Vaccine hesitancy: Beliefs and barriers associated with COVID‐19 vaccination among Egyptian medical students

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 93(7), С. 4280 - 4291

Опубликована: Март 1, 2021

Abstract Background Vaccine hesitancy poses serious challenges for achieving coverage population immunity. It is necessary to achieve high COVID‐19 vaccination acceptance rates and medical students’ as future health care providers. The study aimed explore the level of vaccine determine factors barriers that may affect decision‐making. Methods A cross‐sectional was carried out among students in Tanta Kafrelsheikh Universities, Egypt. Data collection done via an online questionnaire during January 2021 from 2133 students. Results majority participant (90.5%) perceived importance vaccine, 46% had hesitancy, equal percentage (6%) either definitely accepted or refused vaccine. Most concerns regarding vaccine's adverse effects (96.8%) ineffectiveness (93.2%). most confirmed were deficient data (potential 74.17% unknown 56.31%) insufficient information itself (72.76%). Conclusion government, authority decision‐makers, experts, universities Egypt need work together make efforts reduce raise awareness about vaccinations, consequently improving vaccines.

Язык: Английский

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Potential factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy: A systematic review

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(3), С. e0265496 - e0265496

Опубликована: Март 23, 2022

Although vaccines are considered the most effective and fundamental therapeutic tools for consistently preventing COVID-19 disease, worldwide vaccine hesitancy has become a widespread public health issue successful immunization. The aim of this review was to identify an up-to-date concise assessment potential factors influencing acceptance refusal intention, outline key message in order organize these according country count.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Roll-Out in South Africa and Zimbabwe: Urgent Need to Address Community Preparedness, Fears and Hesitancy

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(3), С. 250 - 250

Опубликована: Март 12, 2021

South Africa became one of the first African countries to receive COVID-19 vaccine. As rest prepares vaccines, most in have set up national-level coordination committees for developing national vaccination deployment plans. While main focus these has been on setting strategies that facilitate swift distribution vaccines once they are available, role effective public health awareness should not be ignored. Countries must devise how best enhance understanding and curb misinformation about vaccines. With this viewpoint, we unpack threat vaccine hesitancy offer recommendations communication Zimbabwean contexts.

Язык: Английский

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The Perception and Attitudes toward COVID-19 Vaccines: A Cross-Sectional Study in Poland

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(4), С. 382 - 382

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2021

Vaccine hesitancy is a major threat to the success of COVID-19 vaccination programs. The present cross-sectional online survey adult Poles (n = 1020) expressing willingness receive vaccine was conducted between February and March 2021 aimed assess (i) general trust in different types vaccines, (ii) level acceptance vaccines already use Poland (BNT162b2 by BioNTech/Pfizer, mRNA-1273 Moderna AZD1222 Oxford/AstraZeneca) as well eight approved outside European Union (EU) or advanced stages clinical trials, (iii) fear against COVID-19, (iv) main sources information on vaccination. Among all technology, highest observed for mRNA platform, with considerable number surveyed (>20%) not aware existence produced using traditional approach (inactivated live attenuated vaccines). age participants factor differentiating particular type. Both BNT162b received high acceptance, contrary AZD1222. From unauthorized EU at moment study, CVnCoV (mRNA; CureVac) met trust, followed Ad26.COV2.S (vector; Janssen/Johnson&Johnson) NVX-CoV2373 (protein; Novavax). Sputnik V Gamaleya Research Institute) decidedly least trusted vaccine. median (measured 10-point Likert-type scale) studied group 4.0, mostly related risk serious allergic reactions, other severe adverse events unknown long-term effects Female, individuals lower education those seeking any revealed higher Experts’ materials were source group. study shows can vary much across producers while are acceptance. It also emphasizes need effective continuous science communication when fighting pandemic it may be an ideal time increase awareness vaccines.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of Information about COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness and Side Effects on Behavioural Intentions: Two Online Experiments

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(4), С. 379 - 379

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2021

The success of mass COVID-19 vaccination campaigns rests on widespread uptake. However, although vaccinations provide good protection, they do not offer full immunity and while likely reduce transmission the virus to others, extent this remains uncertain. This produces a dilemma for communicators who wish be transparent about benefits harms encourage continued caution in vaccinated individuals but undermine confidence an important public health measure. In two large pre-registered experimental studies quota-sampled UK participants we investigate effects providing communication—including uncertainty—about effectiveness decision-making. Study 1 (n = 2097) report that detailed information vaccines, including results clinical trials, does have significant impact beliefs efficacy such concerns over side effects, or intentions receive vaccine. 2 2217) addressed highlighting need maintain protective behaviours (e.g., social distancing) post-vaccination may lower perceptions vaccine willingness We find evidence this: messages did significantly efficacy, some cases increased efficacy. again no main effect both suggest transparently informing people limitations neither it increase engage post-vaccination.

