Cognitive-Affective Functions of the Cerebellum

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(45), С. 7554 - 7564

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

The cerebellum, traditionally associated with motor coordination and balance, also plays a crucial role in various aspects of higher-order function dysfunction. Emerging research has shed light on the cerebellum's broader contributions to cognitive, emotional, reward processes. influence autonomic further highlights its significance regulating motivational emotional states. Perturbations cerebellar development have been implicated neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. An increasing appreciation for neuropsychiatric symptoms that arise from dysfunction underscores importance elucidating circuit mechanisms underlie complex interactions between cerebellum other brain regions comprehensive understanding behavior. By briefly discussing new advances mapping affective, autonomic, social processing reviewing neuropathology beyond domain, this Mini-Symposium review aims provide broad perspective intersections limbic health disease.

Язык: Английский

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The cerebellum and its connections to other brain structures involved in motor and non-motor functions: A comprehensive review

Behavioural Brain Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 465, С. 114933 - 114933

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Cerebellar contribution to the regulation of defensive states

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Март 31, 2023

Despite fine tuning voluntary movement as the most prominently studied function of cerebellum, early human studies suggested cerebellar involvement emotion regulation. Since, cerebellum has been associated with various mood and anxiety-related conditions. Research in animals provided evidence for contributions to fear memory formation extinction. Fear anxiety can broadly be referred defensive states triggered by threat characterized multimodal adaptations such behavioral cardiac responses integrated into an intricately orchestrated defense reaction. This is mediated evolutionary conserved, highly interconnected network defense-related structures functional connections cerebellum. Projections from deep nucleus interpositus central amygdala interfere retention memory. Several uncovered tight between nuclei pyramis midbrain periaqueductal grey. Specifically, fastigial sends direct projections ventrolateral PAG mediate fear-evoked innate learned freezing behavior. The also regulates cardiovascular blood pressure heart rate-effects dependent on medullary regulatory structures. Because integrated, nature states, their adaptive regulation dynamic enable responding a moving threatening stimulus. In this, predicting occurrence are crucial functions calculating adequate responses. Based its role prediction error generation, connectivity limbic regions, previous results learning, this review presents regulator cardio-behavioral states.

Язык: Английский

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Cerebellar control of fear learning via the cerebellar nuclei–Multiple pathways, multiple mechanisms?

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Май 9, 2023

Fear learning is mediated by a large network of brain structures and the understanding their roles interactions constantly progressing. There multitude anatomical behavioral evidence on interconnection cerebellar nuclei to other in fear network. Regarding nuclei, we focus coupling fastigial nucleus relation dentate ventral tegmental area. Many that receive direct projections from are playing role expression or extinction learning. We propose cerebellum, via its limbic system, acts as modulator learning, using prediction-error signaling regulation related thalamo-cortical oscillations.

Язык: Английский

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Multi-Trajectories of Intrinsic Capacity Decline and Their Impact on Age-Related Outcomes: A 20-Year National Longitudinal Cohort Study

Aging and Disease, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

The existence of intrinsic capacity (IC) subtypes and their distinct impacts on age-related outcomes remain unexplored. This study sought to investigate IC impairment trajectories across domains associations with the risk outcomes, including falls, functional limitations, reduced quality life (QoL) mortality at 4- 8-year follow-ups. sample comprised 1,782 older adults residing in community from Taiwan Longitudinal Study Ageing (TLSA). Utilizing group-based multitrajectory modeling, decline various were identified. Cox proportional hazard models multivariable logistic regression analyses employed assess between identified outcomes. We four decline: robust mild (n=902), hearing loss cognitive (n=197), physio-cognitive (PCD) depression (n=373), severe (n=310). Over 4-year period, compared group, group exhibited a significantly higher diminished QoL (OR=2.53 [1.66-3.86], p<0.01), whereas those PCD experienced an elevated falls (OR=1.62 [1.18-2.23], as well limitation (OR=2.61 [1.81-3.75], p<.01). Individuals faced substantially increased all interest. Distinct different have varying highlighting need for personalized approach promote healthy ageing population level, while further investigation into specific pathophysiological mechanisms is warranted well.

