Inflammation-Induced Tumorigenesis and Metastasis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(11), С. 5421 - 5421

Опубликована: Май 21, 2021

Inflammation, especially chronic inflammation, plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and metastasis through various mechanisms is now recognized as hallmark of cancer an attractive therapeutic target cancer. In this review, we discuss recent advances molecular how inflammation promotes suppresses anti-tumor immunity types solid tumors, including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, pancreatic well hematopoietic malignancies.

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiota–Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote Prostate Cancer Growth via IGF1 Signaling

Cancer Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 81(15), С. 4014 - 4026

Опубликована: Май 26, 2021

Excessive intake of animal fat and resultant obesity are major risk factors for prostate cancer. Because the composition gut microbiota is known to change with dietary body type, we used prostate-specific Pten knockout mice as a cancer model investigate whether there microbiota-mediated connection between Oral administration an antibiotic mixture (Abx) in cancer-bearing fed high-fat diet containing large proportion lard drastically altered including Rikenellaceae Clostridiales, inhibited cell proliferation, reduced Igf1 expression circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) levels. In tissue, MAPK PI3K activities, both downstream IGF1 receptor, were suppressed by Abx administration. directly promoted proliferation lines DU145 22Rv1 vitro. also fecal levels short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced intestinal bacteria. Supplementation SCFAs tumor increasing humans, was found be highly expressed tissue from obese patients. conclusion, production stimulated microbes influences via activating local signaling, indicating existence microbiota-IGF1-prostate axis. Disrupting this axis modulating may aid prevention treatment. SIGNIFICANCE: These results suggest that bacteria, acting through acids, regulate systemic host, which can promote cells.

Язык: Английский

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Nutrition as a Key Modifiable Factor for Periodontitis and Main Chronic Diseases

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(2), С. 197 - 197

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2021

Nutrition is recognized as an essential component in the prevention of a number chronic diseases, including periodontal disease. Based on these considerations, better understanding required regarding how diet, and more particularly intake macronutrients micronutrients, could impact potential relationship between nutrition diseases diseases. To overcome this complexity, up-to-date literature review nutriments related to was performed. High-sugar, high-saturated fat, low-polyols, low-fiber low-polyunsaturated-fat causes increased risk This pattern nutrients classically found Western which considered ‘unhealthy’ diet that cardiovascular diabetes cancers. Conversely, low-sugar, high-fiber high-omega-6-to-omega-3 fatty acid ratio reduces The Mediterranean, DASH, vegetarian Okinawa diets correspond nutritional intakes are ‘healthy’ diets, reducing role such vitamin D, E, K magnesium, remains unclear, while others, A, B, C, calcium, zinc polyphenols have been shown prevent PDs. Some evidence suggests probiotics prebiotics promote health. Periodontal share, with time delay, factor. Thus, any change health should be warning signal control dietary quality patients thus reduce developing later on.

Язык: Английский

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Underlying Features of Prostate Cancer—Statistics, Risk Factors, and Emerging Methods for Its Diagnosis

Current Oncology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(2), С. 2300 - 2321

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2023

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently occurring type of malignant tumor and a leading cause oncological death in men. PCa very heterogeneous terms grade, phenotypes, genetics, displaying complex features. This often has indolent growth, not compromising patient’s quality life, while its more aggressive forms can manifest rapid growth with progression to adjacent organs spread lymph nodes bones. Nevertheless, overtreatment patients leads important physical, mental, economic burdens, which be avoided careful monitoring. Early detection, even cases locally advanced metastatic tumors, provides higher chance cure, thus go through less treatments fewer side effects. Furthermore, it offer knowledge about how modifiable risk factors an effective method for reducing risk. Innovations diagnostics therapy are still required overcome some limitations current screening techniques, specificity sensitivity. In this context, review brief overview statistics, reporting incidence mortality rates worldwide, factors, emerging strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Microbiome and Prostate Cancer: A Novel Target for Prevention and Treatment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(2), С. 1511 - 1511

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2023

Growing evidence of the microbiome’s role in human health and disease has emerged since creation Human Microbiome Project. Recent studies suggest that alterations microbiota composition (dysbiosis) may play an essential occurrence, development, prognosis prostate cancer (PCa), which remains second most frequent male malignancy worldwide. Current advances biological technologies, such as high-throughput sequencing, transcriptomics, metabolomics, have enabled research on gut, urinary, intra-prostate microbiome signature correlation with local systemic inflammation, host immunity response, PCa progression. Several microbial species their metabolites facilitate insurgence through genotoxin-mediated mutagenesis or by driving tumor-promoting inflammation dysfunctional immunosurveillance. However, impact progression, response to treatment is complex needs be fully understood. This review addresses current knowledge host–microbe interaction risk PCa, providing novel insights into intraprostatic, urinary mechanisms leading carcinogenesis response. In this paper, we provide a detailed overview diet changes, gut microbiome, emerging therapeutic approaches related PCa. Further investigation prostate-related large-scale clinical trials testing efficacy modulation improve patient outcomes while fulfilling literature gap microbial–immune–cancer-cell mechanistic interactions.

