Neuroprotective Potentials of Flavonoids: Experimental Studies and Mechanisms of Action

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(2), С. 280 - 280

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2023

Neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, particularly those related to aging, are on the rise, but drug therapies rarely curative. Functional disorders organic degeneration of nervous tissue often have complex causes, in which phenomena oxidative stress, inflammation cytotoxicity intertwined. For these reasons, search for natural substances that can slow down or counteract pathologies has increased rapidly over last two decades. In this paper, studies neuroprotective effects flavonoids (especially most widely used, hesperidin quercetin) animal models depression, neurotoxicity, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Parkinson’s reviewed. The literature topics amounts a few hundred publications vitro vivo (notably rodents) provides us with very detailed picture action mechanisms targets substances. These include decrease enzymes produce reactive oxygen ferroptosis, inhibition mono-amine oxidases, stimulation Nrf2/ARE system, induction brain-derived neurotrophic factor production and, case AD, prevention amyloid-beta aggregation. neuroinflammatory processes been documented as cytokine formation (mainly TNF-alpha IL-1beta) by microglia astrocytes, modulating number regulatory proteins such Nf-kB NLRP3/inflammasome. Although clinical trials humans still scarce, preclinical allow consider hesperidin, quercetin, other interesting safe dietary molecules be further investigated complementary treatments order prevent diseases moderate their deleterious effects.

Язык: Английский

---

Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Neuroprotective Effects of Polyphenols—Polyphenols as an Element of Diet Therapy in Depressive Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 2258 - 2258

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2023

Depressive disorders can affect up to 350 million people worldwide, and in developed countries, the percentage of patients with depressive may be as high 10%. During depression, activation pro-inflammatory pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased markers oxidative stress, a reduction antioxidant effectiveness body are observed. It is estimated that approximately 30% depressed do not respond traditional pharmacological treatments. However, more attention being paid influence active ingredients food on course risk neurological disorders, including depression. The possibility using foods containing polyphenols an element diet therapy depression was analyzed review. whether consumption products such could alleviate or prevent progression it also considered. Results from preclinical studies demonstrate potential phenolic compounds have reduce behaviors by regulating factors related neuroinflammation, modulation intestinal microbiota.

Язык: Английский

---

Treatment of gastric ulcer, traditional Chinese medicine may be a better choice

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 324, С. 117793 - 117793

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Quercetin reshapes gut microbiota homeostasis and modulates brain metabolic profile to regulate depression-like behaviors induced by CUMS in rats

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

Quercetin, an abundant flavonoid compound in plants, is considered a novel antidepressant; however, its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects quercetin on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression-like behaviors rats and explore underlying by combining untargeted metabolomics 16S rRNA sequencing analysis brain tissue metabolites gut microbiota. Gut microbiota revealed that at phylum level, reduced Firmicutes Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio enhanced Cyanobacteria . At genus downregulated 6 upregulated 14 bacterial species. Metabolomics regulated multiple metabolic pathways, including glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, sphingolipid metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, coenzyme A biosynthesis. modulation leads improvements phenotypes, anxiety-like cognitive function, highlighting potential treating depression.

Язык: Английский

---

Quercetin increases the antidepressant‐like effects of sclareol and antagonizes diazepam in thiopental sodium‐induced sleeping mice: A possible GABAergic transmission intervention

Phytotherapy Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(5), С. 2198 - 2214

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024

Abstract Quercetin is the most common polyphenolic flavonoid present in fruits and vegetables demonstrating versatile health‐promoting effects. This study aimed to examine effects of quercetin (QR) sclareol (SCL) on thiopental sodium (TS)‐induced sleeping forced swimming test (FST) mouse models. SCL (1, 5, 10 mg/kg, p.o .) or QR (50 p.o.) and/or diazepam (DZP) (3 i.p.) were employed. After 30 min TS induction, individual combined animals checked. In FST test, subjected after administration controls for 5 min. this case, immobility time was measured. silico studies conducted evaluate involvement GABA receptors. (5 mg/kg) significantly increased latency decreased compared control TS‐induced study. DZP showed a sedative‐like effect both studies. exhibited similar pattern activity as SCL. However, its more prominent than those groups. (10 altered DZP‐3‐mediated SCL‐10 co‐treated with QR‐50 ( p < 0.05) sleep time, suggesting possible synergistic antidepressant‐like revealed that demonstrated better binding affinities GABAA receptor, especially α 2 , 3 subunits. Both compounds also good ADMET drug‐like properties. animal studies, worked synergistically provide slightly different fashion. As conclusion, may be used upcoming neurological clinical trials, according vivo findings. additional investigation necessary verify behavior clarify potential mechanism action.

