Interdisciplinary cancer research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(3), С. 1469 - 1469
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024
The discovery of the link between microRNAs (miRNAs) and a myriad human diseases, particularly various cancer types, has generated significant interest in exploring their potential as novel class drugs. This led to substantial investments interdisciplinary research fields such biology, chemistry, medical science for development miRNA-based therapies. Furthermore, recent global success SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 pandemic further revitalized RNA-based immunotherapies, including approaches treatment. Consequently, RNA therapeutics have emerged highly adaptable modular options therapy. Moreover, advancements chemistry delivery methods been pivotal shaping landscape immunotherapy, approaches. biotechnology pharmaceutical industry witnessed resurgence incorporating immunotherapies miRNA into programs. Despite progress preclinical research, field remains its early stages, with only few progressing clinical development, none reaching phase III trials or being approved by US Food Drug Administration (FDA), several facing termination due toxicity issues. These setbacks highlight existing challenges that must be addressed broad application therapeutics. Key include establishing sensitivity, specificity, selectivity towards intended targets, mitigating immunogenic reactions off-target effects, developing enhanced targeted delivery, determining optimal dosing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. Additionally, limited understanding precise functions miRNAs limits utilization. viable treatment, they technically economically feasible widespread adoption As result, thorough risk evaluation is crucial minimize prevent overdosing, address other Nevertheless, diseases evident, future investigations are essential determine applicability settings.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
87
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(14), С. 7974 - 7974
Опубликована: Июль 21, 2024
Gliomas, particularly glioblastoma (GBM), represent the most prevalent and aggressive tumors of central nervous system (CNS). Despite recent treatment advancements, patient survival rates remain low. The diagnosis GBM traditionally relies on neuroimaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans postoperative confirmation via histopathological molecular analysis. Imaging techniques struggle to differentiate between tumor progression treatment-related changes, leading potential misinterpretation delays. Similarly, tissue biopsies, while informative, are invasive not suitable for monitoring ongoing treatments. These challenges have led emergence liquid biopsy, through blood samples, a promising alternative monitoring. Presently, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling offers minimally means obtaining tumor-related information guide therapy. idea that any biofluid tests can be used screen many cancer types has huge potential. Tumors release various components into bloodstream other biofluids, including cell-free nucleic acids microRNAs (miRNAs), circulating DNA (ctDNA), cells (CTCs), proteins, extracellular vesicles (EVs) exosomes, metabolites, factors. factors been shown cross blood-brain barrier (BBB), presenting an opportunity well real-time assessment distinct genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic changes associated with brain tumors. their potential, clinical utility biopsy-based biomarkers is somewhat constrained by limitations absence standardized methodologies CSF collection, analyte extraction, analysis methods, small cohort sizes. Additionally, biopsies offer more precise insights morphology microenvironment. Therefore, objective biopsy should complement enhance diagnostic accuracy patients providing additional alongside traditional biopsies. Moreover, utilizing combination diverse biomarker may effectiveness compared solely relying one category, potentially improving sensitivity specificity addressing some existing GBM. This review presents overview latest research found in discusses diagnostic, predictive, prognostic indicators, future perspectives.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
Immunity Inflammation and Disease, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(12)
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023
Abstract Background Autoimmune diseases (AD) are severe pathophysiological ailments that stimulated by an exaggerated immunogenic response towards self‐antigens, which can cause systemic or site‐specific organ damage. An array of complex genetic and epigenetic facets majorly contributes to the progression AD, thus providing significant insight into regulatory mechanism microRNA (miRNA). miRNAs short, non‐coding RNAs have been identified as essential contributors post‐transcriptional regulation host genome expression crucial regulators a myriad biological processes such immune homeostasis, T helper cell differentiation, central peripheral tolerance, development. Aims This article tends deliberate conceptualize brief pathogenesis pertinent well miRNA networks affecting five different ADs namely rheumatoid arthritis (RA), type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis (MS), lupus erythematosus (SLE) inflammatory bowel disorder (IBD) thereby novel miRNA‐based theranostic interventions. Results & Discussion Pertaining differential attributed in target tissues cellular bodies innate adaptive immunity, paradigm scientific expeditions suggests optimistic correlation between dysfunction alterations. Conclusion Therefore, it is not astonishing dysregulations patterns now recognized wide spectrum disorders, establishing themselves potential biomarkers therapeutic targets. Owing its potencies, targets widely utilized development biosensors other molecules originating from same.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14
Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 476(9), С. 1383 - 1398
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
