Post-COVID-19 acute sarcopenia: physiopathology and management

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 33(10), С. 2887 - 2898

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2021

Abstract In this review, we discuss the pathophysiologic and management aspects of acute sarcopenia in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 is as a multi-organ infectious disease characterized by severe inflammatory highly catabolic status, influencing deep changes body build, especially amount, structure, function skeletal muscles which would amount acutely developed sarcopenia. Acute may largely impact patients’ in-hospital prognosis well vulnerability post-COVID-19 functional physical deterioration. The individual outcome degree muscle mass loss be influenced multiple factors, including patient’s general pre-infection medical condition, older adults. This paper gathers information about how hyper-inflammatory involvement exacerbates immunosenescence process, enhances endothelial damage, due mitochondrial dysfunction autophagy, induces myofibrillar breakdown degradation. aftermath these complex immunological SARS-CoV-2-related phenomena, augmented anosmia, ageusia altered microbiota lead decreased food intake exacerbated catabolism. Moreover, imposed inactivity, lock-down, quarantine or hospitalization with bedrest intensify process. All deleterious mechanisms must swiftly put check multidisciplinary approach nutritional support, early cardio-pulmonary rehabilitation, psychological support cognitive training. proposed holistic patients appears essential minimize disastrous outcomes allow avoiding long syndrome.

Язык: Английский

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More Than 100 Persistent Symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 (Long COVID): A Scoping Review

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 8

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2021

Background: Persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms are increasingly well-reported in cohort studies and case series. Given the spread of pandemic, number individuals suffering from persistent symptoms, termed ‘long COVID', significant. However, type prevalence not well reported using systematic literature reviews. Objectives: In this scoping review literature, we aggregated people with long COVID. Eligibility Criteria: Original investigations concerning name were considered participants ≥4-weeks post-infection. Sources Evidence: Four electronic databases [Medline, Web Science, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)] searched. Methods: A was conducted Arksey O'Malley framework. Review selection characterisation performed by three independent reviewers pretested forms. Results: Authors reviewed 2,711 titles abstracts for inclusion 152 selected full-text review. 102 articles subsequently removed as did meet criteria. Thus, fifty analysed, 34 which described or prospective studies, 14 cross-sectional one a control study, retrospective observational study. total, >100 identified there considerable heterogeneity symptom setting Ten cardiovascular four examined pulmonary 25 respiratory 24 pain-related 21 fatigue, 16 general infection 10 psychological disorders, nine cognitive impairment, 31 sensory seven dermatological complaint, 11 functional 18 fit into any above categories. Conclusion: Most report analogous to those apparent acute COVID-19 (i.e., impairment symptoms). Yet, our data suggest larger spectrum evidenced symptoms. Symptom varied significantly explained collection approaches, study design other methodological may be related unknown cohort-specific factors.

Язык: Английский

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A systematic review of neuropsychological and psychiatric sequalae of COVID-19: implications for treatment

Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 34(4), С. 420 - 433

Опубликована: Май 19, 2021

Purpose of review COVID-19 impacts multiple organ systems and is associated with high rates morbidity mortality. Pathogenesis viral infection, co-morbidities, medical treatments, psychosocial factors may contribute to related neuropsychological psychiatric sequelae. This systematic aims synthesize available literature on cognitive characteristics community-dwelling survivors infection. Recent findings Thirty-three studies met inclusion/exclusion criteria for review. Emerging link deficits, particularly attention, executive function, memory. Psychiatric symptoms occur at in survivors, including anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disruption, a lesser extent posttraumatic stress. Symptoms appear endure, severity acute illness not directly predictive or mental health issues. The course sequelae limited by lack longitudinal data this time. Although heterogeneity study design sociocultural differences limit definitive conclusions, emerging risk include female sex, perceived stigma COVID-19, infection family member, social isolation, prior psychiatry history. Summary extant elucidates treatment targets interventions. Research using longitudinal, prospective designs needed characterize functioning over the across severity. Emphasis delineating unique contributions premorbid functioning, warranted.

Язык: Английский

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Psychological Symptoms in COVID-19 Patients: Insights into Pathophysiology and Risk Factors of Long COVID-19

Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(1), С. 61 - 61

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2022

There is growing evidence of studies associating COVID-19 survivors with increased mental health consequences. Mental implications related to a infection include both acute and long-term Here we discuss COVID-19-associated psychiatric sequelae, particularly anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), drawing parallels past coronavirus outbreaks. A literature search was completed across three databases, using keywords for relevant articles. The cause may directly correlate the through direct indirect mechanisms, but underlying etiology appears more complex multifactorial, involving environmental, psychological, biological factors. Although most risk factors prevalence rates vary various studies, being female gender having history disorders seem consistent. Several will be presented, demonstrating presenting higher consequences than general population. possible mechanisms by which severe respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) enters brain, affecting central nervous system (CNS) causing these discussed, concerning SARS-CoV-2 entry via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE-2) receptors immune inflammatory signaling on neuropsychiatric disorders. Some therapeutic options also considered.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 as a trigger of irritable bowel syndrome: A review of potential mechanisms

World Journal of Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 27(43), С. 7433 - 7445