Язык: Английский

---

Jiao-tai-wan and its effective component-berberine improve diabetes and depressive disorder through the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 324, С. 117829 - 117829

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Jiao-tai-wan (JTW), a classic herbal formula of traditional Chinese medicine recorded in Han Shi Yi Tong, has been used to alleviate sleep disorders since ancient times. In modern pharmacological research, JTW adopted for treating diabetes mellitus and even exerts antidepressant effects. However, the potential mechanisms deserve further elucidation. The prevalence combined with depressive disorder (DD) is continuing increase, yet it currently under-recognized its treatment remains inadequate. present study aims explore underlying therapeutics on DD. Chronic restraint stress was db/db mice construct mouse model therapeutic effects were assessed by glucolipid metabolic indexes, behavioral tests, depression-related neurotransmitter levels. inflammatory status cell apoptosis different investigated changes cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway detected. Combining results fingerprinting molecular docking, active components screened. A cellular constructed intervention glucose corticosterone (CORT). levels neurotransmitters HT-22 cells examined, tested. Finally, activator inhibitor PKA protein reverse validation experiments. could improve impaired tolerance, lipid metabolism disorders, depression-like symptoms DD mice. Meanwhile, status, suppress microglia activation, hippocampal neuron dual might be associated activation pathway. Berberine (Ber) identified vitro experiment, up-regulate levels, Ber related as well. exert both hypoglycemic through activating signaling pathway, component, Ber, damage induced CORT via may one effective JTW.

Язык: Английский

---

The therapeutic effects of saikosaponins on depression through the modulation of neuroplasticity: From molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 201, С. 107090 - 107090

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Depression is a major global health issue that urgently requires innovative and precise treatment options. In this context, saikosaponin has emerged as promising candidate, offering variety of therapeutic benefits may be effective in combating depression. This review delves into the multifaceted potential saikosaponins alleviating depressive symptoms. We summarized effects on structural functional neuroplasticity, elaborated regulatory mechanism modulating key factors affect such inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, oxidative stress, brain-gut axis. Moreover, paper highlights existing gaps current researches outlines directions for future studies. A detailed plan provided clinical application saikosaponins, advocating more targeted to speed up its transition from preclinical trials practice.

Язык: Английский

---

Integrating network pharmacology with molecular docking to rationalize the ethnomedicinal use of Alchornea laxiflora (Benth.) Pax & K. Hoffm. for efficient treatment of depression

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

Background: Alchornea laxiflora (Benth.) Pax &amp; K. Hoffm. (A. laxiflora) has been indicated in traditional medicine to treat depression. However, scientific rationalization is still lacking. Hence, this study aimed investigate the antidepressant potential of A. using network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis. Materials methods: The active compounds targets depression-related were retrieved from public databases, such as PubMed, PubChem, DisGeNET, GeneCards, OMIM, SwissTargetprediction, BindingDB, STRING, DAVID. Essential bioactive compounds, targets, signaling pathways predicted silico analysis, including BA-TAR, PPI, BA-TAR-PATH construction, GO KEGG pathway enrichment Later on, with interaction essential core depression verified. Results: approach identified 15 a total 219 compound-related 14,574 200 intersecting between them. SRC, EGFR, PIK3R1, AKT1, MAPK1 whereas 3-acetyloleanolic acid 3-acetylursolic most anti-depressant potential. functional analysis revealed 129 terms, 82 biological processes, 14 cellular components, 34 function terms. yielded significantly enriched 108 pathways. Out them, PI3K-Akt MAPK might have key role treating Molecular results exhibited that depression, MAPK1, bind stably analyzed laxiflora. Conclusion: present elucidates pertinent mechanism action . exert an effect by regulating further investigations are required validate.

Язык: Английский

---

Bupleurum in Treatment of Depression Disorder: A Comprehensive Review

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(4), С. 512 - 512

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2024

The incidence of depression has been steadily rising in recent years, making it one the most prevalent mental illnesses. As pursuit novel antidepressant drugs captivates pharmaceutical field, therapeutic efficacy Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) widely explored. Chaihu (

Язык: Английский

---

Enhancement of Cognitive Benefits and Anti-Anxiety Effects of Phytolacca americana Fruits in a Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Model of Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1), С. 97 - 97

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Phytolacca americana fruits exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This study aims to investigate the phenolic profile hydroethanolic extracts from both fresh (PEC) dried (PEU) P. using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) evaluate their impact on anxiety-like behavior, memory, oxidative stress, cholinergic status in zebrafish (Danio rerio, Tübingen strain) treated with scopolamine (SCO, 100 μM). Acute administration PEC PEU (0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/L) was conducted for one hour per day. In silico analyses were performed pharmacokinetic characteristics compounds discerned two extracts, platforms such as SwissAdme, Molinspiration, ProToX-III, AdmetLab 3.0, PKCSM, PASS. Anxiety-like behavior memory performance assessed through specific behavioral assays, novel tank test (NTT), light/dark (LD), approach (NAT), Y-maze, object recognition (NOR). Subsequently, activity acetylcholinesterase (AChE) extent stress brain investigated. Our findings suggest that possess anxiolytic effects, alleviating SCO-induced anxiety enhancing cognitive amnesic zebrafish. Furthermore, these demonstrated ability mitigate deficits by inhibiting AChE supporting antioxidant defense mechanisms increased enzymes reduced lipid protein peroxidation. These results highlight potential use fruit managing impairments related dementia conditions.

Язык: Английский

---