International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
22(24), С. 13544 - 13544
Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2021
Two
classical
surgical
approaches
for
intraluminal
filament
middle
cerebral
artery
occlusion
(MCAO),
the
Longa
et
al.
(LM)
and
Koizumi
methods
(KM),
are
used
as
alternatives
in
preclinical
studies
to
induce
stroke
rodents.
Comparisons
of
these
MCAO
models
mice
showed
critical
differences
between
them
along
with
similarities
(Smith
2015;
Morris
2016).
In
this
study,
a
direct
comparison
MCAO-KM
MCAO-LM
rats
was
performed.
Three
days
after
MCAO,
infarct
volume,
mortality
rate,
neurological
deficit,
weight
loss
were
similar
models.
an
increase
ACTH
levels,
while
demonstrated
elevated
corticosterone
interleukin-1β
blood
serum.
Corticosterone
accumulation
detected
frontal
cortex
(FC)
hippocampus
group.
IL1β
beta
increased
ipsilateral
group
decreased
contralateral
FC
rats.
Differences
revealed
suggest
that
release
well
hippocampal
is
more
expressed
rats,
predisposing
corticosterone-dependent
distant
neuroinflammatory
damage.
The
two
models,
particularly,
malfunction
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
axis,
should
be
considered
interpretation,
comparison,
translation
pre-clinical
experimental
results.
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
244, С. 173849 - 173849
Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2024
Selective
serotonin
(5-HT)
reuptake
inhibitors
(SSRIs)
are
commonly
prescribed
to
women
during
pregnancy
and
breastfeeding
despite
posing
a
risk
of
adverse
cognitive
outcomes
affective
disorders
for
the
child.
The
consequences
SSRI-induced
excess
5-HT
development
brain
neuromodulatory
system
remain
largely
unexplored.
In
this
study,
an
SSRI
-
fluoxetine
(FLX)
was
administered
C57BL/6
J
mouse
dams
lactation
assess
its
effects
on
offspring.
We
found
that
maternal
FLX
decreased
field
potentials,
impaired
long-term
potentiation,
facilitated
depression
tended
increase
density
5-HTergic
fibers
in
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC)
female
but
not
male
adolescent
These
were
accompanied
by
deteriorated
performance
temporal
order
memory
task
reduced
sucrose
preference
with
no
change
marble
burying
behavior
FLX-exposed
also
axodendritic
tree
complexity
dorsal
raphe
nucleus
(DRN)
neurons
offspring,
changes
excitability
DRN
either
sex.
While
inhibitory
postsynaptic
currents
(sIPSCs)
found,
we
observed
significant
influence
exposure
kinetics
spontaneous
excitatory
(sEPSCs)
neurons.
Finally,
report
potentials
synaptic
plasticity
evident
mPFC
offspring
after
new
antidepressant,
vortioxetine.
findings
show
contrast
mPFC,
structure
function
mild
suggest
sex-dependent,
distinct
sensitivity
cortical
brainstem
early
life.
Vortioxetine
appears
exert
fewer
side
regards
when
compared
FLX.
Created
BioRender.com
•
Maternal
alters
cortex.
increases
innervation
reduces
more
pronounced
females
than
males.
vortioxetine
does
alter
plasticity.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2022
Increasing
evidence
indicates
that
the
pathogenesis
of
depression
is
closely
linked
to
impairments
in
neuronal
synaptic
plasticity.
Honokiol,
a
biologically
active
substance
extracted
from
Magnolia
Officinalis,
has
been
proven
exert
significant
antidepressant
effects.
However,
specific
mechanism
action
remains
unclear.
In
this
study,
PC12
cells
and
chronic
unpredictable
mild
stress
(CUMS)
model
rats
were
used
explore
effects
potential
mechanisms
honokiol
vitro
rats.
experiment,
cell
viability
detection
kit
was
screen
concentration
time
administration.
administered
with
hypoxia-inducible
factor-1α
(HIF-1α)
blocker,
2-methoxyestradiol
(2-ME),
vascular
endothelial
growth
factor
receptor
2
(VEGFR-2)
SU5416,
detect
expression
HIF-1α,
VEGF,
protein
1
(SYN
1),
postsynaptic
density
95
(PSD
95)
by
western
blotting.
effect,
we
investigated
whether
plasticity
dependent
on
HIF-1α-VEGF
pathway.
vivo,
behavioral
tests
evaluate
reproducibility
CUMS
depression-like
behaviors.
