The
mitochondrial
network
(MN)
is
a
dynamic
structure
undergoing
constant
remodeling
in
the
cell.
It
assumed
that
violation
of
MN
may
be
associated
with
various
pathologies,
including
Parkinson’s
disease
(PD).
Using
automatic
image
analysis
and
super-resolution
microscopy,
we
have
assessed
parameters
fibroblasts
from
patients
established
hereditary
PD
mutations
(associated
PINK1,
LLRK2,
α-synuclein,
PINK1
Parkin
simultaneously
proteins)
under
normal
conditions
after
hydrogen
peroxide-induced
stress.
Fibroblasts
Pink1/Parkin
mutation
are
most
different
morphology
obtained
conditionally
healthy
donors:
larger,
contains
longer
mitochondria
accumulated
individual
mitochondria.
In
addition
to
MN,
evaluated
other
cellular
parameters,
such
as:
cytosolic
ROS
production
membrane
potential.
has
been
shown
genes
encoding
α-synuclein
Pink/Parkin
tends
hyperpolarization
overproduction,
while
was
higher
only
mutation.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025
Abstract
Mitochondria
are
essential
for
cellular
function
and
viability,
serving
as
central
hubs
of
metabolism
signaling.
They
possess
various
metabolic
quality
control
mechanisms
crucial
maintaining
normal
activities.
Mitochondrial
genetic
disorders
can
arise
from
a
wide
range
mutations
in
either
mitochondrial
or
nuclear
DNA,
which
encode
proteins
other
contents.
These
defects
lead
to
breakdown
metabolism,
such
the
collapse
oxidative
phosphorylation,
one
mitochondria’s
most
critical
functions.
diseases,
common
group
disorders,
characterized
by
significant
phenotypic
heterogeneity.
Clinical
symptoms
manifest
systems
organs
throughout
body,
with
differing
degrees
forms
severity.
The
complexity
relationship
between
mitochondria
diseases
results
an
inadequate
understanding
genotype-phenotype
correlation
these
historically
making
diagnosis
treatment
challenging
often
leading
unsatisfactory
clinical
outcomes.
However,
recent
advancements
research
technology
have
significantly
improved
our
management
conditions.
translations
mitochondria-related
therapies
actively
progressing.
This
review
focuses
on
physiological
mitochondria,
pathogenesis
potential
diagnostic
therapeutic
applications.
Additionally,
this
discusses
future
perspectives
diseases.
Antioxidants,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(5), С. 568 - 568
Опубликована: Май 4, 2024
Age-related
macular
degeneration
(AMD)
severely
affects
central
vision
due
to
progressive
and
its
staggering
prevalence
is
rising
globally,
especially
in
the
elderly
population
above
55
years.
Increased
oxidative
stress
with
aging
considered
an
important
contributor
AMD
pathogenesis
despite
multifaceted
risk
factors
including
genetic
predisposition
environmental
agents.
Wet
can
be
managed
routine
intra-vitreal
injection
of
angiogenesis
inhibitors,
but
no
satisfactory
medicine
has
been
approved
for
successful
management
dry
form.
The
toxic
carbonyls
photo-oxidative
degradation
accumulated
bisretinoids
within
lysosomes
initiate
a
series
events
protein
adduct
formation,
impaired
autophagy
flux,
complement
activation,
chronic
inflammation,
which
implicated
AMD.
Therapy
based
on
antioxidants
extensively
studied
promising
effect
reducing
impact
stress.
This
paper
reviews
pathogenesis,
delineates
effectiveness
dietary
nutrition
supplements
clinical
studies,
explores
pre-clinical
studies
antioxidant
molecules,
extracts,
formulations
their
mechanistic
insights.
Physiologia Plantarum,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
177(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Abstract
Plant
sphingolipids
are
lipophilic
membrane
components
essential
for
different
cellular
functions
but
they
also
act
as
signaling
molecules
in
various
aspects
of
plant
development.
However,
the
interaction
between
and
abscission
remains
largely
uncharacterized.
Here,
possible
role
regulating
fruit
was
examined
zone
(AZ)
olive
fruit.
