A synthesis of evidence for policy from behavioural science during COVID-19

Nature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 625(7993), С. 134 - 147

Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2023

Scientific evidence regularly guides policy decisions

Язык: Английский

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Knowledge and attitudes of health care workers about monkeypox virus infection in Southern Italy

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2023

This present survey sought to investigate the level of knowledge and attitudes pertaining monkeypox (mpox) virus infection among a sample health care workers (HCWs) in Italy, as well possible role different factors on these outcomes.The cross-sectional was performed from July through October, 2022 at four randomly selected hospitals located Southern Italy.The questionnaire completed by 421 HCWs, for an overall 59% response rate. Less than two-thirds were able define disease correct answer transmission mechanisms ranged 22.8% contact with contaminated objects 75.8% close body fluids. Only 4% 12.8% indicated HCWs elderly/frail/people underlying immune deficiencies risk groups. The mean score assessment mpox 3.4 (0-9). multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lower number years working experience those who had acquired information about scientific journals more likely have higher knowledge. average perception severity 6.3. A similar value 6.1 has been observed statement is serious problem population. Regarding concern contracting mpox, 5.1. 10.5% reported they feel this can be prevented, 6.5. Almost all are still living usual, no modification their behavior fear mpox. results model women, needed additional disease.This demonstrated unsatisfactory toward only nearly half positive attitudes. Strategic training programs should made so acquired.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10, С. e54769 - e54769

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024

The unprecedented emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated development and global distribution vaccines, making understanding vaccine acceptance hesitancy crucial to overcoming barriers vaccination achieving widespread immunization.

Язык: Английский

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Vaccine Resistance and Hesitancy among Older Adults Who Live Alone or Only with an Older Partner in Community in the Early Stage of the Fifth Wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(7), С. 1118 - 1118

Опубликована: Июль 13, 2022

Vaccination is an effective way in providing protection against COVID-19 infection and severe outcomes. However, vaccine resistance hesitancy are a great concern among vulnerable populations including older adults who live alone or only with partner. This study examined their vaccination status reasons associated factors of hesitancy. A cross-sectional was conducted living partner communities Hong Kong. Participants were interviewed between October 2021 February 2022. Logistic regression analyses employed to examine Of the 2109 included participants, mean age 79.3 years (SD 7.6), 1460 (69.2%) female, 1334 (63.3%) lived alone, 1621 (76.9%) receiving social security support. The uptake, non-uptake (i.e., resistance), rates 50.1%, 34.4%, 15.5%, respectively. top four for "Not feeling good health" (27%), "Worry about side effects" (18%), "Feeling no need" (10%), "Lack recommendation from doctors" (9%). Vaccine significantly age, more chronic conditions, fewer types media use, lower self-rated health status. Similar associations can be observed separate analysis hesitancy, ever hospital admission over past 6 months additionally related Older people had low rate. Poor worry effects most common Actions greatly needed improve uptake rate this population, especially those older, have poorer health, use less media.

Язык: Английский

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Review on the use of eLearning in teacher education during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in Africa

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(2), С. e13308 - e13308

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2023

This study explored the use of eLearning in teacher education during COVID-19 Africa. The literature review was an important source information for this and employed a historical design. From review, findings indicate that accommodates all people regardless their geographical background enhances learner-centeredness self-study opportunities. Findings also it access to updated content students is cost-effective as opposed conventional methods need presence teacher, buildings, teaching learning materials, physical libraries. However, faces challenges such health-related problems because excessive computers long time which may result low vision. challenge digital divide lack stable Internet services connectivity they are rarely accessed many colleges universities including, availability African countries. Further, other based on its vulnerability online attacks websites lead questioning quality provided through model. key argument will remain unavoidable option provision world countries particular at threshold global pandemic similar risks involved. Governments invest by strengthening improving Information, Communication, Technology (ICT) infrastructure, i.e., Televisions (TVs) educational institutions sustain students' pandemics unpredictable situations.

Язык: Английский

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Key Considerations during the Transition from the Acute Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(9), С. 1502 - 1502

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has been met with an unprecedented response from the scientific community, leading to development, investigation, and authorization of vaccines antivirals, ultimately reducing impact SARS-CoV-2 on global public health. However, is far being eradicated, continues evolve, causes substantial health economic burdens. In this narrative review, we posit essential points its responsible management during transition acute phase pandemic. As discussed, despite Omicron (sub)variant(s) causing clinically milder infections, a negligible pathogen. It requires continued genomic surveillance, particularly if one considers that future (sub)lineages do not necessarily have be milder. Antivirals remain elements in management. former could benefit further development improvements dosing, while seasonal administration latter simplification increase interest tackle vaccine hesitancy. also ensure accessibility pharmaceuticals low-income countries improve understanding their use context long-term goals Regardless location, primary role awareness education must played by healthcare workers, who directly communicate patients serve as models for healthy behaviors.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Social Media in Health Misinformation and Disinformation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Bibliometric Analysis

JMIR Infodemiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 3, С. e48620 - e48620

