Extracellular vesicle-loaded hydrogels for tissue repair and regeneration

Materials Today Bio, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 18, С. 100522 - 100522

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a collective term for nanoscale or microscale secreted by cells that play important biological roles. Mesenchymal stem class of with the potential self-healing and multidirectional differentiation. In recent years, numerous studies have shown EVs, especially those mesenchymal cells, can promote repair regeneration various tissues and, thus, significant in regenerative medicine. However, due to rapid clearance capacity circulatory system, EVs barely able act persistently at specific sites target tissues. Hydrogels good biocompatibility loose porous structural properties allow them serve as EV carriers, thereby prolonging retention certain areas slowing release EVs. When needed function sites, EV-loaded hydrogels stand an excellent approach. this review, we first introduce sources, roles, extraction characterization methods describe their current application status. We then review different types discuss factors influencing abilities carry summarize several strategies loading into characterizing hydrogels. Furthermore, applications tissue repair. This article concludes summary state research on outlook future directions, which hope will provide promising ideas researchers.

Язык: Английский

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Engineering exosomes and biomaterial-assisted exosomes as therapeutic carriers for bone regeneration

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Март 29, 2023

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy has become an effective therapeutic approach for bone regeneration. However, there are still limitations in successful clinical translation. Recently, the secretome of mesenchymal cells, especially exosome, plays a critical role promoting repair and Exosomes nanosized, lipid bilayer-enclosed structures carrying proteins, lipids, RNAs, metabolites, growth factors, cytokines have attracted great attention their potential application regenerative medicine. In addition, preconditioning parental cells exosome engineering can enhance exosomes treating defects. Moreover, with recent advancements various biomaterials to functions exosomes, biomaterial-assisted promising strategy This review discusses different insights regarding roles regeneration summarizes applications as safe versatile agent delivery platforms. The current hurdles transitioning from bench bedside also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Injectable MMP1-sensitive microspheres with spatiotemporally controlled exosome release promote neovascularized bone healing

Acta Biomaterialia, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 157, С. 321 - 336

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2022

Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) can recruit stem cells for bone repair, with neovessels serving as the main migratory channel to injury site. However, existing exosome (Exo) delivery strategies cannot reach angiogenesis phase following injury. To that end, an enzyme-sensitive Exo material responds neovessel formation during was designed in present study achieve spatiotemporally controlled release. Herein, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) found be highly expressed neovascularized bone; a result, we proposed injectable MMP1-sensitive hydrogel microspheres (KGE) made using microfluidic chip prepared by mixing self-assembling peptide (KLDL-MMP1), GelMA, and BMSC-Exos. The results revealed KGE had uniform diameter of 50-70 µm, ideal minimally invasive injection could release response MMP1 expression. In vitro experiments demonstrated less cytotoxicity promote migration osteodifferentiation BMSCs. Furthermore, vivo confirmed repair recruiting CD90+ via neovessels. Collectively, our suggest enzyme-responsive promising Exo-secreting accelerating healing. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Exosomes spread through blood vessels activate participate but under normal circumstances, lacking sustained-release materials maintained until phase. this study, bone, then microsphere carries temporally spatially neovascularization, which maximizes ability cells. Different from previous focus on promoting accelerate healing, is brand new strategy stimuli-responsive formation. addition, preparation self-assembled also first time.

Язык: Английский

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Hydrogel-integrated exosome mimetics derived from osteogenically induced mesenchymal stem cells in spheroid culture enhance bone regeneration

Biomaterials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 317, С. 123088 - 123088

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Current status of nano-embedded growth factors and stem cells delivery to bone for targeted repair and regeneration

Journal of Orthopaedic Translation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 50, С. 257 - 273

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes Combined With Bone Grafts Ameliorate Bone Regeneration in Mandibular Defects