To
this
end,
sphingolipid
levels
were
manipulated
through
application
exogenous
long‐chain
bases
(LCBs)
or
biosynthesis
inhibitors,
their
effects
on
well
LCB/gene
expression,
hormones,
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
cell
death
AZ
Our
data
indicated
that
sphinganine
(d18:0)
induced
abscission,
whereas
sphingosine
(d18:1)
phytosphingosine
(t18:0)
phosphorylated
derivatives
did
not
have
an
effect
abscission.
Moreover,
inhibition
LCB
kinase
ceramide
synthase,
which
increases
AZ,
reduced
break
strength.
This
induction
is
associated
with
elevated
ROS
enriched
salicylic
acid
(SA)
jasmonic
(JA).
Along
same
line,
programmed
(PCD)
particularly
evident
distal
side
AZ.
These
suggest
endogenous
d18:0
plays
a
key
molecule
functioning
upstream
SA/JA
pathway
mediating
PCD
spatially
regulated
during
Overall,
findings
reported
here
provide
insight
into
complex
connection
LCBs,
uncovering
process.
Environmental Toxicology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
39(7), С. 3872 - 3882
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Abstract
Platycodi
radix
is
a
widely
used
herbal
medicine
that
contains
numerous
phytochemicals
beneficial
to
health.
The
health
and
biological
benefits
of
P.
have
been
found
across
various
diseases.
utilization
umbilical
cord
stromal
stem
cells,
derived
from
Wharton's
jelly
the
human
cord,
has
emerged
as
promising
approach
for
treating
degenerative
Nevertheless,
growing
evidence
indicates
function
cells
declines
with
age,
thereby
limiting
their
regenerative
capacity.
primary
objective
in
this
study
investigate
effects
senescent
cells.
We
conducted
experiments
showcase
diminished
levels
Lamin
B1
Sox‐2,
along
an
elevation
p21,
which
serve
indicative
markers
Our
findings
revealed
loss
coupled
increase
subjected
low‐dose
(0.1
μM)
doxorubicin
(Dox)
stimulation.
However,
restored
Dox‐damage
reversed
conditions
when
exposed
Dox‐induced
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
mitochondrial
membrane
potential
are
significantly
changed.
In
Dox‐challenged
aged
reduced
senescence,
increased
longevity,
prevented
dysfunction
ROS
protected
against
senescence‐associated
apoptosis.
This
suggests
might
be
therapeutic
rescue
agent
aging
effect
Inhibition
cell
death,
aging‐associated
provides
additional
insights
into
underlying
molecular
mechanisms.
Biomedicines,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(2), С. 282 - 282
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024
The
mitochondrial
network
(MN)
is
a
dynamic
structure
undergoing
constant
remodeling
in
the
cell.
It
assumed
that
perturbations
to
MN
may
be
associated
with
various
pathologies,
including
Parkinson's
disease
(PD).
Using
automatic
image
analysis
and
super-resolution
microscopy,
we
have
assessed
parameters
fibroblasts
from
patients
established
hereditary
PD
mutations
(associated
PINK1,
LRRK2,
α-synuclein,
as
well
PINK1
Parkin
proteins
simultaneously)
under
normal
conditions
after
hydrogen
peroxide-induced
stress.
Fibroblasts
Pink1/Parkin
mutation
are
most
different
morphology
obtained
conditionally
healthy
donors:
larger,
it
contains
longer
mitochondria
accumulated
individual
mitochondria.
In
addition
MN,
evaluated
other
cellular
parameters,
such
cytosolic
ROS
production
membrane
potential.
has
been
shown
of
genes
encoding
Pink/Parkin
tend
towards
hyperpolarization
overproduction,
while
was
higher
only
α-synuclein
mutations.
Mitochondrial Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2, С. 48 - 57
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Recent
high-resolution
pH
measurements
in
mitochondria
show
ΔpH
across
the
F1F0
ATP
synthase
to
be
quite
low,
0.07–0.32.
Our
meta-analysis
of
published
values
transmembrane
potential
(Δψ)
shows
it
identical
vivo
and
vitro:
-159
±
16
mV.
With
low
ΔpH,
thermodynamic
efficiency
proton-driven
synthesis
exceeds
100
%
for
average-
low-potential
(−123
mV)
mitochondria,
possibly
also
high-potential
(−180
mitochondria.
