Biomarkers of aging

Science China Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 66(5), С. 893 - 1066

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Macronutrients, Micronutrients and Flavonoid Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(3), С. 523 - 523

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2022

Osteoporosis is considered an age-related disorder of the skeletal system, characterized primarily by decreased bone mineral density (BMD), microstructural quality and elevated risk fragility fractures. This silent disease increasingly becoming a global epidemic due to aging population longer life expectancy. It known that nutrition physical activity play important role in health, both achieving highest BMD maintaining health. In this review, macronutrients (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates), micronutrients (minerals-calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, as well vitamins-D, C, K) flavonoid polyphenols (quercetin, rutin, luteolin, kaempferol, naringin) which appear be essential for prevention treatment osteoporosis, are characterized. Moreover, importance various naturally available nutrients, whether diet or food supplements, emphasized. addition pharmacotherapy, basis osteoporosis healthy rich mainly fruits, vegetables, seafood fish oil specific dairy products, containing sufficient amount all aforementioned nutritional substances along with regular activity. The effect alone context may depend on individual's genotype, gene-diet interactions composition function gut microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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Oxidative stress: A common pathological state in a high-risk population for osteoporosis

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 163, С. 114834 - 114834

Опубликована: Май 8, 2023

Osteoporosis is becoming a major concern in the field of public health. The process bone loss insidious and does not directly induce obvious symptoms. Complications indicate an irreversible decrease mass. high-risk populations osteoporosis, including postmenopausal women, elderly men, diabetic patients obese individuals need regular mineral density testing appropriate preventive treatment. However, primary changes these are different, increasing difficulty effective treatment osteoporosis. Determining core pathogenesis osteoporosis helps improve efficiency efficacy among populations. Oxidative stress common pathological state secondary to estrogen deficiency, aging, hyperglycemia hyperlipemia. In this review, we divided oxidative into direct effect reactive oxygen species (ROS) reduction antioxidant enzyme activity discuss their roles development ROS initiated mitochondrial apoptotic signaling suppressed osteogenic marker expression weaken osteogenesis. MAPK NF-κB pathways mediated positive on osteoclast differentiation. Antioxidant enzymes only eliminate negative effects ROS, but also participate regulation metabolism. Additionally, described proinflammatory factors HIF-1α under pathophysiological inflammation hypoxia, which provided supplement stress-induced conclusion, our review showed that was population for Targeted would greatly optimize therapeutic schedule various treatments.

Язык: Английский

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Hormone-Related and Drug-Induced Osteoporosis: A Cellular and Molecular Overview

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(6), С. 5814 - 5814

Опубликована: Март 18, 2023

Osteoporosis resulting from an imbalance of bone turnover between resorption and formation is a critical health issue worldwide. Estrogen deficiency following nature aging process the leading cause hormone-related osteoporosis for postmenopausal women, while glucocorticoid-induced remains most common in drug-induced osteoporosis. Other medications medical conditions related to secondary include proton pump inhibitors, hypogonadism, selective serotonin receptor chemotherapies, medroxyprogesterone acetate. This review summary cellular molecular mechanisms turnover, pathophysiology osteoporosis, their treatment. Nuclear factor-κβ ligand (RANKL) appears be uncoupling factor that enhances osteoclastogenesis. In contrast, osteoprotegerin (OPG) RANKL antagonist secreted by osteoblast lineage cells. promotes apoptosis osteoclasts inhibits osteoclastogenesis stimulating production OPG reducing osteoclast differentiation after suppression IL-1 TNF, subsequent M-CSF, RANKL, IL-6 release. It can also activate Wnt signaling pathway increase osteogenesis, upregulate BMP promote mesenchymal stem cell pre-osteoblasts osteoblasts rather than adipocytes. leads formation; therefore, greater loss. Excessive glucocorticoids PPAR-2 production, expression Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) osteoblasts, inhibit pathway, thus decreasing differentiation. They survival enhancing inhibiting expression. Appropriate estrogen supplement avoiding excessive glucocorticoid use are deemed primary treatment Additionally, current pharmacological includes bisphosphonates, teriparatide (PTH), inhibitors (such as denosumab). However, many detailed underlying seem complicated unexplored warrant further investigation.

