Efficient protocol of de novo shoot organogenesis from somatic embryos for grapevine genetic transformation

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Май 31, 2023

Plant genetic transformation is a powerful tool that can facilitate breeding programs for disease tolerance, abiotic stress, fruit production, and quality by preserving the characteristics of tree elite genotypes. However, most grapevine cultivars worldwide are considered recalcitrant, available protocols involve regeneration somatic embryogenesis, which often requires continuous production new embryogenic calli. Cotyledons hypocotyls derived from flower-induced embryos Vitis vinifera Ancellotta Lambrusco Salamino, in comparison with model cultivar Thompson Seedless, here validated first time as starting explants vitro trials. Explants were cultured on two different MS-based culture media, one having combination 4.4 µM BAP 0.49 IBA (M1), other only supplemented 13.2 (M2). The competence to regenerate adventitious shoots was higher cotyledons than both M1 M2. M2 medium increased significantly average number Seedless embryo-derived explants. This efficient strategy, proposes embryogenesis organogenesis, has been successfully exploited engineering experiments. Salamino produced highest calli expressing eGFP when medium, while media tested highly efficient. independent transgenic lines observed efficiency 12 14%, respectively, 6 12%, respectively. A single fluorescent shoot obtained Ancellotta, showed no transformed shoots. In second set experiments, using cultivar, we explants, followed meristematic bulk slices, confirming high regeneration/transformation competences cotyledons. acclimatized greenhouse true-to-type phenotype. novel optimized this study will be useful application emerging modern biotechnologies also recalcitrant

Язык: Английский

---

Drought stress and the effectiveness of transcriptomics in identifying drought tolerance mechanisms in plants

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 389 - 402

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Identification and expression of the peach TNL RMia genes for the resistance to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

Scientia Horticulturae, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 343, С. 114081 - 114081

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Boosting grapevine breeding for climate-smart viticulture: from genetic resources to predictive genomics

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Дек. 11, 2023

The multifaceted nature of climate change is increasing the urgency to select resilient grapevine varieties, or generate new, fitter cultivars, withstand a multitude new challenging conditions. attainment this goal hindered by limiting pace traditional breeding approaches, which require decades result in selections. On other hand, marker-assisted has proved useful when it comes traits governed one few genes with great effects on phenotype, but its efficacy still restricted for complex controlled many loci. these premises, innovative strategies are emerging could help guide selection, taking advantage genetic diversity within Vitis genus entirety. Multiple germplasm collections also available as source material introgression alleles interest via adapted and pioneering transformation protocols, present themselves promising tools future applications notably recalcitrant species such grapevine. Genome editing intersects both strategies, not only being an alternative obtain focused changes relatively rapid way, supporting fine-tuning genotypes developed methods. A review state art concerning resources possibilities use techniques aid selection presented here support production climate-smart genotypes.

Язык: Английский

---

Trunk Injection Delivery of Biocontrol Strains of Trichoderma spp. Effectively Suppresses Nut Rot by Gnomoniopsis castaneae in Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.)

Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(3), С. 143 - 143

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

Gnomoniopsis castaneae is responsible for brown or chalky nut rot in sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa), causing heavy reductions production. Controlling it challenging, due to its inconspicuous infections, erratic colonization of host tissues and endophytic lifestyle. Fungicides are not applicable because they prohibited forests strongly discouraged fruit groves. Trichoderma species safe wide-spectrum biocontrol agents (BCAs), with a variety beneficial effects plant protection. This study tested selected strains T. viride, harzianum atroviride their ability suppress G. castaneae. Field experiments were conducted four groves (two test plots plus two controls) at sites different microclimate. As the size trees major drawback uniform effective treatments, delivered directly by trunk injection, using BITE® (Blade Infusion TrEes) endotherapic tool. The BCA application, repeated twice subsequent years, significantly reduced incidence, more marked, presumably cumulative, effect second year. Our data showed retain great potential biological control exploitation spp. as biopesticides novelty forestry sector proves benefits these microbes disease

Язык: Английский

---

CRISPR/Cas9‐driven double modification of grapevine MLO6‐7 imparts powdery mildew resistance, while editing of NPR3 augments powdery and downy mildew tolerance

