Long-term post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 infection: a retrospective, multi-database cohort study in Hong Kong and the UK

EClinicalMedicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 60, С. 102000 - 102000

Опубликована: Май 11, 2023

Evidence on post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) has shown inconsistent findings. This study aimed to generate coherent evidence the COVID-19 infection using electronic healthcare records across two regions.In this retrospective, multi-database cohort study, patients with aged 18 or above between April 1st 2020 and May 31st 2022 from Hong Kong Hospital Authority (HKHA) March 16th 2021 UK Biobank (UKB) databases their matched controls were followed for up 28 17 months, respectively. Covariates non-COVID-19 adjusted propensity score-based inverse probability treatment weighting. Cox proportional regression was used estimate hazard ratio (HR) clinical sequelae, cardiovascular, all-cause mortality 21 days after infection.A total 535,186 16,400 diagnosed HKHA UKB, whom 253,872 (47.4%) 7613 (46.4%) male, a mean age (±SD) 53.6 (17.8) years 65.0 (8.5) years, Patients incurred greater risk heart failure (HR 1.82; 95% CI 1.65, 2.01), atrial fibrillation (1.31; 1.16, 1.48), coronary artery disease (1.32; 1.07, 1.63), deep vein thrombosis (1.74; 1.27, 2.37), chronic pulmonary (1.61; 1.40, 1.85), acute respiratory distress syndrome (1.89; 1.04, 3.43), interstitial lung (3.91; 2.36, 6.50), seizure (2.32; 1.12, 4.79), anxiety disorder (1.65; 1.29, 2.09), post-traumatic stress (1.52; 1.23, 1.87), end-stage renal (1.76; 1.31, 2.38), kidney injury (2.14; 1.69, 2.71), pancreatitis (1.42; 1.10, 1.83), cardiovascular (2.86; 1.25, 6.51) (4.16; 2.11, 8.21) during phase infection.The consistent PASC highlighted need sustained multi-disciplinary care survivors.Health Bureau, The Government Special Administrative Region, Collaborative Research Fund, Region AIR@InnoHK, administered by Innovation Technology Commission, Region.

Язык: Английский

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Joint analysis of time-varying effect of vaccine and antiviral drug for preventing severe complications and mortality

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2025

This study investigated the time-varying effects of vaccines and oral antiviral drugs in preventing severe COVID-19 complications mortality Hong Kong. Utilizing data from hospitalized patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 between March 15, 2022, November 30, employed Andersen-Gill model time-dependent explanatory variables to address immortal time bias. Results demonstrate that both antivirals offered protection, showing significant waning after fourth dose. Oral were most effective if administered within five days diagnosis. Understanding these temporal is crucial for optimizing intervention strategies improving clinical outcomes. The also underscores importance considering pharmacodynamics vaccination schedules combating COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

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Dynamic learning for imbalanced data in learning chest X-ray and CT images

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(6), С. e16807 - e16807

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Massive annotated datasets are necessary for networks of deep learning. When a topic is being researched the first time, as in situation viral epidemic, handling it with limited might be difficult. Additionally, quite unbalanced this situation, findings coming from significant instances novel illness. We offer technique that allows class balancing algorithm to understand and detect lung disease signs chest X-ray CT images. Deep learning techniques used train evaluate images, enabling extraction basic visual attributes. The training objects' characteristics, instances, categories, relative data modeling all represented probabilistically. It possible identify minority category classification process by using an imbalance-based sample analyzer. In order address imbalance problem, samples examined. Support Vector Machine (SVM) categorize images clustering. Physicians medical professionals can use CNN model validate their initial assessments malignant benign categorization. proposed (3-Phase Dynamic Learning (3PDL)) parallel (Hybrid Feature Fusion (HFF)) multiple modalities achieve high F1 score 96.83 precision 96.87, its outstanding accuracy generalization suggest may utilized create pathologist's help tool.

Язык: Английский

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Real-World Study on Effectiveness of Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir in Unvaccinated Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases with Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 Infection Managed in Out-Patient Setting

Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(3), С. 610 - 610

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023

While molnupiravir (MOV) and nirmatrelvir–ritonavir (NMV-r) were developed for treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 infection, there has been a lack data on the efficacy among unvaccinated adult patients with chronic respiratory diseases, including asthma, obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) bronchiectasis. A territory-wide retrospective cohort study was conducted in Hong Kong investigate MOV NMV-r against severe outcomes diseases. total 3267 included. effective preventing failure (66.6%; 95% CI, 25.6–85.0%, p = 0.007), (77.0%; 6.9–94.3%, 0.039) statistical significance, related hospitalization (43.9%; −1.7–69.0%, 0.057) in-hospital mortality (62.7%; −0.6–86.2, 0.051) borderline significance. (48.2%; CI 0.5–73.0, 0.048) (58.3%; 22.9–77.4, 0.005) but not (p 0.16) 0.10). In summary, both are reducing