Efficiencies
exceeding
may
violate
second
law
thermodynamics,
suggest
a
need
localized
chemiosmosis,
i.e.,
existence
membrane
surface
that
bulk
phase
by
at
least
0.2
units
1.1
The
lack
equilibration
between
protons
those
is
explained
two
models
which
we
discuss
compare:
well/barrier
model,
TELP
protonic
capacitor
model.
Journal of Aging Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
2023, С. 1 - 9
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2023
Numerous
studies
have
depicted
the
role
of
diet
and
environmental
toxins
in
aging.
Melamine
(Mel)
is
a
globally
known
notorious
food
adulterant,
its
toxicity
has
been
shown
several
organs
including
brain.
However,
till
now,
there
are
no
reports
regarding
Mel
neurotoxicity
aging
neurons.
So,
this
study
examined
vitro
caused
by
D-galactose
(DG)-induced
model
neuronal
SH-SY5Y
cells.
In
present
study,
cells
were
treated
with
DG
separately
combination
to
assess
potential
using
MTT
assay
neurite
length
measurement.
Further,
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD),
catalase
(CAT),
total
antioxidant
activities
evaluated
followed
determination
intracellular
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
mitochondrial
membrane
(MMP),
caspase3
(Casp3)
activity.
The
cotreatment
showed
maximum
cell
death
than
or
individually
untreated
control
shrinkage
ROS
production
cotreated
showing
exacerbated
Mel.
activity
SOD,
CAT,
antioxidants
was
also
found
be
lowered
group
(Mel
+
DG)
Mel-
DG-treated
combined
elevated
Casp3
more
any
other
group.
This
first
increased
neurotoxic
an
which
implicates
that
consumption
elderly
may
lead
incidences
neurodegeneration
like
Alzheimer's
disease
Parkinson's
disease.
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
19(1), С. e0295737 - e0295737
Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024
Cigarette
smoke
has
been
recognized
as
a
major
risk
factor
for
cardiovascular
disease.
However,
its
direct
effects
on
rodent
and
human
cardiomyocytes
cellular
mechanisms
are
not
fully
understood.
In
this
study,
we
examined
the
of
cigarette
extract
(CSE)
contractile
functions,
intracellular
Ca
2+
dynamics,
mitochondrial
function
using
cultured
or
freshly
isolated
rat
ventricular
myocytes
induced
pluripotent
stem
cell
(iPS)-derived
cardiomyocytes.
cardiomyocytes,
CSE
(≥0.1%)
resulted
in
time-
concentration-dependent
cessation
spontaneous
beating
eventually
leading
to
death,
which
indicates
toxicity.
addition,
1%
reduced
myocytes.
Similar
dysfunction
(declined
rate
contractility)
was
also
observed
iPS-derived
Regarding
increased
transient
amplitude
by
greatly
increasing
systolic
levels
slightly
diastolic
levels.
accelerated
decay
transients,
triggered
spike-shaped
transients
some
cells.
These
results
indicate
that
causes
abnormal
dynamics
Furthermore,
cascade
dysfunctions,
including
reactive
oxygen
species,
opening
permeability
transition
pore,
reduction
membrane
potential,
release
cytochrome
c
from
mitochondria.
suggest
CSE-induced
myocardial
death
is
caused
subsequent
dysregulation,
would
result
bioenergetics
activation
pathways.
Aging and Cancer,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(1-2), С. 3 - 13
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Abstract
Ion
gradients
across
cell
membranes
generate
voltage
potentials
that
are
involved
in
a
wide
range
of
biological
processes.
According
to
the
membrane
hypothesis
aging,
aging
is
inextricably
linked
decrease
resting
potential
(
V
mem
).
Alterations
ion
channel
activity
and
fluidity
caused
by
disrupt
bioelectric
homeostasis,
increase
intracellular
calcium
potassium
concentrations,
induce
abnormal
mechanistic
target
rapamycin
(MTOR)‐
AMPK‐regulated
metabolism
energy
dissipation,
proliferation
regeneration.
Failure
maintain
leads
senescence
or
death.
There
evidence
manipulating
activities,
cryptic
memory
can
be
recalled
restore
lost
proliferative
regenerative
abilities.
Reversal
prevention
senescence,
phenotypes,
longevity
may
achieved
fine‐tuning
mitochondrial
polarization.
Therefore,
there
optimism
deciphering
codes
govern
functions
will
lead
development
new
gero‐electroceuticals
function
prevent
tissue
loss
during
aging.