Abstract Oxygen sensing is of paramount importance for maintaining cellular and systemic homeostasis. In response to diminished oxygen levels, the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) orchestrate various biological processes. These pivotal transcription have been identified as key regulators several events. Notably, extensive research from our group others has demonstrated that HIF1α exerts an inverse regulatory effect on steroidogenesis, leading suppression crucial steroidogenic enzyme expression a subsequent decrease in steroid levels. hormones occupy roles governing myriad physiological Substantial or prolonged fluctuations levels carry detrimental consequences across multiple organ systems underlie pathological conditions, including metabolic immune disorders. MicroRNAs serve potent mediators multifaceted gene mechanisms, acting influential epigenetic modulate broad spectrum expressions. Concomitantly, phosphodiesterases (PDEs) play role signal transduction. PDEs meticulously manage intracellular both cAMP cGMP, along with their respective signaling pathways downstream targets. Intriguingly, intricate interplay seems exist between hypoxia signaling, microRNAs, regulation steroidogenesis. This review highlights recent advances understanding microRNAs during hypoxia-driven processes, well possibilities application HIF prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors modulation
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025
Summary The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to the pioneers who reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate and direct switch between physiological pathological pathways via their over- under-expression. discovery has not yielded any health benefit primarily due raw data with no clear distinction healthy diseased blood samples. MiRNAs exist at femtomolar level biological fluids, typically quantified using amplification-based techniques. Experimental nanopores have illustrated potential for trace analysis including amplification-free miRNA quantification. We repurposed MinION, only commercially available nanopore-array device, developed unique probes protocols quantify urine. Our report revealed (i) copies are proportional total RNA isolated from biospecimen, (ii) several known cancer biomarkers were 1.8-fold overexpressed samples breast, prostate pancreatic patients compared healthy. In contrast literature reports sample variability undetectable after normalization same content. Here earlier confirmed, conclusions extended ovarian, lung, colorectal cancer. of ready-to-use MinION/Yenos platform multiple early detection (MCED) urine is discussed.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Clinica Chimica Acta, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 120242 - 120242
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11
Опубликована: Май 13, 2024
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as key regulators in gene expression and play a crucial role immune responses, holding significant promise for diagnosing managing diseases farm animals. This review article summarizes current research on the of miRNAs various animal mycotoxicosis, highlighting their potential biomarkers using them mitigation strategies. Through an extensive literature review, we focused impact pathogenesis several diseases, including viral bacterial infections mycotoxicosis. They regulate by inducing mRNA deadenylation, decay, or translational inhibition, significantly impacting cellular processes protein synthesis. The revealed specific associated with diseases; instance, gga-miR-M4 is Marek’s disease, gga-miR-375 tumor-suppressing function Avian Leukosis. In swine disease such Porcine Respiratory Reproductive Syndrome (PRRS) influenza, like miR-155 miR-21-3p emerged regulatory factors. Additionally, our highlighted interaction between mycotoxins, suggesting can be used biomarker mycotoxin exposure. For example, alterations miRNA expression, dysregulation observed response to Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) chickens, may indicate mechanisms toxin-induced changes lipid metabolism leading liver damage. Our findings highlight early detection intervention management, potentially reducing economic losses agriculture. With only fraction functionally characterized animals, this underlines more altered distinct advanced technologies CRISPR-Cas9 screening, single-cell sequencing, integrated multi-omics approaches. Identifying targets offers novel pathway development strategies against exposure
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Clinica Chimica Acta, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 571, С. 120237 - 120237
Опубликована: Март 11, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(8), С. 3822 - 3822
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025
The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to the pioneers who reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate and direct switch between physiological pathological pathways via their over- underexpression. discovery changed medical landscape there are many completed on-going clinical studies based on miRNAs. MiRNAs occur at femtomolar level biological fluids typically quantified using amplification-based techniques. Experimental nanopores have illustrated potential for trace analysis including amplification-free miRNA quantification. We repurposed MinION, only commercially available nanopore array device, developed unique probes protocols detect measure copies blood urine. Here, we report proportional total RNA isolated from biospecimen, three known cancer biomarkers, i.e., miR-21, miR-375, miR-141, were more than 1.5-fold overexpressed samples breast, ovarian, prostate, pancreatic, lung, colorectal patients compared healthy patients. In these samples, miR-15b not overexpressed, agreement with earlier studies. contrast literature reports, sample variability undetectable this study. limitations of ready-to-use MinION/Yenos platform multiple-cancer early detection (MCED) urine discussed.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Cureus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2024
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis, primarily due to late diagnosis. Recent studies have focused on identifying non-invasive biomarkers for early detection, microRNAs (miRNAs) emerging as promising candidates. This systematic review aims evaluate the potential of circulating miRNAs detection PDAC, analyzing their diagnostic accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. Following Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, comprehensive search across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library was conducted. Studies published from January 2013 October 2023 focusing miRNA PDAC were included. Data synthesis performed through narrative approach heterogeneity studies. Nine met inclusion criteria. Key findings include elevated levels specific miRNAs, such miR-18a, miR-106a, miR-25, in early-stage patients compared controls. The integration profiles traditional like CA19-9 showed improved performance. However, challenges standardization evaluation methodologies noted. Circulating demonstrate significant detection. Despite results, further research are necessary clinical application.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3