DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay

Processes, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(8), С. 2248 - 2248

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2023

Today, there is an increasing interest in antioxidants, especially to prevent the known harmful effects of free radicals human metabolism and their deterioration during processing storage fatty foods. In both cases, natural-source antioxidants are preferred over synthetic antioxidants. So, has been a parallel increase use assays estimate antioxidant efficacy food systems. many bioanalytical methods that measure effect. Of these, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) removing assay most putative, popular, commonly used method determine ability. this review, general approach DPPH radical scavenging taken. context, studies, including attempts adapt different analytes, search for highest activity values, optimize measurement, have previously performed. Therefore, it highly important introduce measures aimed at standardizing conditions activity, various reaction media suitable assay. For aim, chemical basic principles defined discussed outline. addition, study describes defines sections biological Additionally, some chemical, critical, technical details removal given. This simple which prospective compounds or herbal extracts mixed with solution absorbance measured after certain period. However, despite rapid advances instrumental techniques analysis, not undergone extreme modification. presents detailed information about in-depth review developments.

Язык: Английский

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Determination of Antioxidant, Anti-Alzheimer, Antidiabetic, Antiglaucoma and Antimicrobial Effects of Zivzik Pomegranate (Punica granatum)—A Chemical Profiling by LC-MS/MS

Life, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(3), С. 735 - 735

Опубликована: Март 9, 2023

Zivzik pomegranate (Punica granatum) has recently sparked considerable interest due to its nutritional and antioxidant properties. To evaluate the capacities of P. granatum juice, ethanol (EEZP), water (WEZP) extracts from peel seed, methods 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid radical (ABTS•+) scavenging, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free (DPPH•) Fe3+-2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ) reducing, Fe3+ Cu2+ reducing were used. The samples compared with most commonly used synthetic antioxidants, i.e., BHA, BHT, α-tocopherol, Trolox. In terms setting an example, IC50 values EEZP for ABTS•+ DPPH• scavenging activities found be lower than standards, at 5.9 16.1 μg/mL, respectively. phenolic flavonoid contents in 59.7 mg GAE/g 88.0 QE/g, Inhibition α-glycosidase, α-amylase, acetylcholinesterase, human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II) enzymes was also investigated. demonstrated 7.3 μg/mL against 317.7 19.7 acetylcholinesterase (AChE), 106.3 CA enzymes. A total 53 compounds scanned, 30 determined using LC-MS/MS. E. coli S. aureus bacteria resistant all four antibiotics as standards hospitals.

Язык: Английский

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Synthesis of Schiff Bases Containing Phenol Rings and Investigation of Their Antioxidant Capacity, Anticholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase, and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition Properties

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(3), С. 779 - 779

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2023

The widespread usage of Schiff bases in chemistry, industry, medicine, and pharmacy has increased interest these compounds. derivative compounds have important bioactive properties. Heterocyclic containing phenol groups their structure the potential to capture free radicals that can cause diseases. In this study, we designed synthesized eight (10-15) hydrazineylidene derivatives (16-17), which contain moieties be used as synthetic antioxidants, for first time using microwave energy. Additionally, antioxidant effects (16-17) were studied by bioanalytical methods 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation radical (ABTS•+) 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) scavenging activities, Fe3+, Cu2+, Fe3+-TPTZ complex reducing capacities. context studies on found powerful DPPH (IC50: 12.15-99.01 μg/mL) ABTS•+ 4.30-34.65 μg/mL). inhibition abilities determined towards some metabolic enzymes including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), human carbonic anhydrase I II (hCAs II), are linked global disorders Alzheimer's disease (AD), epilepsy, glaucoma. enzyme inhibition, it was observed inhibited AChE, BChE, hCAs I, hCA with IC50 values ranges 16.11-57.75 nM, 19.80-53.31 26.08 ± 8.53 85.79 24.80 respectively. addition, light results obtained, hope study will useful guiding evaluation biological activities fields food, medical, pharmaceutical industries future.

Язык: Английский

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Screening of Antiglaucoma, Antidiabetic, Anti-Alzheimer, and Antioxidant Activities of Astragalus alopecurus Pall—Analysis of Phenolics Profiles by LC-MS/MS