Язык: Английский

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Age Related Osteoporosis: Targeting Cellular Senescence

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(5), С. 2701 - 2701

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2022

Age-related chronic diseases are an enormous burden to modern societies worldwide. Among these, osteoporosis, a condition that predisposes individuals increased risk of fractures, substantially contributes mortality and health-care costs in elderly. It is now well accepted advanced chronical age one the main factors for diseases. Hence, targeting fundamental aging mechanisms such as senescence has become promising option treatment these Moreover, pathophysiological concepts arise from menopause causing estrogen deficiency, aging. Here, we focus on recent advances understanding senescence-related contributing age-related bone loss. Furthermore, options senile osteoporosis senescent cells reviewed.

Язык: Английский

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Hallmarks of peripheral nerve function in bone regeneration

Bone Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023

Abstract Skeletal tissue is highly innervated. Although different types of nerves have been recently identified in the bone, crosstalk between bone and remains unclear. In this review, we outline role peripheral nervous system (PNS) regeneration following injury. We first introduce conserved species ranging from amphibians to mammals. then present distribution PNS skeletal under physiological conditions, fractures, or regeneration. Furthermore, summarize ways which communicates with bone-lineage cells, vasculature, immune cells microenvironment. Based on comprehensive timely conclude that regulates through neuropeptides neurotransmitters nerves. An in-depth understanding roles will inform development new strategies based bone-nerve promoting repair

Язык: Английский

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Insights and implications of sexual dimorphism in osteoporosis

Bone Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2024

Osteoporosis, a metabolic bone disease characterized by low mineral density and deterioration of microarchitecture, has led to high risk fatal osteoporotic fractures worldwide. Accumulating evidence revealed that sexual dimorphism is notable feature osteoporosis, with sex-specific differences in epidemiology pathogenesis. Specifically, females are more susceptible than males while prone disability or death from the disease. To date, sex chromosome abnormalities steroid hormones have been proven contribute greatly osteoporosis regulating functions cells. Understanding its related complications essential for improving treatment strategies tailored women men. This literature review focuses on mechanisms underlying mainly population aging patients, chronic glucocorticoid administration, diabetes. Moreover, we highlight implications developing therapeutics preventive screening approaches Additionally, challenges translating bench research bedside treatments future directions overcome these obstacles will be discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial dysfunction and therapeutic perspectives in osteoporosis

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and structural deterioration of tissue, resulting in heightened vulnerability to fractures due increased fragility. This condition primarily arises from an imbalance between the processes resorption formation. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported potentially constitute one most crucial mechanisms influencing pathogenesis osteoporosis. In essence, mitochondria play role maintaining delicate equilibrium formation resorption, thereby ensuring optimal health. Nevertheless, disruption this balance can arise as consequence mitochondrial dysfunction. dysfunctional mitochondria, electron transport chain (ETC) becomes uncoupled, ATP synthesis generation reactive oxygen species (ROS). Reinforcement further exacerbated accumulation aberrant mitochondria. review, we investigated analyzed correlation dysfunction, encompassing DNA (mtDNA) alterations, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) impairment, mitophagy dysregulation, defects biogenesis dynamics, well excessive ROS accumulation, with regards OP ( Figure 1 ). Furthermore, explore prospective strategies currently available for modulating ameliorate Undoubtedly, certain therapeutic still require investigation ensure their safety efficacy clinical treatments. However, perspective, potential establishing effective safe approaches osteoporosis appears promising.

Язык: Английский

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Antioxidative and antibacterial gallium (III)-phenolic coating for enhanced osseointegration of titanium implants via pro-osteogenesis and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis

Biomaterials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 301, С. 122268 - 122268

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Mechanical stress abnormalities promote chondrocyte senescence - The pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 167, С. 115552 - 115552

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2023

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic disease in orthopedics, which brings great pain to patients' life and spirit. Therefore, it necessary elucidate the pathogenesis of KOA. The pathophysiology KOA has been linked numerous factors, including oxidative stress, apoptosis, cellular senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory factors. Cellular senescence grown importance as topic study for age-related illnesses recently. also discovered be closely related human aging, process chondrocyte may crucial. Numerous researches have looked at from perspectives mechanical stress abnormalities, overexpression, dysfunction. Many studies that primary overexpression death brought on by an imbalance joint microenvironment. And abnormal initiating cause inflammation, disorders. However, few findings reported literature relationship between these especially senescence. This time, order better understand identify potential connections microenvironments KOA, well dysfunction microenvironmental dysfunctions, we will use starting point. allow us develop new therapeutic approaches

Язык: Английский

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