Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress: An Integral, Updated and Critical Overview of Their Metabolic Interconnections

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(11), С. 9352 - 9352

Опубликована: Май 27, 2023

This review focuses on the multiple and reciprocal relationships that exist between oxidative stress, hyperglycemia diabetes related metabolic disorders. Human metabolism uses most of consumed glucose under aerobic conditions. Oxygen is needed in mitochondria to obtain energy, as well for action microsomal oxidases cytosolic pro-oxidant enzymes. relentlessly generates a certain amount reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although ROS are intracellular signals necessary some physiological processes, their accumulation leads hyperglycemia, progressive resistance insulin. A cellular versus an antioxidant equilibrium would regulate levels, but pro-inflammatory conditions feed back each other relevance interconnections tends increase those Hyperglycemia promotes collateral through protein kinase C, polyols hexosamine routes. In addition, it also facilitates spontaneous auto-oxidation formation advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which turn interact with receptors (RAGE). The mentioned processes undermine structures, finally giving place progressively greater degree stress further alterations, complications. NFκB major transcription factor involved expression mediators, while Nrf2 regulating response. FoxO equilibrium, its role controversial. summarizes key factors linking diverse routes enhanced vice versa, emphasizing desirable balance proteins.

Язык: Английский

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Flavonoids: Their putative neurologic roles, epigenetic changes, and gut microbiota alterations in Parkinson’s disease

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 168, С. 115788 - 115788

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2023

Parkinson's Disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by the degeneration of progressive dopaminergic (DA) neurons in substantia nigra region human midbrain. Although just what causes PD remains mystery, it known that oxidative stress (OS) as well mitochondrial dysfunction, neuro-inflammation, and insufficient neurotrophic support play role disease's pathophysiology. Phytochemicals are diverse small molecule group derived from plants can be classified into numerous classes on basis their biological activities chemical structure. Of these groups phytochemicals, most abundant, which has well-established anti-Parkinson's effects, polyphenols. Flavonoids, including naringin naringenin, genistein, kaempferol, anthocyanins, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, baicalein plant-based biologically active polyphenols, have been shown to exhibit therapeutic potential when used treatment for variety pathological illnesses, such diseases (NDs) PD. Recently, was reported flavonoids beneficial effects PD, protection DA neurons, improvement motor cognitive abilities, regulation signaling pathways, modulation OS neuro-inflammation. In addition, changing composition bacteria gut microbiota, reduce pathogenic strains promote growth strains. this context, current paper will provide literature review neurological roles play, one abundant phytochemical families,

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s Disease: The Role of Dopamine Oxidation Products

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(4), С. 955 - 955

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative condition affecting more than 1% of people over 65 years old. It characterized by the preferential degeneration nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, which responsible for motor symptoms PD patients. The pathogenesis this multifactorial disorder still elusive, hampering discovery therapeutic strategies able to suppress disease’s progression. While redox alterations, mitochondrial dysfunctions, and neuroinflammation are clearly involved in pathology, how these processes lead neurons an unanswered question. In context, presence dopamine itself within neuronal population could represent crucial determinant. present review, attempt made link aforementioned pathways oxidation chemistry dopamine, leading formation free radical species, reactive quinones toxic metabolites, sustaining pathological vicious cycle.

Язык: Английский

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Targeting Nrf2 signaling pathway and oxidative stress by resveratrol for Parkinson’s disease: an overview and update on new developments

Molecular Biology Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 50(6), С. 5455 - 5464

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Exploring Therapeutic Potential of Catalase: Strategies in Disease Prevention and Management

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(6), С. 697 - 697

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2024

The antioxidant defense mechanisms play a critical role in mitigating the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase stands out as paramount enzymatic antioxidant. It efficiently catalyzes decomposition hydrogen peroxide (H

Язык: Английский

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StackedEnC-AOP: prediction of antioxidant proteins using transform evolutionary and sequential features based multi-scale vector with stacked ensemble learning

BMC Bioinformatics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2024

Antioxidant proteins are involved in several biological processes and can protect DNA cells from the damage of free radicals. These regulate body's oxidative stress perform a significant role many antioxidant-based drugs. The current invitro-based medications costly, time-consuming, unable to efficiently screen identify targeted motif antioxidant proteins.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative stress and ion channels in neurodegenerative diseases

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024

Numerous neurodegenerative diseases result from altered ion channel function and mutations. The intracellular redox status can significantly alter the gating characteristics of channels. Abundant associated with oxidative stress have been documented, including Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease. Reactive oxygen nitrogen species compounds trigger posttranslational alterations that target specific sites within subunits responsible for assembly. These include adjustment cysteine residues through reactions induced by reactive (ROS), nitration, S-nitrosylation assisted nitric oxide tyrosine peroxynitrite. Several channels directly investigated their functional responses to oxidizing agents stress. This review primarily explores relationship potential links between in conditions, such as cerebellar ataxias Parkinson’s correlation could hold promise developing innovative therapies common diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Evolving Landscape of Parkinson’s Disease Research: Challenges and Perspectives

ACS Omega, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(2), С. 1864 - 1892

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It occurs due to gradual deficit of dopamine-producing brain cells, particularly in the substantia nigra. The precise etiology PD not fully understood, but it likely involves combination genetic and environmental factors. therapies available at present alleviate symptoms do stop disease's advancement. Research endeavors are currently directed inventing disease-controlling aim inherent mechanisms PD. biomarker breakthroughs hold enormous potential: earlier diagnosis, better monitoring, targeted treatment based on individual response could significantly improve patient outcomes ease burden this disease. research an active evolving field, focusing understanding mechanisms, identifying biomarkers, developing new treatments, improving care. In report, we explore data from CAS Content Collection outline progress We analyze publication landscape offer perspective into latest expertise advancements. Key emerging concepts reviewed strategies fight evaluated. Pharmacological targets, risk factors, as well comorbid diseases explored, clinical usage products against with their production pipelines trials for drug repurposing examined. This review aims comprehensive overview advancing current about PD, define challenges, assess growth prospects stimulate efforts battling

Язык: Английский

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Insights into the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Focus on Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(21), С. 11847 - 11847

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2021

As the population ages, incidence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing. Due to intensive research, important steps in elucidation pathogenetic cascades have been made and significantly implicated mitochondrial dysfunction oxidative stress. However, available treatment Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mainly symptomatic, providing minor benefits and, at most, slowing down progression disease. Although preclinical setting, drugs targeting stress yielded encouraging results, clinical trials failed or had inconclusive results. It likely that by time diagnosis, are full-blown significant numbers neurons already degenerated, making it impossible for mitochondria-targeted antioxidant molecules stop reverse process. Until further research will provide more efficient molecules, a healthy lifestyle, with plenty dietary antioxidants avoidance exogenous oxidants may postpone onset neurodegeneration, while familial cases benefit from genetic testing aggressive therapy started stage.

Язык: Английский

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Role of Coenzyme Q10 in Health and Disease: An Update on the Last 10 Years (2010–2020)

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(8), С. 1325 - 1325

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2021

The present review focuses on preclinical and clinical studies conducted in the last decade that contribute to increasing knowledge Coenzyme Q10's role health disease. Classical antioxidant bioenergetic functions of coenzyme have been taken into consideration, as well novel mechanisms action involving redox-regulated activation molecular pathways associated with anti-inflammatory activities. Cardiovascular research fertility remain major fields application Q10, although applications, particular relation topical application, are gaining considerable interest. In this respect, bioavailability represents a challenge innovation formulation aspects is critical importance.

Язык: Английский

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