Harnessing Non-Antibiotic Strategies to Counter Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Pathogens with Special Reference to Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Coatings

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1), С. 57 - 57

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance is a critical global challenge in the 21st century, validating Sir Alexander Fleming's warning about misuse of antibiotics leading to resistant microbes. With dwindling arsenal effective antibiotics, it imperative concentrate on alternative antimicrobial strategies. Previous studies have not comprehensively discussed advantages and limitations various strategies, including bacteriophage therapy, probiotics, immunotherapies, photodynamic essential oils, nanoparticles peptides (AMPs) within single review. This review addresses that gap by providing an overview these non-antibiotic highlighting their pros cons, with particular emphasis (AMPs). We explore mechanism action AMPs against bacteria, viruses, fungi parasites. While hold significant promise, application mainstream drug development hindered challenges such as low bioavailability potential toxicity. However, advancements peptide engineering chemical modifications offer solutions enhance clinical utility. Additionally, this presents updates strategies aimed at improving cost, stability selective toxicity through peptidomimetics. These molecules demonstrated activity broad range pathogens, making them valuable candidates for integration into surface coatings prevent device-associated infections. Furthermore, we discuss approaches attaching functionalising surfaces. Finally, recommend comprehensive vivo evaluate efficacy mimetics, investigate synergistic combinations other assess medical devices.

Язык: Английский

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A Comprehensive Overview of Antibacterial Agents for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: The Current Landscape, Development, Future Opportunities, and Challenges

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 221 - 221

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance poses a major public health challenge. The World Health Organization has identified 15 priority pathogens that require prompt development of new antibiotics. This review systematically evaluates the antibacterial most significant bacterial pathogens, currently available treatment options, as well complementary approaches for management infections caused by challenging multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. For carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, options include combinations beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase inhibitors, novel siderophore cephalosporin, known cefiderocol, older like polymixins tigecycline. Treatment Gram-positive bacteria are vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, etc. Although stagnated, various agents with properties in clinical preclinical trials. Non-antibiotic strategies encompass antibiotic potentiators, bacteriophage therapy, antivirulence therapeutics, antimicrobial peptides, nanomaterials, host-directed vaccines, antibodies, plant-based products, repurposed drugs, their combinations, including those used alongside Significant challenges exist developing antimicrobials, particularly related to scientific technical issues, along policy economic factors. Currently, alternative not part routine protocols. Conclusions Future Directions: There is an urgent need expedite treating MDR requires multidisciplinary approach involves collaboration across research, healthcare, regulatory bodies. Suggested crucial addressing this challenge should be backed rational use, enhanced infection control practices, improved surveillance systems emerging pathogens.

Язык: Английский

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Advancements in Antibacterial Therapy: Feature Papers

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(3), С. 557 - 557

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health crisis that threatens the efficacy of antibiotics and modern medical interventions. The emergence multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, exacerbated by misuse in healthcare agriculture, underscores urgent need for innovative solutions. (1) Background: AMR arises from complex interactions between human, animal, environmental health, further aggravated overuse inadequate regulation antibiotics. Conventional treatments are increasingly ineffective, necessitating alternative strategies. Emerging approaches, including bacteriophage therapy, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), nanotechnology, microbial extracellular vesicles (EVs), CRISPR-based antimicrobials, provide novel mechanisms complement traditional combating resistant pathogens. (2) Methods: This review critically analyzes advanced antibacterial strategies conjunction with systemic reforms such as stewardship programs, One Health framework, surveillance tools. These methods can enhance detection, guide interventions, promote sustainable practices. Additionally, economic, logistical, regulatory challenges impeding their implementation evaluated. (3) Results: technologies, CRISPR exhibit promising potential targeting mechanisms. However, disparities resource distribution barriers hinder widespread adoption. Public–private partnerships agriculture practices critical to overcoming these obstacles. (4) Conclusions: A holistic integrated approach essential mitigating impact AMR. By aligning therapeutic policies, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, ensuring equitable distribution, we develop response this 21st-century challenge.

