Comprehensive Review of Aflatoxin and Ochratoxin A Dynamics: Emergence, Toxicological Impact, and Advanced Control Strategies

Foods, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(12), С. 1920 - 1920

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2024

Filamentous fungi exhibit remarkable adaptability to diverse substrates and can synthesize a plethora of secondary metabolites. These metabolites, produced in response environmental stimuli, not only confer selective advantages but also encompass potentially deleterious mycotoxins. Mycotoxins, exemplified by those originating from Alternaria, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium species, represent challenging hazards both human animal health, thus warranting stringent regulatory control. Despite frameworks, mycotoxin contamination remains pressing global challenge, particularly within cereal-based matrices their derived by-products, integral components diets. Strategies aimed at mitigating multifaceted approaches, including biological control modalities, detoxification procedures, innovative interventions like essential oils. However, hurdles persist, underscoring the imperative for interventions. This review elucidated prevalence, health ramifications, paradigms, evolving preventive strategies about two prominent mycotoxins, aflatoxins ochratoxin A. Furthermore, it explored emergence new fungal biocontrol methods using lactic acid bacteria mustard oil, emphasizing efficacy spoilage production. Through an integrative examination these facets, this endeavored furnish comprehensive understanding challenges posed emergent poised ameliorate its impact on food feed safety.

Язык: Английский

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Toxicodynamic of combined mycotoxins: MicroRNAs and acute‐phase proteins as diagnostic biomarkers

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 23(3)

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024

Abstract Mycotoxins, ubiquitous contaminants in food, present a global threat to human health and well‐being. Mitigation efforts, such as the implementation of sound agricultural practices, thorough food processing, advancement mycotoxin control technologies, have been instrumental reducing exposure associated toxicity. To comprehensively assess mycotoxins their toxicodynamic implications, deployment effective predictive strategies is imperative. Understanding manner action, transformation, cumulative toxic effects mycotoxins, moreover, interactions with matrices can be gleaned through gene expression transcriptome analyses at cellular molecular levels. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) govern target genes enzymes that play pivotal roles physiological, pathological, toxicological responses, whereas acute phase proteins (APPs) exert regulatory over metabolism therapeutic agents, both endogenously posttranscriptionally. Consequently, this review aims consolidate current knowledge concerning role miRNAs initiation pathways by explores potential APPs biomarkers following exposure. The findings research highlight utility indicators for detection management biological processes. These markers offer promising avenues enhancing safety quality products.

Язык: Английский

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Therapeutic Effect of Natural Products and Dietary Supplements on Aflatoxin-Induced Nephropathy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(5), С. 2849 - 2849

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Aflatoxins are harmful natural contaminants found in foods and known to be hepatotoxic. However, recent studies have linked chronic consumption of aflatoxins nephrotoxicity both animals humans. Here, we conducted a systematic review active compounds, crude extracts, herbal formulations, probiotics against aflatoxin-induced renal dysfunction, highlighting their mechanisms action vitro vivo studies. The products dietary supplements discussed this study alleviated oxidative stress, inflammation, tissue damage, markers function, mostly animal models. Therefore, the information provided may improve management kidney disease associated with aflatoxin exposure potentially aid feed supplementation. future research is warranted translate outcomes into clinical use patients.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Mixing Ratio and Lactic Acid Bacteria Preparation on the Quality of Whole-Plant Quinoa and Whole-Plant Corn or Stevia Powder Mixed Silage

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1), С. 78 - 78

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

Quinoa is the only single plant that can meet all nutritional needs of human, and its potential for feed utilization has been continuously explored, becoming a prosperous industry poverty alleviation. In order to further tap feeding value whole quinoa, develop quinoa as substitute conventional crops such corn, improve comprehensive rate, this experiment analyzed silage quality mycotoxin content mixed whole-plant (WPQ) with corn (WPC) or stevia powder(SP) in different proportions, improved by using two lactic acid bacteria preparations (Sila-Max Sila-Mix). The quality, microbial population, levels silage, well stevia, were evaluated single-factor analysis variance. impact various on whole-quinoa whole-corn was investigated through two-factor WPQ WPC at ratio 5:5 (QB5), 6:4 (QB6), 7:3 (QB7), 8:2 (QB8), 9:1 (QB9) 10:0 (QB10). SP supplemental 0.2% (QB10S2), 0.4% (QB10S4), 0.6% (QB10S6), 0.8% (QB10S8) 1.0% (QB10S10). After 60 days indexes, number harmful microorganisms, measured, explore appropriate silage. membership function showed better, optimal addition amount 0.6%. results Max Mix improvement test formulations increased CP AA content, reduced NH3-N/TN; pH significantly lower than control group (p < 0.01), LA higher 0.01). count preparation molds aerobic bacteria, effect better Max. When mixing between QB7 QB10, mold not detected lactic-acid-bacteria groups. mycotoxins, both which far below range safety testing, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed microbiota varied ratios whether used. relative abundance Firmicutes, having more significant effect, especially QB6 (65.05%) (63.61%) Lactobacillus 0.05). Enterobacteriaceae Streptococcus negatively positively correlated level respectively. Comprehensive adding proportion no less 70% had best beneficial animal health.