Язык: Английский

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An Updated Review of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines and the Importance of Effective Vaccination Programs in Pandemic Times

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(5), С. 433 - 433

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2021

Since the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic was declared a year ago, search for vaccines has become top priority in order to restore normalcy after 2.5 million deaths worldwide, overloaded sanitary systems, and huge economic burden. Vaccine development represented step towards desired herd immunity short period of time, owing high level investment, focus researchers, urge authorization faster administration vaccines. Nevertheless, this objective may only be achieved by pursuing effective strategies policies various countries worldwide. In present review, some aspects involved accomplishing successful vaccination program are addressed, addition importance face unwillingness, conspiracy theories, or lack information among public. Moreover, we provide updated points related landscape clinical vaccine candidates, specifically, five that already being assessed Phase IV trials (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222, Ad26.COV2.S, CoronaVac).

Язык: Английский

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What are the reasons for refusing a COVID-19 vaccine? A qualitative analysis of social media in Germany

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2022

Abstract Background Vaccination against COVID-19 has been available in Germany since December 2020. However, about 30% of the population report not wanting to be vaccinated. In order increase willingness get vaccinated, data on acceptance vaccination and its influencing factors are necessary. Little is known why individuals refuse vaccination. The aim this study was investigate reasons leading rejecting vaccination, based posts from three social media sites. Methods German-language versions Instagram, Twitter YouTube were searched regarding negative attitudes towards Data extracted until a saturation effect could observed. included created January 20, 2020 May 2, 2021. This time frame roughly covers period first reports spread SARS-CoV-2 up general availability vaccines Germany. We used an interpretive thematic approach analyze inductively generate codes, subcategories categories. Results Based 333 written by 323 contributing users, we identified six main categories for refusing vaccination: Low perceived benefit low risk contracting COVID-19, health concerns, lack information, systemic mistrust spiritual or religious reasons. analysis reveals information among users misinformation with regard Users feel inadequately informed do understand available. These gaps may related being sufficiently sensitive needs target group. addition limited population, internet can also important reason Conclusions emphasizes relevance providing trustworthy quality-assured all groups. addition, vaccinations should easily accessible promote population’s

Язык: Английский

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Oral antiviral treatments for COVID-19: opportunities and challenges

Pharmacological Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 74(6), С. 1255 - 1278

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2022

The use of antiviral COVID-19 medications can successfully inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and prevent disease progression to a more severe form. However, the timing treatment plays crucial role in this regard. Oral drugs provide an opportunity manage infection without need for hospital admission, easing general burden that have on healthcare system. This review paper (i) presents potential pharmaceutical targets, including various host-based targets viral-based (ii) characterizes first-generation anti-SARS-CoV-2 oral (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir molnupiravir), (iii) summarizes clinical progress other antivirals COVID-19, (iv) discusses ethical issues such trials (v) challenges associated with practice. represent part strategy adapt long-term co-existence manner prevents from being overwhelmed. It is pivotal ensure equal fair global access currently available those authorized future.

Язык: Английский

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Barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccination in sub-saharan Africa: a systematic review

BMC Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Май 26, 2023

Abstract Background Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Globally, both men and women have a 50% risk of being infected at least once in their life. HPV prevalence among highest sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), an average 24%. causes different types cancers, including cervical cancer (CC), which leading cause deaths SSA. HPV-vaccination has been proven to be effective reducing induced cancers. SSA countries are delayed reaching WHO’s target fully vaccinating 90% girls within age 15 by 2030. Our systematic review aims identify barriers facilitators inform national implementation strategies region. Methods This mixed method based on PRISMA statement The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual. Search were adapted each selected database: PubMed/MEDLINE, Livivo, Google Scholar, Science Direct, African Journals Online for papers published English, Italian, German, French Spanish between 1 December 2011 31 2021. Zotero Rayyan software used data management. appraisal was conducted three independent reviewers. Results A total 20 articles from initial 536 articles. Barriers included: limited health system capacities, socio-economic status, stigma, fear costs vaccines, negative experience with vaccinations, COVID-19 pandemic, lack correct information, education (HE) consent. Additionally, we found that boys scarcely considered parents stakeholders. Facilitators information knowledge, policy implementation, positive HE, stakeholders’ engagement, women’s empowerment, community seasonality, target-oriented vaccination campaigns. Conclusions synthesizes HPV-vaccinations Addressing these can contribute more immunization programs targeted eliminating CC line WHO 90/70/90 strategy. Registration funding Protocol ID: CRD42022338609 registered International Prospective Register Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Partial funds: German Centre Infection research (DZIF) project NAMASTE: 8,008,803,819.

Язык: Английский

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It’s All in the Embedding! Fake News Detection Using Document Embeddings

Mathematics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(3), С. 508 - 508

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023

With the current shift in mass media landscape from journalistic rigor to social media, personalized is becoming new norm. Although digitalization progress of brings many advantages, it also increases risk spreading disinformation, misinformation, and malformation through use fake news. The emergence this harmful phenomenon has managed polarize society manipulate public opinion on particular topics, e.g., elections, vaccinations, etc. Such information propagated can distort perceptions generate unrest while lacking traditional journalism. Natural Language Processing Machine Learning techniques are essential for developing efficient tools that detect Models context textual data resolving news detection problem, as they manage encode linguistic features within vector representation words. In paper, we propose a approach uses document embeddings build multiple models accurately label articles reliable or fake. We present benchmark different architectures using binary multi-labeled classification. evaluated five large corpora accuracy, precision, recall. obtained better results than more complex state-of-the-art Deep Neural Network models. observe most important factor obtaining high accuracy encoding, not classification model's complexity.

Язык: Английский

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