Glutathione: A Samsonian life-sustaining small molecule that protects against oxidative stress, ageing and damaging inflammation

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2022

Many local and systemic diseases especially that are leading causes of death globally like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atherosclerosis with ischemic heart disease stroke, cancer severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing 19 (COVID-19), involve both, (1) oxidative stress excessive production reactive oxygen species (ROS) lower glutathione (GSH) levels, (2) inflammation. The GSH tripeptide (γ- L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine), the most abundant water-soluble non-protein thiol in cell (1–10 mM) is fundamental for life by (a) sustaining adequate redox signaling needed to maintain physiologic levels control processes, (b) limiting tissue damage. activity facilitated activation Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related (Nrf2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) regulator pathway, releasing Nrf2 regulates expression genes controlling antioxidant, inflammatory immune system responses. exists thiol-reduced (>98% total GSH) disulfide-oxidized (GSSG) forms, concentrations GSSG their molar ratio indicators functionality cell. depletion may play a central role COVID-19 pathophysiology, host severity mortality. Therapies enhancing could become cornerstone reduce fatal outcomes increasing prevent subdue these diseases. value makes paramount research field biology medicine be key against inflammation SARS-CoV-2 infection disease. In this review, we emphasize on as risk (ischemic stroke), importance antioxidants (3) significance counteract persistent damaging inflammation, inflammaging early (premature) associated damage caused lack antioxidant defenses younger individuals, (4) new therapies include restoration.

Язык: Английский

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Food Anthocyanins: Malvidin and Its Glycosides as Promising Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agents with Potential Health Benefits

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(13), С. 3016 - 3016

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2023

Anthocyanins are flavonoid compounds that abundantly present in fruits and vegetables. These contribute to the color of these foods offer various health benefits consumers due their biological properties. There more than 1000 types anthocyanins nature, all derived from 27 anthocyanidin aglycones have different glycosylations acylations. Malvidin is one most well-known anthocyanidins. Several studies, including those conducted on cell lines, animals, humans, suggested malvidin its glycosides possess anti-carcinogenic, diabetes-control, cardiovascular-disease-prevention, brain-function-improvement primarily attributed antioxidant anti-inflammatory effects, which influenced by molecular mechanisms related expression modulation critical genes. In this article, we review available information activity concerning health-promoting effects.

Язык: Английский

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Vitamin B12—Multifaceted In Vivo Functions and In Vitro Applications

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(12), С. 2734 - 2734

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2023

Vitamin B12 plays a key role in DNA stability. Research indicates that vitamin deficiency leads to indirect damage, and supplementation may reverse this effect. acts as cofactor for enzymes such methionine synthase methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, which are involved methylation nucleotide synthesis. These processes essential replication transcription, any impairment can result genetic instability. In addition, has antioxidant properties help protect from damage caused by reactive oxygen species. This protection is achieved scavenging free radicals reducing oxidative stress. addition their protective functions, cobalamins also generate DNA-damaging vitro be useful scientific research. being conducted on the use of medicine vectors xenobiotics. summary, an micronutrient vital It synthesis nucleotides, potential value generator drug transporters.

Язык: Английский

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Rheumatoid arthritis microenvironment insights into treatment effect of nanomaterials

Nano Today, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 42, С. 101358 - 101358

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2021

Язык: Английский

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DNA Damage Response and Oxidative Stress in Systemic Autoimmunity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 21(1), С. 55 - 55

Опубликована: Дек. 20, 2019

The DNA damage response and repair (DDR/R) network, a sum of hierarchically structured signaling pathways that recognize damage, the immune to endogenous and/or exogenous threats, act synergistically enhance cellular defense. On other hand, deregulated interplay between these systems underlines inflammatory diseases including malignancies chronic systemic autoimmune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus, sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with are characterized by aberrant self-antigens widespread production autoantibodies multiple-tissue injury, well presence increased oxidative stress. Recent data demonstrate accumulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients, which is related (a) augmented formation, at least partly due induction stress, (b) epigenetically regulated functional abnormalities fundamental mechanisms. Because has serious consequences for health, genomic instability enhancement an response, results can be exploited understanding pathogenesis progression development new treatments.

Язык: Английский

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Modulation of Oxidative Stress by Ozone Therapy in the Prevention and Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity: Review and Prospects

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 8(12), С. 588 - 588

Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2019

(1) Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes mortality worldwide. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy attempt to kill tumor cells by different mechanisms mediated an intracellular increase free radicals. However, radicals can also in healthy lead oxidative stress, resulting further damage tissues. Approaches prevent or treat many these side effects are limited. Ozone therapy induce a controlled stress able stimulate adaptive antioxidant response tissue. This review describes studies using ozone and/or chemotherapy-induced toxicity, how its effect linked modification antioxidants. (2) Methods: encompasses total 13 peer-reviewed original articles (most them with assessment parameters) some related works. It mainly focused on four drugs: Cisplatin, Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, Bleomycin. (3) Results: In experimental models few existing clinical studies, modulation antioxidants was associated decreased toxicity. (4) Conclusions: The potential role management toxicity merits research. Randomized trials ongoing.

Язык: Английский

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Biomarkers and Utility of the Antioxidant Potential of Probiotic Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria as Representatives of the Human Gut Microbiota

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(10), С. 1340 - 1340

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2021

Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria are an important part of human gut microbiota. Among numerous benefits, their antioxidant properties attracting more attention. Multiple in vivo vitro studies have demonstrated that lactobacilli bifidobacteria, along with cellular components, possess excellent capacity, which provides a certain degree protection to the body against diseases associated oxidative stress. Recently, begun be considered as new source natural antioxidants. This review summarizes current state research on various bifidobacteria. Special emphasis is given mechanisms activity these bacteria microbiota, involve bacterial cell components metabolites. also dedicated genes involved strains indicators potential Identification biomarkers microbiota great importance both for creating diagnostic systems assessing stress choosing strategies aimed at restoring normal functioning and, through it, health. In this review, practical application probiotic proven prevent considered.

Язык: Английский

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Potential neurological effects of severe COVID-19 infection

Neuroscience Research, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 158, С. 1 - 5

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Curcumin as Prospective Anti-Aging Natural Compound: Focus on Brain

Molecules, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 26(16), С. 4794 - 4794

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2021

The nutrients and their potential benefits are a new field of study in modern medicine for positive impact on health. Curcumin, the yellow polyphenolic compound extracted from Curcuma longa species, is widely used traditional Ayurvedic to prevent contrast many diseases, considering its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, cardio-protective, nephron-protective, hepato-protective, anti-neoplastic, anti-rheumatic proprieties. In recent years, investigations curcumin have been focused application aging age-associated diseases. Aging physiological process which there decreasing cellular function due internal or external stimuli. Oxidative stress one most important causes age-related Moreover, disorders such as cancer, neuroinflammation, infections low-grade chronic systemic inflammation. Curcumin acting different proteins able both oxidative than brain, modulate inflammation induced by microglia. Finally brain tumors reduce tumor growth inhibition telomerase activity. This review emphasizes anti-aging role focusing mechanism counteract brain. formulations increase bioavailability discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Redox Role of ROS and Inflammation in Pulmonary Diseases

Advances in experimental medicine and biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown, С. 187 - 204

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021

Язык: Английский

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