The Gut–Brain Axis as a Therapeutic Target in Multiple Sclerosis DOI Creative Commons
Ana Maria Bugă, Vlad Pădureanu, Anca‐Lelia Riza

и другие.

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(14), С. 1872 - 1872

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2023

The CNS is very susceptible to oxidative stress; the gut microbiota plays an important role as a trigger of damage that promotes mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. In current review, we discuss recent findings on oxidative-stress-related inflammation mediated by gut–brain axis in multiple sclerosis (MS). Growing evidence suggests targeting can be promising strategy for MS management. Intricate interaction between factors leads increased intra- inter-individual heterogeneity, frequently painting different picture vivo from obtained under controlled conditions. Following evidence-based approach, all proposed interventions should validated clinical trials with cohorts large enough reach significance. Our review summarizes existing focused identifying suitable interventions, combinations, appropriate timings target microbiota-related stress. Most studies assessed relapsing–remitting (RRMS); only few limited were carried out other stages (e.g., secondary progressive MS–SPMS). Future must consider extended time frame, perhaps starting perinatal period lasting until young adult period, aiming capture many complex intersystem interactions possible.

Язык: Английский

ROS Chronicles in HIV Infection: Genesis of Oxidative Stress, Associated Pathologies, and Therapeutic Strategies DOI Creative Commons

R Harshithkumar,

Prachibahen Shah,

Pratiksha Jadaun

и другие.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 46(8), С. 8852 - 8873

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2024

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are widely regarded as signaling molecules and play essential roles in various cellular processes, but when present excess, they can lead to oxidative stress (OS). Growing evidence suggests that the OS plays a critical role pathogenesis of HIV infection is associated with several comorbidities HIV-infected individuals. ROS, generated both naturally during mitochondrial metabolism response trigger host antiviral responses also promote viral replication. While multifaceted ROS pathophysiology clearly need more investigation, this review paper unravels mechanisms generation context infections, offering insights into protein-mediated antiretroviral therapy-generated OS. Though protein Tat significantly attributed endogenous increase post infection, sums up contribution other proteins HIV-mediated elicitation ROS. Given investigations recognizing significant onset progression diverse pathologies, explores function mediation an array pathologies retroviral therapy. patients observed disruption antioxidant defense system, therapy gaining focus potential therapeutic intervention well discussed. scenario, further exploratory studies imperative identifying alternative strategies could mitigate toxicities ART-induced

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
An overview of mild traumatic brain injuries and emerging therapeutic targets DOI Creative Commons

John P. Bielanin,

Shamseldin Metwally, Satya S. Paruchuri

и другие.

Neurochemistry International, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 172, С. 105655 - 105655

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2023

The majority of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), approximately 90%, are classified as mild (mTBIs). Globally, an estimated 4 million occur each year from concussions or mTBIs, highlighting their significance a public health crisis. TBIs can lead to substantial long-term consequences, including increased risk developing Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease (PD), chronic encephalopathy (CTE), and nearly doubling one's suicide. However, the current management mTBIs in clinical practice available treatment options limited. There exists unmet need for effective therapy. This review addresses various aspects based on most up-to-date literature review, with goal stimulating translational research identify new therapeutic targets improve our understanding pathogenic mechanisms. First, we provide summary mTBI symptomatology diagnostic parameters such Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) classifying concussions, well utility alternative parameters, imaging techniques like MRI diffusion tensor (DTI) serum biomarkers S100B, NSE, GFAP, UCH-L1, NFL, t-tau. Our highlights several pre-clinical concussion models employed study underlying cellular mechanisms involved mTBI-related pathogenesis, axonal damage, demyelination, inflammation, oxidative stress. Finally, examine selection currently under investigation models. These may hold promise translation address pressing more treatments mTBIs.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

13
Formyl Peptide Receptor 2-Dependent cPLA2 and 5-LOX Activation Requires a Functional NADPH Oxidase DOI Creative Commons
Tiziana Pecchillo Cimmino, Iolanda Panico, Simona Scarano

и другие.

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(2), С. 220 - 220

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

Phospholipases (PL) A2 catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids and mostly generates arachidonic acid (AA). The enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) can metabolize AA to obtain inflammatory leukotrienes, whose biosynthesis highly depends on cPLA2 5-LOX activities. Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 (FPR2) belongs a subfamily class A GPCRs is considered most versatile FPRs isoform. Signaling triggered by FPR2 includes activation several downstream kinases NADPH oxidase (NOX)-dependent ROS generation. In metabolomic analysis we observed significant increase in concentration FPR2-stimulated lung cancer cell line CaLu-6. We analyzed phosphorylation time-dependent Ser505 cells, which was prevented MEK inhibitor (PD098059) p38MAPK (SB203580) blocking NOX function. Similarly, demonstrated that at Ser271 Ser663 residues requires FPR2-dependent ERKs activation. Moreover, showed functional expression. Our overall data demonstrate for first time FPR2-induced ERK- p38MAPK-dependent phosphorylation/activation oxidase. These findings represent an important step towards future novel therapeutic possibilities aimed resolving processes underlying many human diseases.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
NOX4 regulates gastric cancer cell invasion and proliferation by increasing ferroptosis sensitivity through regulating ROS DOI
Li Wang, Weihua Gong

International Immunopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 132, С. 112052 - 112052

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
The Gut–Brain Axis as a Therapeutic Target in Multiple Sclerosis DOI Creative Commons
Ana Maria Bugă, Vlad Pădureanu, Anca‐Lelia Riza

и другие.

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(14), С. 1872 - 1872

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2023

The CNS is very susceptible to oxidative stress; the gut microbiota plays an important role as a trigger of damage that promotes mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. In current review, we discuss recent findings on oxidative-stress-related inflammation mediated by gut–brain axis in multiple sclerosis (MS). Growing evidence suggests targeting can be promising strategy for MS management. Intricate interaction between factors leads increased intra- inter-individual heterogeneity, frequently painting different picture vivo from obtained under controlled conditions. Following evidence-based approach, all proposed interventions should validated clinical trials with cohorts large enough reach significance. Our review summarizes existing focused identifying suitable interventions, combinations, appropriate timings target microbiota-related stress. Most studies assessed relapsing–remitting (RRMS); only few limited were carried out other stages (e.g., secondary progressive MS–SPMS). Future must consider extended time frame, perhaps starting perinatal period lasting until young adult period, aiming capture many complex intersystem interactions possible.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11