Gut Bacteroides species in health and disease

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

The functional diversity of the mammalian intestinal microbiome far exceeds that host organism, and microbial genes contribute substantially to well-being host. However, beneficial gut organisms can also be pathogenic when present in or other locations body. Among dominant bacteria are several species

Язык: Английский

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Effect of Diet and Dietary Components on the Composition of the Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(8), С. 2795 - 2795

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2021

Diet and dietary components have profound effects on the composition of gut microbiota are among most important contributors to alteration in bacterial flora. This review examines “Western”, “plant-based”, “high-fat”, “medical ketogenic”, “Mediterranean” diets both mice human subjects. We show that specific commonly found “plant-based” diet play a role shifting microbial composition. further evaluates metabolites associated with diet, their systemic inflammation metabolic endotoxemia. Furthermore, associations between diet/dietary altering composition, may lead potential therapeutic targets for type II diabetes, obesity, inflammatory diseases.

Язык: Английский

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You Are What You Eat—The Relationship between Diet, Microbiota, and Metabolic Disorders—A Review

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 12(4), С. 1096 - 1096

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2020

The gut microbiota (GM) is defined as the community of microorganisms (bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses) colonizing gastrointestinal tract. GM regulates various metabolic pathways in host, including those involved energy homeostasis, glucose and lipid metabolism, bile acid metabolism. relationship between alterations intestinal diseases associated with civilization well documented. dysbiosis pathogenesis diverse diseases, such syndrome, cardiovascular celiac disease, inflammatory bowel neurological disorders. Multiple factors modulate composition how it physically functions, but one major triggering establishment diet. In this paper, we reviewed current knowledge about nutrition, microbiota, host status. We described macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, fat) different dietary patterns (e.g., Western-style diet, vegetarian Mediterranean diet) interact activity GM, bacterial has an influence on disorders, obesity, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia.

Язык: Английский

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Considering Plant-Based Meat Substitutes and Cell-Based Meats: A Public Health and Food Systems Perspective

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 4

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2020

Over the past decade, there has been growing interest in development and production of plant-based cell-based alternatives to farmed meat. Although promoted for their capacity avoid or reduce environmental, animal welfare, and, some cases, public health problems associated with meat consumption, little research critically evaluated broader potential food systems implications alternatives. This review explores key health, economic, policy related consumption substitutes meats, how they compare those production. Based on limited evidence date, it is unknown whether replacing meats would offer comparable nutritional chronic disease reduction benefits as whole legumes. Production substitutes, however, may involve smaller environmental impacts compared though relative differ significantly depending type products under comparison. Research date suggests that many purported are largely speculative. Demand both dependence livestock be raised slaughtered production, although will require further technological developments completely remove animal-based inputs. The socioeconomic political merit research. An additional factor consider much existing funded commissioned by companies developing these products, other organizations promoting products. revealed a number gaps exploration, ideally independently peer-reviewed studies, inform conversation around commercialization meats.

Язык: Английский

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Diet and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health

Advances in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 12(4), С. 1239 - 1285

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2020

Язык: Английский

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The Effects of High-Protein Diets on Kidney Health and Longevity

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 31(8), С. 1667 - 1679

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2020

Although high-protein diets continue to be popular for weight loss and type 2 diabetes, evidence suggests that worsening renal function may occur in individuals with-and perhaps without-impaired kidney function. High dietary protein intake can cause intraglomerular hypertension, which result hyperfiltration, glomerular injury, proteinuria. It is possible long-term high lead

Язык: Английский

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The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(11), С. 4144 - 4144

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2021

Plant-based diets, defined here as including both vegan and lacto-ovo-vegetarian are growing in popularity throughout the Western world for various reasons, concerns human health of planet. diets more environmentally sustainable than meat-based have a reduced environmental impact, producing lower levels greenhouse gas emissions. Dietary guidelines normally formulated to enhance society, reduce risk chronic diseases, prevent nutritional deficiencies. We reviewed scientific data on plant-based summarize their preventative therapeutic role cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis. Consuming is safe effective all stages life cycle, from pregnancy lactation, childhood, old age. which high fiber polyphenolics, also associated with diverse gut microbiota, metabolites that anti-inflammatory functions may help manage disease processes. Concerns about adequate intake number nutrients, vitamin B12, calcium, D, iron, zinc, omega-3 fats, discussed. The use fortified foods and/or supplements well appropriate food choices outlined each nutrient. Finally, suggested professionals working clients consuming diets.

Язык: Английский

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Current Prospects of Nutraceuticals: A Review

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(10), С. 884 - 896

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2020

Nutraceuticals are dietary supplements, utilized to ameliorate health, delay senescence, prevent diseases, and support the proper functioning of human body. Currently, nutraceuticals gaining substantial attention due nutrition therapeutic potentials. Based on their sources, they categorized as supplements herbal bioactive compounds. The global market for nutraceutical is huge i.e. approximately USD 117 billion. Herbal helps in maintaining health promoting optimal longevity, quality life. Studies have shown promising results treat several such cancer, neurodegenerative cardiovascular etc. In present review, an overview various ingredients that act (carbohydrates, lipids, edible flowers, alkaloids, medicinal plants, etc.) role benefits, has been discussed. Further application prevention diseases also

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbial Dysbiosis in the Pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and Metabolic Disorders

Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 27(1), С. 19 - 34

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2020

Of all microorganisms in the human body, largest and most complex population resides gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The gut microbiota continuously adapts to host environment serves multiple critical functions for their hosts, including regulating immunity, procuring energy from food, preventing colonization of pathogens. Mounting evidence has suggested microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) as a core pathophysiology development GI motility metabolic disorders, such irritable bowel syndrome diabetes. Current research focused on discovering associations between these disorders dysbiosis; however, whether are consequence or cause is still mostly unexplored. State-of-the-art studies have investigated how microbes communicate with our body systems through microbiota-derived metabolites they able modulate physiology. There now mounting that alterations composition small intestinal an association dysmotility disorders. Although treatment options dysbiosis currently limited, antibiotics, fecal transplantation, probiotics, dietary interventions best options. However, broad-spectrum antibiotics been viewed skepticism due risk developing antibiotic resistant bacteria. Studies warranted elucidate cellular molecular pathways underlying microbiota-host crosstalk powerful platform future therapeutic approaches. Here, we review recent literature and/or interactions involved

Язык: Английский

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Implication of Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Gut Dysbiosis and Diseases

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(2), С. 289 - 289

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2022

The intestinal mucosal barrier, also referred to as is widely recognized a critical player in gut homeostasis maintenance it ensures the complex crosstalk between microbes (both commensals and pathogens) host immune system. Highly specialized epithelial cells constantly cope with several protective harmful agents maintain multiple physiological functions of barrier well its integrity. However, both genetic defects environmental factors can break such equilibrium, thus promoting dysbiosis, dysregulated immune-inflammatory responses, even development chronic pathological conditions. Here, we review discuss molecular cellular pathways underlying structural functional homeostasis, focusing on potential alterations that may undermine this fine balance.

Язык: Английский

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