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2024

SUMMARY The implementation of genome editing strategies in grapevine is the easiest way to improve sustainability and resilience while preserving original genotype. Among others, Mildew Locus‐O ( MLO ) genes have already been reported as good candidates develop powdery mildew‐immune plants. A never‐explored target NPR3 , a negative regulator systemic acquired resistance. We report exploitation cisgenic approach with Cre‐lox recombinase technology generate grapevine‐edited plants potential be transgene‐free their genetic background. characterization three edited lines for each demonstrated immunity development against Erysiphe necator MLO6‐7 ‐edited Concomitantly, significant improvement resilience, associated increased leaf thickness specific biochemical responses, was observed defective E. Plasmopara viticola . Transcriptomic analysis revealed that both modulated gene expression profiles, pointing distinct though partially overlapping responses. Furthermore, targeted metabolite highlighted an overaccumulation stilbenes coupled improved oxidative scavenging targets, likely protecting mutants from detrimental pleiotropic effects. Finally, Cre‐loxP allowed recovery one plant complete removal transgene. Taken together, our achievements provide comprehensive understanding molecular adjustments occurring double ‐defective grape In parallel, multiple purposes has demonstrated, raising new questions on its wide role orchestrating biotic stress

Язык: Английский

---

Advances in Molecular Marker Technology and their Significance in Plant Improvement Strategies

IntechOpen eBooks, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2023

Molecular markers are powerful tools that have revolutionized plant improvement strategies by allowing breeders to select plants with desirable traits at an early stage. These specific DNA sequences can be used identify genes responsible for important such as disease resistance, drought tolerance, and yield potential. Advances in molecular marker technology greatly improved their efficiency accuracy, making them essential tool breeding programs. One advance is the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, which allow rapid cost-effective identification large numbers markers. Additionally, new systems SNPs been developed, offer a high level accuracy reproducibility. The use has several advantages over traditional methods. For instance, not easily observable, or multiple once. This led crop varieties more resistant diseases, better adapted changing environmental conditions, higher yields. In conclusion, continued crucial advancement strategies.

Язык: Английский

---

Identification and Expression of the peach TNL RMia genes for the Resistance to the Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024

Abstract Root-Knot Nematodes (RKN) are major pests for world agriculture. As RKN polyphagous endoparasites, present in various climates and able to multiply rapidly, the quest discover new natural resistances plants is essential. In Prunus species, several resistance genes that belong NLR family, have been detected recent years. Peach, RMia gene, which confers Meloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria , ethiopica was localized on chromosome 2. this study, we used short-and long-read sequencing technologies identify gene two independent RKN-resistant peach varieties. We characterized three candidate studied their expression profile upon infection. Our study identified these candidates most likely involved resistance. Ultimately, developed molecular markers associated can be breeding programs.

Язык: Английский

---

Overview on Current Selectable Marker Systems and Novel Marker Free Approaches in Fruit Tree Genetic Engineering

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(22), С. 11902 - 11902

Опубликована: Ноя. 6, 2024

Selectable marker genes are useful for recognizing which cells have integrated specific sequences in their genome after genetic transformation processes. They especially important fruit trees to individuate putatively genetically modified events, because most of the protocols used engineer these species often unsuccessful or with low efficiency. Traditional selectable genes, mainly bacterial origin, confer antibiotics/herbicides-resistance metabolic advantages transformed cells. Genes that allow visual recognition engineered tissues without using any selective agent, such as morphogenic regulators and reporter also selection tools vitro identify regenerated lines. As final step, plants should be tested field conditions, where no longer necessary, strongly unpopular commercial development new products. Thus, different approaches, based on use site-specific recombinases and/or editing nucleases, being now recover marker-free crops. This review describes comments suitable interest, particularly tree engineering. Lastly, a spotlight highlights biosafety aspects related exploited

Язык: Английский

---

Standardization of an Effective Scarification and Germination Protocol for Strawberry Seeds That Is Useful for Gamic Propagation

Horticulturae, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(12), С. 1345 - 1345

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2024

In strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) breeding programs, seed dormancy adversely affects germination, resulting in delayed seedling emergence and low germination rates. This study investigated the best solution to enhance both terms of efficiency timing by evaluating effect three key factors: genotype, pre-sowing treatment, medium. Chemical scarification treatment with sulfuric acid seeds from different genotypes was optimized; treated were placed germinate on media (Murashige Skoog medium, peat, filter paper) a growth chamber. Seedlings obtained acclimatized for post-acclimatization survival rate possible phenotypic differences regarding development. produced results, rates around 100% highest speed compared not-treated controls. Indeed, more than 90% germinated 14 days after sowing, regardless genotype or medium tested. paper gave poorest performances showed lower average plant height. conclusion, it demonstrated that excellent can be achieved through proper scarification, which is not dependent; furthermore, when this method combined correct quality achieved.

Язык: Английский

---