Язык: Английский

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Dietary Factors and Prostate Cancer Development, Progression, and Reduction

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(2), С. 496 - 496

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2021

Due to the constantly increasing number of cases, prostate cancer has become one most important health problems modern societies. This review presents current knowledge regarding role nutrients and foodstuff consumption in etiology development malignancies, including potential mechanisms action. The results several vivo vitro laboratory experiments as well those reported by clinical epidemiological research studies carried out around world were analyzed. outcomes these clearly show influence both food products on prevention cancer. Consumption certain (saturated trans fatty acids) (e.g., processed meat products) leads disruption hormonal regulation, induction oxidative stress inflammation, alteration growth factor signaling lipid metabolism, which all contribute carcinogenesis. On other hand, a high vegetables, fruits, fish, whole grain exerts protective and/or therapeutic effects. Special bioactive functions are assigned compounds such flavonoids, stilbenes, lycopene. Since dietary pattern is modifiable risk cancer, awareness beneficial harmful effects individual ingredients great importance global strategy against

Язык: Английский

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Prostate cancer management: long-term beliefs, epidemic developments in the early twenty-first century and 3PM dimensional solutions

The EPMA Journal, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(3), С. 399 - 418

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2020

Abstract In the early twenty-first century, societies around world are facing paradoxal epidemic development of PCa as a non-communicable disease. is most frequently diagnosed cancer for men in several countries such USA. Permanently improving diagnostics and treatments management causes an impressive divergence between, on one hand, permanently increasing numbers cases and, other stable or even slightly decreasing mortality rates. Still, aspects listed below waiting innovate solutions context predictive approaches, targeted prevention personalisation medical care (PPPM / 3PM). belongs to types with highest incidence worldwide. Corresponding economic burden enormous. Moreover, costs treating currently more quickly than those any cancer. Implementing individualised patient profiles adapted treatment algorithms would make too heterogeneous landscape transparent providing clear “road map” cost saving. systemic multi-factorial Consequently, by liquid biopsy analysis instrumental disease prediction, curative at stages. The metastasising rapidly particularly younger populations. Exemplified trends observed USA, prognosis that annual will increase over 40% 2025. To this end, evident deficits reactive character services provided Innovative screening programmes might be useful identify persons suboptimal health conditions before clinical onset PCa. Strong predisposition hypoxic ischemic lesions (e.g. characteristic individuals Flammer syndrome phenotype) low-grade inflammation indicative specific phenotyping genotyping management. Predictive tests CTC enumeration their molecular characterisation considered secondary metastatic patients. Particular rates adolescents young adults aged 15–40 years. Patients prostate pose unique challenges; risks these proposed. multi-level including multi-omics appropriate tool risk assessment, prediction prognosis. Accumulating evidence suggests distinct phenotype from both aetiological perspectives deserving particular attention view point 3P approaches.

Язык: Английский

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The gut microbiota associated with high‐Gleason prostate cancer

Cancer Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 112(8), С. 3125 - 3135

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2021

We have found that intestinal bacteria and their metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), promote cancer growth in prostate (PCa) mouse models. To clarify the association between gut microbiota PCa humans, we analyzed profiles of men with suspected PCa. One hundred fifty-two Japanese undergoing biopsies (96 56 without cancer) were included study randomly divided into two cohorts: a discovery cohort (114 samples) test (38 samples). The was compared groups, high-risk group (men Grade 2 or higher PCa) negative + low-risk biopsy 1 PCa), using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. relative abundances Rikenellaceae, Alistipes, Lachnospira, all SCFA-producing bacteria, significantly increased group. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, index calculated from abundance 18 bacterial genera which selected by least absolute shrinkage selection operator regression detected accuracy than specific antigen (area under [AUC] = 0.85 vs 0.74). Validation showed similar results (AUC 0.81 0.67). taxa associated profile could be novel useful marker for detection contribute to carcinogenesis

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiome and prostate cancer

International Journal of Urology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(8), С. 793 - 798

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2022

The gut microbiome is linked to several diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and colon cancer. also associated with the modulation of immune function, resulting in a different response checkpoint therapy. differs according lifestyle, diet, sex, race, genetic background, country. Lifestyle, especially plays an important role development progression prostate Recent studies have revealed connection between A high-fat diet causes dysbiosis bacterial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids phospholipids that enter systemic circulation result promoting cancer growth. Additionally, microbiota can serve source testosterone, which affects progression. Men castration-resistant increased abundance bacteria androgenic functions. high-risk share specific microbial profile profiling could be potentially effective tool screen men Lifestyle modifications improve microbiome. Furthermore, altering using prebiotic or probiotic interventions may prevent delay development. Further study into "Gut-Prostate Axis" would help discovery new strategies for prevention, screening, treatment

Язык: Английский

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The Gut-Prostate Axis: A New Perspective of Prostate Cancer Biology through the Gut Microbiome

Cancers, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(5), С. 1375 - 1375

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2023

Obesity and a high-fat diet are risk factors associated with prostate cancer, lifestyle, especially diet, impacts the gut microbiome. The microbiome plays important roles in development of several diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, colon cancer. analysis feces from patients cancer by 16S rRNA sequencing has uncovered various associations between altered microbiomes Gut dysbiosis caused leakage bacterial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids lipopolysaccharide results growth. microbiota also play role metabolism androgen which could affect castration-resistant Moreover, men high-risk share specific treatments androgen-deprivation therapy alter manner that favors Thus, implementing interventions aiming to modify lifestyle or altering prebiotics probiotics may curtail From this perspective, "Gut-Prostate Axis" fundamental bidirectional biology should be considered when screening treating patients.

Язык: Английский

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