Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Treatment Approaches for Diabetic Kidney Disease: Current Insights and Future Perspectives

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(3), С. 727 - 727

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Among individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), 30–40% are at risk developing DKD. This review focuses on mechanistic processes, available and emerging biomarkers for diagnosing, monitoring, preventing DKD, as well treatment options targeted DKD patients. A literature search was conducted PubMed Scopus using specific keywords. Inclusion exclusion criteria were applied to select articles used this review. The highlights various mechanisms involved in progression more severe stages. Additionally, several have been identified, which aid diagnosing monitoring disease. Furthermore, numerous approaches being explored address underlying causes Advanced research exploring new medications remission; sodium-glucose cotransport (SGLT2) inhibitors finerenone, particular, gaining attention their novel renoprotective effects. a major complication diabetes, marked by complex multifactorial mechanisms. Thus, understanding these processes essential therapies potentially reverse progression. Biomarkers show promise early diagnosis progression, while current strategies underscore importance multifaceted approach.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Targets of Novel Therapeutics for Diabetic Kidney Disease: A New Era of Nephroprotection

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(7), С. 3969 - 3969

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a chronic microvascular complication in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and the leading cause of end-stage (ESKD). Although glomerulosclerosis, tubular injury interstitial fibrosis are typical damages DKD, interplay different processes (metabolic factors, oxidative stress, inflammatory pathway, fibrotic signaling, hemodynamic mechanisms) appears to drive onset progression DKD. A growing understanding pathogenetic mechanisms, development new therapeutics, opening way for era nephroprotection based on precision-medicine approaches. This review summarizes therapeutic options linked specific molecular mechanisms including renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers, SGLT2 inhibitors, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists, endothelin aldosterone synthase inhibitors. In nephroprotection, these drugs, as pillars personalized medicine, can improve renal outcomes enhance quality life individuals

Язык: Английский

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Potential utilization of ferulic acid and its derivatives in the management of metabolic diseases and disorders: An insight into mechanisms

Cellular Signalling, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121, С. 111291 - 111291

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Exploring aldose reductase inhibitors as promising therapeutic targets for diabetes-linked disabilities

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 280, С. 135761 - 135761

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Tonabersat suppresses priming/activation of the NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and decreases renal tubular epithelial-to-macrophage crosstalk in a model of diabetic kidney disease

Cell Communication and Signaling, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024

Abstract Background Accompanied by activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, aberrant connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannel-mediated ATP release is situated upstream inflammasome assembly and inflammation contributes to multiple secondary complications diabetes associated cardiometabolic comorbidities. Evidence suggests there may be a link between Cx43 hemichannel activity in diabetic kidney. The consequences blocking tubular priming/activation NLRP3 model kidney disease (DKD) was investigated. We examined downstream markers proinflammatory chemoattractant role secretome on macrophage recruitment activation. Methods Analysis human transcriptomic data from Nephroseq repository correlated gene expression renal function DKD. Primary proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTECs) monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were cultured high glucose inflammatory cytokines as DKD assess activity, epithelial-to-macrophage paracrine-mediated crosstalk. Tonabersat assessed for hemichannels. Results Transcriptomic analysis biopsies patients with showed that increased declining glomerular filtration rate (GFR) proteinuria. In vitro, blocked glucose/cytokine-dependant increases reduced RPTECs. observed reciprocal relationship which exacerbated release, events driven nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB)-mediated priming opening, changes Tonabersat. Conditioned media (CM) RPTECs treated glucose/cytokines MDMs, an effect when pre-treated Co-culture using conditioned Tonabersat-treated dampened marker migration. Conclusion Using DKD, we report first time trigger instigate NLRP3-induced Recapitulating observations previously reported retinopathy, these suggest blockers (i.e., Tonabersat) dampen multi-system damage diabetes.

Язык: Английский

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Network pharmacology and molecular dynamics study of the effect of the Astragalus-Coptis drug pair on diabetic kidney disease

World Journal of Diabetes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(7), С. 1562 - 1588

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease. The

Язык: Английский

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Improved glycemic and weight control with Dulaglutide addition in SGLT2 inhibitor treated obese type 2 diabetic patients at high cardiovascular risk in a real-world setting. The AWARE -2 study

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 210, С. 107517 - 107517

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2024

We evaluated the effects on glycemic control and body weight of a GLP1-RA in obese type 2 diabetic patients treated with SGLT2-inhibitors other hypoglycemic agents and/or insulin, real-world setting. A cohort 583 outpatients SGLT2 inhibitor anti-diabetic medications were examined. Because had suboptimal control, Dulaglutide was added to ongoing medications. At 6 months, 334 follow-up visit. Patients classified terms cardiovascular risk (CVR) employing ESC-EASD 2019 criteria, AWARE app. The study's primary endpoints changes in: 1) HbA1c level, 2) BMI, 3) after six months treatment. Secondary evaluation addition patients: more or less than ten years T2DM; 75 age different subgroups CVR. In which visit, 65,9+9,8; 33.5 % (112) females 66.5 (222) males. After treatment, we found significant reduction levels (8.0+10.5 mmol/mol; p<0.0001) mass index (1.1+1.1 kg/m

Язык: Английский

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Mass-spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals that methylglyoxal and carnosine influence oxidative stress and RNA-processing associated proteins in renal proximal tubule epithelial cells

Molecular Biology Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 52(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Incidental Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients Newly Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cureus, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Objective: The objective of this study was to detect the prevalence incidental chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Method: This a cross-sectional conducted from July 2023 November 2024, at Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center Al-Rafidain Basrah, southern Iraq. A total 202 drug-naïve T2D were included. baseline clinical biochemical characteristics for inclusion. CKD by measuring estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR). Results: mean age included 49.1±12 years. 68 (33.7%) based on GFR <60 mL/minute/1.73 m2 and/or UACR ≥ 30 mg/g. categories G1, 2, G3a, 3b prevalent 71.3%, 24.2%, 3.0%, 1.5%, respectively. For albuminuria, 31.2% had 10-30 mg/g, 22.8% 30-300 7.9% higher than 300 stepwise binary regression analysis showed that patients' HbA1c levels factors significantly associated CKD. Conclusion: is one-third T2D. Early screening highly recommended as it will affect overall management.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in understanding and managing diabetic kidney disease: An updated review

Ukrainian Journal of Nephrology and Dialysis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 1(85), С. 66 - 80

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage (ESKD) are common complications of diabetes. Proteinuria is an early indicator glomerular basement membrane damage caused by diabetes, leading to diabetic (DKD). Edema, hypoproteinemia, proteinuria characteristics DKD. Blood sugar blood pressure control, along with detection, the primary strategies for preventing DKD slowing its progression. This review examines updates epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention Various keywords phrases used search Google, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar most recent articles published from January 2023 December 2024. Despite advancements in understanding pathogenesis development novel therapies, remains highly prevalent poor outcomes. The pathophysiology still not fully understood, gaps treatment strategies. Therefore, this aims explore these propose potential new therapies future research directions.

Язык: Английский

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