Molecular
biology
techniques
examine
mRNA
signaling
pathway
plasticity-related
regulators.
Additionally,
molecular
docking
study
interaction
between
target
proteins,
predict
their
binding
patterns
affinities.
Experimental
results
showed
significantly
reversed
CUMS-induced
Mechanically,
exerted
effect
enhancing
At
level,
can
activate
as
well
promote
levels
SYN
PSD
95.
Taken
together,
do
not
only
provide
an
experimental
basis
for
clinical
treatment
but
also
suggest
may
be
depression.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
149, С. 112925 - 112925
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2022
Anxiety
and
stress
disorders
are
often
characterized
by
an
inability
to
extinguish
learned
fear
responses.
Orexins/hypocretins
involved
in
the
modulation
of
aversive
memories,
dysregulation
this
system
may
contribute
aetiology
anxiety
pathological
fear.
The
mechanisms
which
orexins
regulate
unknown.
Here
we
investigated
role
endogenous
cannabinoid
impaired
extinction
induced
orexin-A
(OXA)
male
mice.
selective
inhibitor
2-arachidonoylglycerol
(2-AG)
biosynthesis
O7460
abolished
deficits
OXA.
Accordingly,
increased
2-AG
levels
were
observed
amygdala
hippocampus
mice
treated
with
OXA
that
do
not
fear,
suggesting
high
endocannabinoid
related
poor
extinction.
Impairment
was
associated
expression
CB2
receptor
(CB2R)
microglial
cells
basolateral
amygdala.
Consistently,
intra-amygdala
infusion
CB2R
antagonist
AM630
completely
blocked
promoted
Microglial
depletion
PLX5622
chow
also
prevented
these
deficits.
These
results
show
overactivation
orexin
leads
through
amygdalar
CB2R.
This
novel
mechanism
could
be
relevance
for
development
potential
approaches
treat
diseases
inappropriate
retention
such
as
post-traumatic
disorder,
panic
phobias.
Creativity
motivated
by
negative
intentions
can
be
referred
to
as
malevolent
creativity.
While
existing
findings
have
largely
focused
on
environmental
or
individual
factors
influencing
creativity,
less
attention
has
been
directed
towards
understanding
how
the
sense
of
place—derived
from
individual-environment
interaction—affects
Additionally,
role
coping
styles
mediating
mechanisms
in
environments
insufficiently
explored.
This
study
aims
investigate
relationship
between
place
and
while
examining
styles.
To
this
end,
a
paper-based
survey
was
conducted
among
1310
Chinese
high
school
students,
utilizing
Negative
Sense
Place
Scale,
Coping
Styles
Malevolent
Scale.
Data
were
analyzed
using
SPSS
26.0
Mplus
8.3.
The
revealed
that
environment
significantly
positively
predicted
also
associated
with
negatively
positive
Furthermore,
mediated
enriches
literature
elucidating
links
place,
styles,
These
provide
valuable
insights
for
strategies
aimed
at
reducing
creativity
preventing
harmful
creative
behaviors
educational
contexts.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Fear
can
be
induced
either
directly
through
self-experience
of
aversive
events
or
vicariously
by
observing
conspecifics
experiencing
such
events.
The
locus
coeruleus-norepinephrine
(LC-NA)
system
is
crucial
in
fear
responses
and
cognitive
processes.
We
investigated
whether
the
LC-NA
differentially
processes
these
two
types
fear,
direct
vicarious
male
mice.
results
highlighted
that
right
hemisphere
LC→anterior
cingulate
cortex
pathway
uniquely
for
while
inputs
to
LC—from
bed
nucleus
stria
terminalis
(BNST)
central
amygdala
(CeA)—differentially
contribute
processing.
BNST
plays
a
more
targeted
role
CeA
has
broader
influence
on
general.
This
underscores
complexity
specialization
within
fear-processing.
arises
vicariously,
with
involved
both.
Here,
authors
show
LC
→
ACC
key
provide
distinct
LC,
highlighting
its
complex
fear.