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Although scaffold materials serve as effective bone substitutes for mandibular reconstruction, their high resorption and biodegradation rates decrease the success of therapeutic effect. This study aims to explore regenerative potential bovine-derived osteoid matrix xenografts coupled with cell-free treatments. The was conducted a randomized in vivo experiment repair critical-sized defects rabbit mandibles. Two treatment groups were established 10 rabbits: right hemimandibles reconstructed xenograft (control), left dental pulp stem cell (DPSCs)-derived exosomes soaked (experimental group) within same rabbit. Micro-computed tomography histologic analysis performed at 4 weeks postoperatively. histopathologic revealed significant difference new formation scores between experimental group (4.87±0.78) control (2.87±0.41). micro-computer did not show statistically volume surface groups, it reveal that had greater mineral density, trabecular thickness, separation. combination DPSCs-derived proved be promising strategy enhancing repairing critical-size

Язык: Английский

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An Injectable Hydrogel Bioimplant Loaded with Engineered Exosomes and Triple Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs with Potential for Treating Bone and Joint Tuberculosis

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер Volume 20, С. 1285 - 1302

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Treatment for bone and joint tuberculosis (BJTB) is challenging due to its refractory recurrent nature. This study aimed develop a bioimplantable scaffold with osteoinductive antituberculosis characteristics treat BJTB. built on oxidized hyaluronic acid carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel mixed hydroxyapatite as tissue engineered material. In order make the have biological activity of promoting repair, exosomes (Exoeng) were added innovatively. addition, drug-loaded liposomes equipped an aldehyde group surface are cross-linked amine skeleton participate in Schiff base reaction. The designed has self-healing injectability exhibit excellent anti-tuberculosis repair activities. Exoeng strongly stimulates cellular angiogenesis osteogenic differentiation. coated can release three kinds drugs smoothly slowly, achieving long term anti-tuberculosis. composite bio-scaffold shows good long-term abilities, which expected provide viable treatment plan bone-related

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Ligament–Bone Integration After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Primary Repair in Rabbit

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 396 - 396

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Backgrounds: In this research, we want to find out whether extracellular vesicles (EVs) from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can improve ligament–bone integration after primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) repair by performing immunological and biomechanical tests. Methods: All of the rabbits underwent ACL resection at proximal attachment femur bone, then were divided into four groups. We performed an ELISA examination tissue bone–ligament interface iNOS, CD206, MMP-3, TIMP-1 evaluate their levels inflammatory stage end first week. Immunoexpression type I III collagen failure load tests sixth Result: The group that with EVs augmentation had significantly higher lower MMP-3 levels, in iNOS different compared control did not receive any. number fibers higher. Conclusions: MSCs outcome regulating process during healing period.

Язык: Английский

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The Exosome‐Mediated Bone Regeneration: An Advanced Horizon Toward the Isolation, Engineering, Carrying Modalities, and Mechanisms

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(19)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract Exosomes, nanoparticles secreted by various cells, composed of a bilayer lipid membrane, and containing bioactive substances such as proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, etc., have been intensively investigated in tissue engineering owing to their high biocompatibility versatile biofunction. However, there is still lack high‐quality review on bone defect regeneration potentiated exosomes. In this review, the biogenesis isolation methods exosomes are first introduced. More importantly, engineered current state knowledge discussed review. Afterward, biomaterial carriers mechanisms repair elucidated compelling evidence presented. Thus, future perspectives concerns revealed help devise advanced modalities based overcome challenges regeneration. It totally believed will attract special attention from clinicians provide promising ideas for works.

Язык: Английский

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Engineering extracellular vesicles for ROS scavenging and tissue regeneration

Nano Convergence, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2024

Abstract Stem cell therapy holds promise for tissue regeneration, yet significant challenges persist. Emerging as a safer and potentially more effective alternative, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells exhibit remarkable abilities to activate critical signaling cascades, thereby facilitating repair. EVs, nano-scale membrane vesicles, mediate intercellular communication by encapsulating diverse cargo of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. Their therapeutic potential lies in delivering cargos, activating pathways, efficiently mitigating oxidative stress—an essential aspect overcoming limitations cell-based This review focuses on engineering applying EVs emphasizing their role regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathways. Additionally, we explore strategies enhance EV activity, including functionalization incorporation antioxidant defense proteins. Understanding these molecular mechanisms is crucial optimizing EV-based regenerative therapies. Insights into ROS modulation pave the way targeted efficient therapies harnessing EVs.

Язык: Английский

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