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2021

In December 2019 a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), started spreading from Wuhan city of Chinese Hubei province and rapidly became global pandemic. Clinical symptoms range paucisymptomatic to much more disease. Typical initial phase include fever cough, with possible progression distress syndrome. Gastrointestinal manifestations such as diarrhoea, vomiting abdominal pain are reported in considerable number affected individuals may be due SARS-CoV-2 tropism for peptidase angiotensin receptor 2. The intestinal homeostasis microenvironment appear play major role pathogenesis COVID-19 enhancement systemic inflammatory responses. Long-term consequences disturbances other disabling manifestations, fatigue psychological impairment. To date, there is paucity data on gastrointestinal sequelae infection. Since can directly or indirectly affect gut physiology different ways, it plausible that functional bowel diseases occur after recovery because potential pathophysiological alterations (dysbiosis, disruption barrier, mucosal microinflammation, post-infectious states, immune dysregulation stress). this review we speculate trigger irritable discuss mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Inflammation on Selected Organ Systems of the Human Body

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(8), С. 4178 - 4178

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2022

SARS-CoV-2 virus does not only affect the respiratory system. It may cause damage to many organ systems with long-term effects. The latest scientific reports inform that this leaves a trace in nervous, circulatory, respiratory, urinary and reproductive systems. manifests itself disturbances functioning of organs these systems, causing serious health problems. aim study was review research into effects COVID-19 determine how common symptoms are who is most at risk. Based on literature using electronic databases PubMed Web Science infection, 88 studies were included analysis. information contained analyzed shows can multi-organ damage, number negative complications. There evidence complications lasting more than six months. They mainly concern circulatory However, small or short-lasting, speculative.

Язык: Английский

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Acute Sarcopenia: Mechanisms and Management

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(20), С. 3428 - 3428

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024

Background: Acute sarcopenia refers to the swift decline in muscle function and mass following acute events such as illness, surgery, trauma, or burns that presents significant challenges hospitalized older adults. Methods: narrative review describe mechanisms management of sarcopenia. Results: The prevalence ranges from 28% 69%, likely underdiagnosed due absence assessments most clinical settings. Systemic inflammation, immune–endocrine dysregulation, anabolic resistance are identified key pathophysiological factors. Interventions include early mobilization, exercise, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, nutritional strategies protein supplementation, leucine, β-hydroxy-β-methyl-butyrate, omega-3 fatty acids, creatine monohydrate. Pharmaceuticals show variable efficacy. Conclusions: Future research should prioritize serial monitoring parameters, identification predictive biomarkers, involvement multidisciplinary teams hospital admission address Early targeted interventions crucial improve outcomes prevent long-term disability associated with

Язык: Английский

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Psychological problems and reduced health-related quality of life in the COVID-19 survivors

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 6, С. 100248 - 100248

Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2021

COVID-19 survivors are predicted to experience the long-term consequences, including pulmonary, neurologic, cardiovascular, and mental health sequelae. This systematic review meta-analysis was performed on studies assessing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) psychiatric problems in survivors.

Язык: Английский

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Post-COVID-19 Psychiatric Symptoms in the Elderly: The Role of Gender and Resilience

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(12), С. 2016 - 2016

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2022

COVID-19 represents an overwhelming stressor to mental health. Elderly individuals are particularly at risk, but it is still unclear whether the risk equally distributed among men and women. The aim of this study was define gender differences in persistent psychiatric symptoms after illness test their association with resilience factors. Methods: We assessed 348 aged >65 years a multidisciplinary post-COVID-19 service. Mood anxiety were investigated, as well psychological distress resilience, Kessler-10 (K10) Scale Connor-Davidson Resilience (CD-RISC), respectively. Multivariate linear regression analyses used distribution patterns Results: In total sample, 214 (61.5%) (a mean age 73.25 ±6.04) 134 (38.5%) women 72.69 ±6.43; p = 0.407). Men significantly differed marital status (χ2 25.17; < 0.001, more married), living alone 11.62; 0.01, fewer alone), hospitalization during 12.35; hospitalized COVID-19), subjective health before infection 4.32; reporting better than women). Women reported factors men. Low levels predicted both Conclusions: female elderly population affected by showed greater vulnerability symptoms. Our data point need strengthen resources, especially

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 and Frailty

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(3), С. 606 - 606

Опубликована: Март 7, 2023

Older age is a major risk factor for adverse outcomes of COVID-19, potentially due to immunosenescence and chronic low-grade inflammation, both characteristics older adults which synergistically contribute their vulnerability. Furthermore, also associated with decreased kidney function consequently an increased cardiovascular disease. All this in the course COVID-19 infection can worsen promote progression damage all its sequelae. Frailty condition characterized by decline several homeostatic systems, leading vulnerability stressors health outcomes. Thus, it very likely that frailty, together comorbidities, may have contributed high severe clinical manifestations deaths from among people. The combination viral inflammation elderly could cause multiple unforeseen harmful consequences, affecting overall disability mortality rates. In post-COVID-19 patients, has been implicated sarcopenia progression, functional activity decline, dementia. After pandemic, imperative shine spotlight on these sequelae so we be prepared future ongoing pandemic. Here, discuss potential long-term consequences SARS-CoV-2 possibility causing permanent precarious balance existing frail pathologies.

Язык: Английский

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