Virtual Fly Brain—An interactive atlas of the Drosophila nervous system

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2023

As a model organism,

Язык: Английский

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Transforming descending input into behavior: The organization of premotor circuits in theDrosophilaMale Adult Nerve Cord connectome

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2023

Abstract In most animals, a relatively small number of descending neurons (DNs) connect higher brain centers in the animal’s head to circuits and motor (MNs) nerve cord body that effect movement limbs. To understand how signals generate behavior, it is critical these pathways are organized onto MNs. fly, Drosophila melanogaster , MNs controlling muscles leg, wing, other systems reside ventral (VNC), analogous mammalian spinal cord. companion papers, we introduced densely-reconstructed connectome Male Adult Nerve Cord (MANC, Takemura et al., 2023), including cell type developmental lineage annotation (Marin which provides complete VNC connectivity at synaptic resolution. Here, present first look organization networks connecting DNs based on this new information. We proofread curated all ensure accuracy reliability, then systematically matched DN axon terminals MN dendrites with light microscopy data link their morphology inputs or muscle targets. report both broad organizational patterns entire network fine-scale analysis selected interest. discover direct DN-MN connections infrequent identify communities intrinsic linked control different systems, putative for walking, dorsal flight steering power generation, intermediate lower tectulum coordinated action wings legs. Our generates hypotheses future functional experiments and, together MANC connectome, empowers others investigate richer mechanistic detail.

Язык: Английский

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A rise-to-threshold process for a relative-value decision

Nature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 619(7970), С. 563 - 571

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2023

Abstract Whereas progress has been made in the identification of neural signals related to rapid, cued decisions 1–3 , less is known about how brains guide and terminate more ethologically relevant which an animal’s own behaviour governs options experienced over minutes 4–6 . Drosophila search for many seconds egg-laying sites with high relative value 7,8 have neurons, called oviDNs, whose activity fulfills necessity sufficiency criteria initiating egg-deposition motor programme 9 Here we show that oviDNs express a calcium signal (1) dips when egg internally prepared (ovulated), (2) drifts up down minutes—in manner influenced by substrates—as fly determines whether lay (3) reaches consistent peak level just before abdomen bend deposition. This apparent cell bodies brain it probably reflects behaviourally rise-to-threshold process ventral nerve cord, where synaptic terminals are located their output can influence behaviour. We provide perturbational evidence initiated once this hits threshold subthreshold variation regulates time spent considering and, ultimately, choice taken. Finally, identify small recurrent circuit feeds into each its constituent types required laying egg. These results argue relative-value, self-paced decision initial insight underlying mechanism building process.

Язык: Английский

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Systematic annotation of a complete adult maleDrosophilanerve cord connectome reveals principles of functional organisation

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2023

Summary Nervous systems function as ensembles of neurons communicating via synaptic connections, and a functional understanding nervous requires extensive knowledge their connectomes. In companion paper (Takemura et al., 2023), we describe the acquisition complete fruit fly nerve cord connectome, first for an animal that can walk or fly. Here, to efficiently navigate appreciate biological significance this categorise name nearly all systematically link them experimental literature. We employ system hierarchical coarse annotations group similar across midline segments, then define systematic cell types sensory neurons, intrinsic ascending non-motor efferent neurons. Stereotyped arrays neuroblasts generate related neuron populations called hemilineages repeat segments cord. confirm larval-born from given hemilineage generally express same neurotransmitter but find earlier born often different one. match over 35% intrinsic, ascending, defining serial sets which were crucial typing motor assign modality 5000 cluster by connectivity, identify serially homologous layered organisation likely corresponding peripheral topography. Finally, present selected examples circuits predicated on programmatic analysis VNC connectome. Our are critical analysing structure descending input output, both described in third (Cheong 2023). These being released part neuprint.janelia.org clio.janelia.org web applications also serve basis connectome through dedicated tools paper.

Язык: Английский

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Female reproductive dormancy in Drosophila is regulated by DH31-producing neurons projecting into the corpus allatum

Development, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 150(10)

Опубликована: Май 15, 2023

ABSTRACT Female insects can enter reproductive diapause, a state of suspended egg development, to conserve energy under adverse environments. In many insects, including the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, also frequently called dormancy, is induced low-temperature and short-day conditions by downregulation juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis in corpus allatum (CA). this study, we demonstrate that neuropeptide Diuretic 31 (DH31) produced brain neurons project into CA plays an essential role regulating dormancy suppressing JH adult D. melanogaster. The expresses gene encoding DH31 receptor, which required for DH31-triggered elevation intracellular cAMP CA. Knocking down Dh31 these CA-projecting or receptor suppresses decrease titer, normally observed dormancy-inducing conditions, leading abnormal yolk accumulation ovaries. Our findings provide first molecular genetic evidence demonstrating peptidergic play biosynthesis.

Язык: Английский

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