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(5), С. 659 - 659

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023

Astragalus species are traditionally used for diabetes, ulcers, leukemia, wounds, stomachaches, sore throats, abdominal pain, and toothaches. Although the preventive effects of against diseases known, there is no record therapeutic alopecurus. In this study, we aimed to evaluate in vitro antiglaucoma, antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer's disease, antioxidant activities methanolic (MEAA) water (WEAA) extracts aerial part A. Additionally, its phenolic compound profiles were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). MEAA WEAA evaluated their inhibition ability on α-glycosidase, α-amylase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II) enzymes. The compounds LC-MS/MS. Furthermore, total flavonoid contents determined. context, activity was 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylene diamine (DMPD), ferric reducing power (FRAP), cupric ions (Cu2+) capacity (CUPRAC), (Fe3+) reducing, ferrous (Fe2+) chelating methods. had IC50 values 9.07 2.24 μg/mL 693.15 346.58 1.99 2.45 AChE, 147.7 171.7 hCA II. While amounts 16.00 18.50 μg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mg extract, both calculated as 66.23 33.115 quercetin (QE)/mg, respectively. showed, respectively, variable DPPH radical scavenging (IC50: 99.02 115.53 μg/mL), ABTS 32.21 30.22 µg/mL), DMPD 231.05 65.22 Fe2+ 46.21 33.01 μg/mL). abilities were, Fe3+ (λ700: 0.308 0.284), FRAP (λ593: 0.284 CUPRAC (λ450: 0.163 0.137). A 35 phenolics scanned, 10 determined LC-MS/MS analysis. revealed that mainly contained isorhamnetin, fumaric acid, rosmarinic derivatives. This first report indicating have abilities, activities. These results demonstrate potential through properties enzyme inhibitor medicine. work provides foundation further research into establishment novel therapeutics glaucoma, Alzheimer's disease.

Язык: Английский

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Comprehensive Phytochemical Content by LC/MS/MS and Anticholinergic, Antiglaucoma, Antiepilepsy, and Antioxidant Activity of Apilarnil (Drone Larvae)

Chemistry & Biodiversity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(10)

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023

Apilarnil is 3-7 days old drone larvae. It an organic bee product known to be rich in protein. In this study, the biological activities of were determined by its antioxidant and enzyme inhibition effects. Antioxidant Fe3+ , Cu2+ -TPTZ ((2,4,6-tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine), reducing ability 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH⋅) scavenging assays. Also, effects tested against carbonic anhydrase I II isoenzymes (hCA I, hCA II), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. activity was generally lower than standard molecules applied methods. DPPH⋅ radical assay, exhibited higher some standards. Enzyme results towards (IC50 : 14.2 μg/mL), II: 11.5 AChE 22.1 BChE 16.1 μg/mL) calculated. addition, quantity 53 different phytochemical compounds a validated method LC/MS/MS. Compounds with highest concentrations (mg analyte/g dry extract) as quinic acid (1091.045), fumaric (48.714), aconitic (47.218), kaempferol (39.946), quercetin (27.508). As result, it that had effective profile when compared antioxidants.

Язык: Английский

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Comprehensive structural analysis of polyphenols and their enzymatic inhibition activities and antioxidant capacity of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.)

Food Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 427, С. 136605 - 136605

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Bioactive compounds and biological activity in edible insects: A review

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(2), С. e24045 - e24045

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

New strategies to combat hunger are a current and urgent demand. The increase in population has generated high demand for products services that affect food production, cultivation areas, climate. Viable sustainable alternative sources have been sought meet quality requirements. In this context, edible insects good source of macro-nutrients, bioactive compounds confer biological properties improve their nutritional aspects benefit human health. This review aims present the benefits contributions from point view contribution macronutrients, compounds, as well consider some anti-nutritional reported insects. It was found possess most macronutrients necessary life rich commonly plants. These can vary significantly depending on developmental stage, diet, species However, they also contain phytochemicals which anti-nutrients predominate, adversely humans with allergenic reactions or reduced nutrient viability when consumed amounts prolonged periods. Hydrocyanide, oxalates, soluble oxalate, phytate studied anti-nutrients. doses at occur far below limits foods. addition, anti-nutrient levels decrease processing, such oven-drying defatting methods. there few studies, so more trials needed avoid generalizing. Therefore, be considered complete food.

Язык: Английский

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Comprehensive metabolic profiling of Thymus canoviridis (endemic) and Thymus pubescens var. pubescens using UPLC-MS/MS and evaluation of their antioxidant activities, enzyme inhibition abilities, and molecular docking studies

South African Journal of Botany, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 165, С. 478 - 493

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Capacity of Honey from Honey Bee (Apis mellifera): Spectrophotometric and Electrochemical Assay

ACS Omega, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(10), С. 10653 - 10661

Опубликована: Март 8, 2025

Quality parameters, physical–chemical characteristics, and antioxidant capacity are important to ensure the successful commercialization of honey. On other hand, presence antioxidants in foods gives them greater added value. Thus, based on study total (TAC), along with analysis phenolic compounds (TPC) flavonoid (TFC), it is possible classify honey according its composition. First, all samples were evaluated their polinic origin (melissopalynological analysis). The TAC was determined using both spectrophotometric methods (ferric reducing power, FRAP) electrochemical (ceric capacity, CRAC). All types exhibited significant values for TAC, TPC, TFC. To assess quality, methodologies such as moisture content, diastase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), acidity (TA), water activity (Aw) employed. Among analyzed samples, 5 2 showed high levels (20.10–20.87%), TA (65.12–65.49 mequiv kg–1), HMF (>60 mg surpassing limits set by Brazilian legislation. This indicates a potentially longer shelf life or possibility adulteration. Furthermore, concluded that color may interfere FRAP (r = 0.837). In this regard, CRAC assay presents new alternative evaluating bee products.

Язык: Английский

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Antioxidants: a comprehensive review

Archives of Toxicology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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