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2023

Background The use of social media platforms to seek information continues increase. Social can be used disseminate important people worldwide instantaneously. However, their viral nature also makes it easy share misinformation, disinformation, unverified information, and fake news. unprecedented reliance on during the COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by increased incidents misinformation disinformation. Consequently, there an increase in number scientific publications related role disseminating health disinformation at height pandemic. Health especially periods global public disasters, lead erosion trust policy makers best fatal consequences worst. Objective This paper reports a bibliometric analysis aimed investigating evolution research as driver since start Additionally, this study identify top trending keywords, niche topics, authors, publishers for publishing papers current research, well collaboration between authors topics Methods Scopus database accessed June 8, 2023, using combination Medical Subject Heading author-defined terms create following search phrases that targeted title, abstract, keyword fields: (“Health*” OR “Medical”) AND (“Misinformation” “Disinformation” “Fake News”) (“Social media” “Twitter” “Facebook” “YouTube” “WhatsApp” “Instagram” “TikTok”) (“Pandemic*” “Corona*” “Covid*”). A total 943 published 2020 2023 were analyzed Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation), VOSviewer (Centre Science Technology Studies, Leiden University), Biblioshiny package Bibliometrix (K-Synth Srl) RStudio (Posit, PBC). Results highest from 2022 (387/943, 41%). Most (725/943, 76.9%) articles. JMIR most (54/943, 5.7%). Authors United States collaborated most, with 311 coauthored papers. keywords “Covid-19,” “social media,” “misinformation” 3 whereas “learning systems,” models,” algorithms” revealed outbreak. Conclusions Collaborations productivity citation counts. Niche such could exploited researchers future studies analyze influence emergencies.

Язык: Английский

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Applications of Social Media and Digital Technologies in COVID-19 Vaccination: Scoping Review

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25, С. e40057 - e40057

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2023

Social media and digital technologies have played essential roles in disseminating information promoting vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a need to summarize applications analytical techniques of social monitoring vaccine attitudes administering vaccines.We aimed synthesize global evidence on explore their avenues promote vaccination.We searched 6 databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, Embase, EBSCO, IEEE Xplore) for English-language articles from December 2019 August 2022. The search terms covered keywords relating media, technology, vaccines. Articles were included if they provided original descriptions or health technologies/solutions vaccination. Conference abstracts, editorials, letters, commentaries, correspondence articles, study protocols, reviews excluded. A modified version Appraisal Tool Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS tool) was used evaluate quality media-related studies. review undertaken with guidance Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses extension Scoping Reviews.A total 178 our review, including 114 64 technology articles. has been applied sentiment/emotion analysis, topic behavioral dissemination engagement analysis around Of these, sentiment most common, data being primarily analyzed by lexicon-based machine learning techniques. accuracy reliability can seriously affect public toward vaccines, misinformation often leads hesitancy. Digital determine strategy, predict process, optimize distribution delivery, provide safe transparent certificates, perform postvaccination surveillance. algorithms, blockchain, mobile health, Internet Things, other technologies, although some barriers popularization.The addressing vaccination-related issues represent an irreversible trend. Attention should be paid ethical inequities arising divide while applying these technologies.

Язык: Английский

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Modifiable risk factors of vaccine hesitancy: insights from a mixed methods multiple population study combining machine learning and thematic analysis during the COVID-19 pandemic

BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

Abstract Background Vaccine hesitancy, the delay in acceptance or reluctance to vaccinate, ranks among top threats global health. Identifying modifiable factors contributing vaccine hesitancy is crucial for developing targeted interventions increase vaccination uptake. Methods This mixed-methods multiple population study utilized gradient boosting machines and thematic analysis identify predictors of during COVID-19 pandemic. Predictors were investigated 2926 Norwegian adults ( M age = 37.91, 79.69% female), before predictive utility these variables was an independent sample 734 UK 40.34, 57.08% female). Two teams authors conducted machine learning analyses, blind each other’s analytic procedures results. Results The model performed well discerning hesitant n 248, 8.48% 109, 14.85%, Norway UK, respectively) from uptaking individuals 2678, 91.52% 625, 85.15%), achieving AUC 0.94 (AUPRC: 0.72; balanced accuracy: 86%; sensitivity 0.81; specificity 0.98) sample, 0.98 0.89; 89%; 0.83; 0.97) out-of-sample replication UK. mixed methods investigation identified five categories risk tied including illusion invulnerability, doubts about efficacy, mistrust official entities, minimization societal impact COVID-19, health-related fears vaccination. portrayal rare incidents across alternative media platforms as fear amplifiers, mainstream media’s stigmatizing presentation unvaccinated individuals, provided additional motives underlying polarization. further revealed information overload, needles, previous negative experiences, not getting healthcare follow-up after if needed, aversion due (psychiatric) illness (e.g., eating disorders) hesitance. Conclusions influential consistent two European samples, highlighting their generalizability populations. These offer insights that could be adapted by public health campaigns mitigating misconceptions related toward increasing Moreover, results highlight responsibility, mediators perception vaccines, minimize polarization provide accurate portrayals vaccine-related incidents, reducing aggravating reactance

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating expectations from social and behavioral science about COVID-19 and lessons for the next pandemic

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2022

Social and behavioral science research proliferated during the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting substantial increase in influence of public health policy more broadly. This review presents a comprehensive assessment 742 scientific articles on human behavior COVID-19. Two independent teams evaluated 19 substantive recommendations (“claims”) potentially critical aspects behaviors pandemic drawn from most widely cited papers Teams were made up original authors an team, all whom blinded to other team member reviews throughout. Both found evidence support 16 claims; for two claims, only null evidence; no claims did find effects opposite direction. One claim had available assess. Seemingly due risks studies limited surveys, highlighting need investment field validation studies. The strongest findings indicate interventions that combat misinformation polarization, utilize effective forms messaging engage trusted leaders emphasize positive social norms.

Язык: Английский

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