Язык: Английский

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Antimicrobial peptide-based strategies to overcome antimicrobial resistance

Archives of Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 206(10)

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity of Urea-Containing α/β Hybrid Peptides against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

ACS Omega, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(2), С. 2102 - 2115

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

The insertion of β-amino acids and replacement the amide bond with a urea in antimicrobial peptide sequences are promising approaches to enhance antibacterial activity improve proteolytic stability. Herein, we describe synthesis, characterization, short αβ cationic hybrid peptides LAU-Orn-β3,3Ac6c-PEA, DY-01; LAU-Lys-β3,3Ac6c-PEA, DY-02; LAU-Arg-β3,3Ac6c-PEA, DY-03 which C12 lipid chain is conjugated at N terminus through bonds. Further, evaluated all against both Pseudomonas aeruginosa methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) their multidrug resistant (MDR) clinical isolates. All exhibited significant bactericidal efficacy minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 2.5 6.25 μM (1.4 3.9 μg/mL) P. its MDR isolates, whereas MIC 0.78 (0.45 MRSA isolates S. aureus. To understand potency mechanism action DY-01 DY-03, time-kill kinetics, biofilm inhibition disruption, synergistic interactions standard antibiotics, swarming motility, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, ex vivo infection assay were performed. SEM images revealed that exert membrane disruption mechanism. Additionally, negligible cytotoxicity was observed mammalian cell lines RAW 264.7 J774A.1, mild hemolysis higher concentrations. comprehensive assessments highlight potential for applications combating microbial infections.

Язык: Английский

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Emerging antimicrobial therapies for Gram-negative infections in human clinical use

npj Antimicrobials and Resistance, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 3(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

The growing problem of multi-drug resistance (MDR) is prevalent in Gram-negative infections, and the significant decline antibiotic development poses a critical threat to global public health. Many emerging non-antibiotic therapies have been proposed, including phage therapy, anti-virulence agents, antimicrobial peptides, plasmapheresis, immunotherapy options. To identify most likely be next immediate step treatment for MDR this review highlights therapeutics that either successfully used compassionate care or are currently undergoing clinical trials.

Язык: Английский

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Antimicrobial Peptides: The Game-Changer in the Epic Battle Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(11), С. 1555 - 1555

Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2024

The rapid progress of antibiotic resistance among bacteria has prompted serious medical concerns regarding how to manage multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. One emerging strategy combat is the use antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are amino acid chains that act as broad-spectrum molecules and essential parts innate immune system in mammals, fungi, plants. AMPs have unique antibacterial mechanisms offer benefits over conventional antibiotics combating drug-resistant Currently, scientists conducted multiple studies on for infections found a promising alternative antibiotics. On other hand, can develop several tactics resist bypass effect AMPs. Therefore, it like battle between community AMPs, but who will win? This review provides thorough insights into development well detailed information about terms their history classification. Furthermore, addresses action these mechanisms, ensure win this battle. Finally, updated FDA-approved those were still clinical trials. vital researchers therapeutic application novel

Язык: Английский

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The Role and Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Peptides in Overcoming Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Molecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(1), С. 128 - 128

Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2024

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are becoming more and common, which presents a serious threat to world health could eventually render many of the antibiotics we currently use useless. The research development innovative antimicrobial tactics that can defeat these hardy infections imperative in light this predicament. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), have attracted lot attention due their distinct modes action capacity elude conventional resistance mechanisms, among most promising tactics. As substitute for antibiotics, AMPs varied class naturally occurring compounds target membranes disrupt cellular activities demonstrate broad-spectrum activity. objective study is present thorough summary current knowledge regarding AMP mechanisms against MDR bacteria, including immunological modulation, interactions with microbial membranes, possible synergy used drugs. In addition, define review’s scope include recent developments research, emphasizing innovations’ development, optimization, therapeutic promise. We hope emphasize crucial role will play future therapy by bringing together highlighting issues. also advocate AMPs’ continued as part comprehensive strategy counteract growing antibiotic resistance.

Язык: Английский

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Antibiotic Stewardship in Silkworms: Navigating the Pros and Cons

Bacteria, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 4(1), С. 2 - 2

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

To safeguard against microbial diseases and maintain optimal silk yields, the sericulture industry relies on antibiotics to promote health, well-being, vitality of silkworms (Bombyx mori). Antibiotics are commonly incorporated into synthetic diets for rearing or included as key components in bed disinfectant formulations. The silkworm-rearing industry’s reliance has led concerns about development antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Previous research uncovered a dual role antibiotics: not only do they prevent disease, but also silkworm growth by reshaping gut microbiome enhancing nutrient absorption, highlighting need judicious use. Therefore, there is critical prudent management further exploration alternative growth-promoting strategies minimize resistance risks. This study investigates relationship between antibiotic administration growth, shedding light mechanisms underlying antibiotic-induced effects assessing risk antimicrobial (AMR) emergence dissemination.

Язык: Английский

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Nano-viscosimetry analysis of membrane disrupting peptide magainin2 interactions with model membranes

Biophysical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 318, С. 107390 - 107390

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Язык: Английский

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