Язык: Английский

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The cerebellum and the Mirror Neuron System: A matter of inhibition? From neurophysiological evidence to neuromodulatory implications. A narrative review

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 164, С. 105830 - 105830

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024

Mirror neurons show activity during both the execution (AE) and observation of actions (AO). The Neuron System (MNS) could be involved motor imagery (MI) as well. Extensive research suggests that cerebellum is interconnected with MNS may critically in its activities. We gathered evidence on cerebellum's role functions, theoretically experimentally. Evidence shows plays a major AO MI lesions impair functions likely because, by modulating cortical inhibitory interneurons mirror properties, contribute to visuomotor matching, which fundamental for shaping properties. Indeed, strengthen sensory-motor patterns minimise discrepancy between predicted actual outcome, AE AO. Furthermore, through connections hippocampus, might internal simulations programs MI. Finally, cerebellar neuromodulation improve impact activity, we explored potential neurophysiological neurorehabilitation implications.

Язык: Английский

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Amygdala Function, Blood Flow, and Functional Connectivity in Nonclinical Schizotypy

Schizophrenia Bulletin, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 51(Supplement_2), С. S173 - S182

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Schizotypy can be utilized as a phenotypic risk marker for schizophrenia and its spectrum might relate to putative dimensional biological markers of the psychosis spectrum. Among these are amygdala function structure, which impaired in schizophrenia, but possibly also correlated with subclinical expression schizotypy nonclinical samples. We tested whether different parameters relating would healthy subjects relatively higher vs lower traits. Sixty-three psychiatrically (42 21 scores, selected on basis Oxford-Liverpool Inventory Feelings Experiences positive subscale) underwent multimodal imaging protocol, including functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) during task-based emotional (fearful) face recognition paradigm, arterial spin labeling measurement regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at rest, resting-state fMRI connectivity (FC) analyses, well T1-weighted structural MRI scan. The high group showed significantly right activation viewing fearful images FC left cerebellum cluster, no differences rCBF or volume. Our findings demonstrate functionally relevant effect absence baseline macroscopic structure. This suggests that while affect some brain, certain effects only emerge cognitive triggers.

Язык: Английский

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Abnormalities in brain complexity in children with autism spectrum disorder: a sleeping state functional MRI study

BMC Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

The theory of complexity loss in neurodivergent brain is widely acknowledged. However, the findings autism research do not seem to align well with this theory. We aim investigate children ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorders) compared TD (Typical Developed) sleeping state. 42 and were imaged using sleep-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (ss-fMRI), was analyzed by employing sample entropy (SampEn) transfer (TE). For group, we also investigated relationship symptom severity SampEn TE. In group showed significant increased right inferior frontal gyrus. TD, 13 pairs regions exhibit higher TE group. 5 than This sleeping-state fMRI study provide evidence that exhibited aberrant compare children. autistic composed randomness activity anomalous information transmission between regions. believe a highly valuable area research. Differences local regions, as may be related observed ASD.

Язык: Английский

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A Purkinje cell to parabrachial nucleus pathway enables broad cerebellar influence over the forebrain

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26(11), С. 1929 - 1941

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Variations on the theme: focus on cerebellum and emotional processing

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Май 10, 2023

The cerebellum operates exploiting a complex modular organization and unified computational algorithm adapted to different behavioral contexts. Recent observations suggest that the is involved not just in motor but also emotional cognitive processing. It therefore critical identify specific regional connectivity microcircuit properties of cerebellum. studies are highlighting differential localization genes, molecules, synaptic mechanisms wiring. However, impact these differences fully understood will require experimental investigation modeling. This review focuses on cellular circuit underpinnings cerebellar role emotion. And since emotion involves an integration cognitive, somatomotor, autonomic activity, we elaborate tradeoff between segregation distribution three main functions

Язык: Английский

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