Язык: Английский

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Vaccine effectiveness of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac against SARS-CoV-2 omicron infection and related hospital admission among people with substance use disorder in Hong Kong: a matched case-control study

The Lancet Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(6), С. 403 - 413

Опубликована: Май 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Unravelling COVID-19 vaccination attributes worldwide: an extensive review regarding uptake, hesitancy, and future implication

Annals of Medicine and Surgery, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 85(7), С. 3519 - 3530

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2023

Since the declaration of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, all efforts were directed towards limiting transfer and preventing severe forms from occurring. In this regard, numerous vaccines quickly developed to limit associated morbidity mortality reduce burden on healthcare systems worldwide. However, date, vaccine hesitancy remains a major limitation distribution, with varying degrees in different countries. Therefore, authors conducted literature review highlight magnitude issue throughout globe summarize some its causes (i.e. governmental, system-related, population-related, vaccine-related) contributing factors knowledge/awareness, social media, etc.). addition, highlighted main motivating that can minimize at population, worldwide levels. These include structural government, country), extrinsic family, friends), intrinsic self-perception), other (financial nonfinancial). Finally, proposed implications for future research ease vaccination process hopefully, put an end problem.

Язык: Английский

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Comparing psychiatric symptom networks between individuals in resilience and non-resilience trajectories of adaptation amid the global pandemic

Journal of Affective Disorders, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The current study compared symptom networks between individuals exhibiting resilience and non-resilience trajectories of adaptation two years after the COVID-19 outbreak. A population-representative sample (N = 906) reported symptoms anxiety depression in February-July 2020 (T1), March-August 2021 (T2), September 2021-February 2022 (T3), as well post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) adjustment (AD) at T3. After differentiating with using growth mixture modeling, network analyses were conducted to investigate group differences T3 (undirected directed). Despite non-significant (M 0.184, p .380; S 0.096, .681), distinctive qualitative characteristics observed networks. Difficulty relaxing was identified single root cause more diffused network, depressive additional starting points which interconnected into clusters clear-cut diagnostic boundaries. Sad mood demonstrated a transdiagnostic communicative role across common mental disorders. Our results contribute understanding anxiety-depression-PTSD-AD resilient non-resilient by highlighting consequences heterogeneity capacity development pandemic-related psychopathology.

Язык: Английский

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Viral load detection on surgical mask worn by patients with acute respiratory virus infection

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. e42913 - e42913

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 infection control practices in designated quarantine hotels in Hong Kong SAR (China), 2020–2022: key elements in preparing for the next pandemic

Western Pacific surveillance response journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1), С. 12 - 18

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

Despite the widespread use of designated quarantine hotels to minimize transmission COVID-19 from imported cases, there is scant literature on infrastructure and operational requirements such facilities. Travellers Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) (China) were required undergo in for up 21 days. Prior operation, all these modified hotel staff received structured training infection control practices. We conducted retrospective reviews procedures protocols that followed convert manage commercial as during early part pandemic. also reviewed provided compliance monitoring. Finally, we intra-hotel outbreak investigations between April 2021 June 2022. Designated 842 510 quarantined travellers December 2020 October Ten outbreaks reported, affecting 28 guests (0.003%) two staff. Prompt epidemiological investigation action stopped further transmission. In SAR (China), successfully minimized cases community should be considered integrated response plans future pandemics. Based our pandemic experience, recommend specifying centres ensure adequate ventilation inside guest rooms corridors, functioning drainage systems adoption stringent installation closed-circuit television cameras common areas support monitoring investigation.

Язык: Английский

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Protection and waning of vaccine-induced, natural and hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong

Expert Review of Vaccines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 26, 2025

As the COVID-19 pandemic transitions into its fourth year, understanding dynamics of immunity is critical for implementing effective public health measures. This study examines vaccine-induced, natural, and hybrid to SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong, focusing on their protective effectiveness waning characteristics against infection during Omicron BA.1/2 dominant period. We conducted a territory-wide retrospective cohort using vaccination records from Kong Department Health. The analysis included over 6.5 million adults, applying Andersen-Gill model estimate while addressing selection bias through inverse probability weighting. Vaccine-induced peaked one month after first dose but waned rapidly, boosters significantly prolonged protection. Infection-induced showed higher initial declined faster than vaccine-induced immunity. Hybrid provided most durable mRNA vaccines (Comirnaty) demonstrated greater slower compared inactivated (CoronaVac). represents strategy sustained protection SARS-CoV-2. Public policies should emphasize booster campaigns pathways enhance population-level guide future management Kong.

Язык: Английский

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