Sarcopenia and Cardiogeriatrics: The Links Between Skeletal Muscle Decline and Cardiovascular Aging

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 282 - 282

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Sarcopenia, an age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, is increasingly recognized as a significant condition the aging population, particularly among those with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This review provides comprehensive synthesis of interplay between sarcopenia cardiogeriatrics, emphasizing shared mechanisms such chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), hormonal dysregulation, oxidative stress, physical inactivity. Despite advancements diagnostic frameworks, EWGSOP2 AWGS definitions, variability criteria assessment methods continues to challenge standardization. Key tools include dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) bioimpedance analysis (BIA) for alongside functional measures grip strength gait speed. The highlights bidirectional relationship conditions heart failure, aortic stenosis, atherosclerotic disease, which exacerbate each other through complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting mTOR pathway, NAD+ metabolism, senescence-related processes offer promise mitigating sarcopenia’s progression. Additionally, integrated interventions combining resistance training, nutritional optimization, novel anti-aging therapies hold potential improving outcomes. paper underscores critical gaps evidence, including need longitudinal studies establish causality validation advanced approaches clinical settings. Future research should leverage multi-omics technologies machine learning identify biomarkers personalize interventions. Addressing these challenges essential reducing burden enhancing quality life elderly individuals comorbid conditions. aims guide future promote effective, individualized management strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenia: how to determine and manage

Knee Surgery and Related Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 37(1)

Опубликована: Март 17, 2025

Abstract Background Understanding sarcopenia is becoming increasingly important as society ages. This comprehensive review covers the definition, epidemiology, causes, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, management, and future directions for management of sarcopenia, major issues related to in knee joint. Main text Sarcopenia, a condition aging, characterized by decreased muscle mass strength, which significantly affects physical function. Its prevalence may vary region age, with reports up 50% elderly population. The potential causes include neurodegeneration, poor nutrition, changes hormonal effects, elevated levels proinflammatory cytokines, reduced activation satellite cells. Various pathogeneses, such apoptosis, proteolysis, inhibition signaling increasing mass, contribute development sarcopenia. Generally, diagnostic criteria are based on performance, can be assessed using various equipment clinical tests. A healthy lifestyle consisting balanced diet, sufficient protein intake, regular exercise recommended prevent involves resistance exercise, proper deprescribing from polypharmacy. In future, pharmacological treatment personalized nutrition become alternative options Finally, since associated osteoarthritis outcomes after total arthroplasty, appropriate physicians treating knee-related conditions. Conclusions Sarcopenia significant pathological that needs recognized, especially older Although common aging occurs, it prevented lifestyle. Currently, there no approved drugs sarcopenia; however, nutritional supplementation essential methods managing sarcopenic Given its diverse approach necessary effectively manage prevention effective osteoarthritis.

Язык: Английский

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Changes in the gut microbiota of patients with sarcopenia based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2024

Sarcopenia, an age-related disease, has become a major public health concern, threatening muscle and daily functioning in older adults around the world. Changes gut microbiota can affect skeletal metabolism, but exact association is unclear. The richness of refers to number different species sample, while diversity not only considers also evenness their abundances. Alpha comprehensive metric that measures both (richness) abundances, thereby providing thorough understanding composition structure community.

Язык: Английский

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Utilizing zebrafish models to elucidate mechanisms and develop therapies for skeletal muscle atrophy

Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 123357 - 123357

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Lipid peroxidation and sarcopenia: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic approaches

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Sarcopenia is an age-related condition characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. With global aging population, its incidence rapidly increasing. Lipid peroxidation a critical biochemical process that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to destruction cell structure function. It plays pivotal role in onset progression sarcopenia. This review summarizes mechanisms which lipid contributes sarcopenia, with focus on regulatory effects membrane damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, death. In addition, we discuss protective antioxidant factors such as GPX4 (glutathione peroxidase 4) peptides like SS mitigating delaying Finally, potential various strategies, including natural compounds, supplements, extracts, lifestyle interventions, inhibiting promoting health explored.

