulating intestinal homeostasis through interactions with cells. This review aims enhance our understanding how perturb mucosal cells, affecting response Specifically, we focus exploring between gamma delta (γδ) T cells microbes context inflammatory examine highlighting disease outcomes. Furthermore, discuss emerging evidence potential future directions for modulation therapy

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

43
Protein-Based Adjuvants for Vaccines as Immunomodulators of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Response: Current Knowledge, Challenges, and Future Opportunities DOI Creative Commons
Diego A. Díaz-Dinamarca, Michelle L. Salazar,

Byron N. Castillo

и другие.

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(8), С. 1671 - 1671

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2022

New-generation vaccines, formulated with subunits or nucleic acids, are less immunogenic than classical vaccines live-attenuated inactivated pathogens. This difference has led to an intensified search for additional potent vaccine adjuvants that meet safety and efficacy criteria confer long-term protection. review provides overview of protein-based (PBAs) obtained from different organisms, including bacteria, mollusks, plants, humans. Notably, despite structural differences, all PBAs show significant immunostimulatory properties, eliciting B-cell- T-cell-mediated immune responses administered antigens, providing advantages over many currently adopted adjuvant approaches. Furthermore, natural biocompatible biodegradable substances induce minimal reactogenicity toxicity interact innate receptors, enhancing their endocytosis modulating subsequent adaptive responses. We propose can contribute the development against complex pathogens, intracellular pathogens such as

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

41
Impaired function of dendritic cells within the tumor microenvironment DOI Creative Commons
Zhihua Xiao, Ruiqi Wang, Xuyan Wang

и другие.

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2023

Dendritic cells (DCs), a class of professional antigen-presenting cells, are considered key factors in the initiation and maintenance anti-tumor immunity due to their powerful ability present antigen stimulate T-cell responses. The important role DCs controlling tumor growth mediating potent has been demonstrated various cancer models. Accordingly, infiltration stimulatory positively correlates with prognosis response immunotherapy variety solid tumors. However, accumulating evidence indicates that exhibit significantly dysfunctional state, ultimately leading an impaired immune effects immunosuppressive microenvironment (TME). Currently, numerous preclinical clinical studies exploring immunotherapeutic strategies better control tumors by restoring or enhancing activity tumors, such as popular DC-based vaccines. In this review, overview progression is provided, followed summary current advances understanding mechanisms which TME affects normal function DCs, concluding brief discussion for immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

36