Язык: Английский

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Dietary Catalase Supplementation Alleviates Deoxynivalenol-Induced Oxidative Stress and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Broiler Chickens

Toxins, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(12), С. 830 - 830

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2022

Catalase (CAT) can eliminate oxygen radicals, but it is unclear whether exogenous CAT protect chickens against deoxynivalenol (DON)-induced oxidative stress. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplemental on antioxidant property and gut microbiota in DON-exposed broilers. A total 144 one-day-old Lingnan yellow-feathered male broilers were randomly divided into three groups (six replicates/group): control, DON group, + (DONC) group. The control group received a diet without with contamination, respectively, while DONC DON-contaminated 200 U/kg added. Parameter analysis was performed d 21. results showed that DON-induced liver enlargement (p < 0.05) blocked by addition, which also normalized increases hepatic metabolites contents caspase-9 expression. Additionally, addition increased jejunal GSH-Px activities coupled T-AOC broilers, as well reductions villus height (VH) its ratio for crypt depth. There difference among groups. enriched some harmful bacteria (e.g., Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriales, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia/Shigella) elicited negative correlations activity, VH. differentially certain beneficial Acidobacteriota, Anaerofustis, Anaerotruncus) could benefit intestinal antioxidation morphology. In conclusion, alleviates stress damage be associated ability improve microbiota, aside from direct radical-scavenging activity.

Язык: Английский

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Maternal exposure to multiple mycotoxins and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective cohort study in rural Bangladesh

Archives of Toxicology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 97(6), С. 1795 - 1812

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023

There is limited and inconsistent evidence, primarily from cross-sectional studies, linking mycotoxins to adverse birth outcomes. This study investigates the potential role of maternal dietary exposure multiple in development several pregnancy We analyzed data 436 singleton pregnancies enrolled a prospective cohort rural Habiganj district, Bangladesh, between July 2018 November 2019. Thirty-five urinary mycotoxin biomarkers were quantified using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry used estimate exposure. Multivariable regression models, adjusted for confounding clustering, fitted assess associations frequently occurring (ochratoxin A-OTA, citrinin- CIT, Deoxynivalenol- DON) loss, preterm (PTB), low weight (LBW), born small-for-gestational-age (SGA) small-vulnerable newborn. The results indicate that only 16 (4%) urine samples free all investigated mycotoxins. Biomarkers six major detected samples. OTA (95%), CIT (61%), DON (6%) most detected, at least two co-occurring majority women (63%). was evidence intake associated higher odds having an LBW baby, increasing dose-dependent manner. found no PTB, SGA, newborns, OTA, DON, albeit large confidence intervals, so findings are consistent protective as well harmful effects. Exposure during widespread this community represents health risk mothers babies. Tailored public policies interventions must be implemented reduce lowest possible level.

Язык: Английский

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Simultaneous Detection of Ochratoxin A and Aflatoxin B1 Based on Stable Tuning Fork-shaped DNA Fluorescent Aptasensor

Journal of Fluorescence, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microorganism‐Mediated Neutralization of Mycotoxins: A Promising Approach to Combat Fungal Toxicity

Advanced Gut & Microbiome Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2024(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Mycotoxins, derived from fungi, pose significant threats to both human health and livestock well‐being. Their contamination of food feed supplies results in substantial economic losses annually. Various chemical physical methodologies are employed mitigate the toxicity associated with these toxins. However, utilization microorganism‐mediated biotransformation presents a particularly promising actively researched avenue for addressing challenges posed by mycotoxins enhancing safety protocols. The intestinal microbiota engages dynamic interplay mycotoxins, wherein disrupt microbial equilibrium within intestines elevate epithelial barrier permeability, thereby impacting ecosystem. Conversely, beneficial gut microbes possess capacity enzymatically degrade or sequester converting them into metabolites reduced negligible toxicity. This review encapsulates advancements biological detoxification as evidenced prior research endeavors. discussion encompasses repercussions mycotoxin exposure on animal health, alongside an examination microbial‐based strategies detoxification.

Язык: Английский

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Toxicokinetics of a Single Oral Dose of OTA on Dezhou Male Donkeys

Toxins, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(2), С. 88 - 88

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023

Ochratoxin (OTA) is widely present in a wide range of foods and feeds, causing adverse effects on animals humans. This study aims to explore the toxicokinetics OTA-contaminated materials Dezhou male donkey. Donkeys received single orally dose 2500 μg OTA/kg BW, obtained from Aspergillus ochraceus culture material. The concentrations OTA plasma collected at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45 min, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 120 h were detected by HPLC. eliminated urine feces quantified 6-h intervals up 24 then 4-h h. results suggested that maximum concentration was observed 12 after administration, with mean value 10.34 μg/mL. total excretion both about 10% intake until

Язык: Английский

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High‐pressure acidified steaming with varied citric acid dosing can successfully detoxify mycotoxins

Food Science & Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(6), С. 2677 - 2685

Опубликована: Март 17, 2023

Mycotoxins are toxic fungal metabolites that exert various toxicities, including leading to death in lethal doses. This study developed a novel high-pressure acidified steaming (HPAS) for detoxification of mycotoxins foods and feed. The raw materials, maize peanut/groundnut, were used the study. samples separated into processed categories. Processed treated using HPAS at different citric acid concentrations (CCC) adjusted pH 4.0, 4.5, 5.0. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit method analysis was determine levels grains, with specific focus on total aflatoxins (AT), B

Язык: Английский

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