Язык: Английский

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The Loss of HJV Aggravates Muscle Atrophy by Promoting the Activation of the TβRII/Smad3 Pathway

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(5), С. 2016 - 2016

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Hemojuvelin (HJV) is a membrane-bound protein prominently expressed in the skeletal muscle, heart, and liver. Despite its established function iron regulation, specific role of HJV muscle physiology pathophysiology not well understood. In this study, we explored involvement disuse-induced atrophy uncovered potential mechanisms. Hindlimb unloading (HU) resulted soleus wild type (WT) mice, accompanied by significant decrease expression. The muscle-specific deletion Hjv (MKO) exacerbated myofiber atrophy, which was associated with an increase expression ubiquitin ligases following HU. Furthermore, transforming growth factor-β II receptor (TβRII) level phosphorylated Smad3 (p-Smad3) were elevated after HU, these effects MKO mice. knockdown TβRII mice mitigated reversed hyperactivation TβRII/Smad3 pathway induced Our findings demonstrate that absence contributes to activation signaling and, consequently, onset response Given abundant emerges as therapeutic target for atrophy.

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the Relationship between Age-Related Cardiac Hypertrophy, Skeletal Muscle Strength, and the FNDC5 Protein as a Potential Regulator

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(02), С. 450 - 464

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Network Pharmacology Combined with Experimental Validation to Investigate the Effects and Mechanisms of Aucubin on Aging-Related Muscle Atrophy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(6), С. 2626 - 2626

Опубликована: Март 14, 2025

Aucubin (AU) is one of the main components traditional Chinese medicine Eucommia ulmoides Oliv (EU). This study investigated effects AU on aging-related skeletal muscle atrophy in vitro and vivo. The results network pharmacology revealed potential therapeutic atrophy. In vitro, effectively attenuated D-gal-induced cellular damage, reduced number senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal)-positive cells, down-regulated expression levels atrophy-related proteins Atrogin-1 MuRF1, improved myotube differentiation, thereby mitigating Notably, was found to attenuate oxidative stress apoptosis cells by reducing ROS production, regulating Cleaved caspase3 BAX/Bcl-2 apoptotic pathways, enhancing Sirt1 PGC-1α signaling pathways. vivo studies demonstrated that treatment extended average lifespan Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), increased locomotor activity, body wall mitochondrial content, alleviated damage C. elegans. These findings suggested can ameliorate show significant preventing treating

Язык: Английский

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Protective effects of Trifuhalol a, a Phlorotannin derived from edible Brown seaweed Agarum cribrosum, on dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in muscle cells and zebrafish models

Food Research International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 209, С. 116303 - 116303

Опубликована: Март 22, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Dual Action of Pueraria montana var. lobata Extract on Myogenesis and Muscle Atrophy

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(7), С. 1217 - 1217

Опубликована: Март 30, 2025

Background/Objectives: Muscle atrophy, defined by diminished muscle mass and function, is a notable concern associated with aging, disease, glucocorticoid treatment. Pueraria montana var. lobata extract (PMLE) demonstrates multiple bioactive properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, metabolic regulatory activities; however, its role in atrophy has not been extensively investigated to date. This study examined how PMLE influences both cell differentiation dexamethasone (DEX)-induced degeneration focusing on the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: effects of myogenic DEX-induced atrophy. C2C12 myoblasts were treated (10-100 ng/mL) assessed for changes expression myogenesis-related genes activation Akt/mTOR AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling cascades. In vivo, model was used assess mass, fiber morphology, changes. Results: promoted development increasing MyHC, MyoD, myogenin while activating protein synthesis mitochondrial biogenesis pathways. counteracted myotube restoring diameter promoting cellular fusion vitro. mitigated degradation fast-twitch groups reversed suppression key anabolic Conclusions: These findings suggest that promotes protects against regulating critical pathways, indicating promise treatment candidate conditions involving wasting. Further studies are required clinical application long-term safety efficacy.

Язык: Английский

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