International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(3), С. 1345 - 1345
Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025
Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by nearly all cell types and have emerged as novel mechanism for intercellular communication within the central nervous system (CNS). These facilitate transport proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, metabolites between neurons glial cells, playing pivotal role in CNS development maintenance homeostasis. Current evidence indicates that exosomes from cells may function either inhibitors or enhancers onset progression neurological disorders. Furthermore, been found to disease-related molecules across blood–brain barrier, enabling their detection peripheral blood. This distinctive property positions promising diagnostic biomarkers conditions. Additionally, growing body research suggests derived mesenchymal stem exhibit reparative effects context review provides concise overview functions both physiological pathological states, with particular emphasis on emerging roles potential therapeutic agents treatment diseases.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1Tumor dormancy and relapse: understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer recurrence
Military Medical Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025
Abstract Cancer recurrence, driven by the phenomenon of tumor dormancy, presents a formidable challenge in oncology. Dormant cancer cells have ability to evade detection and treatment, leading relapse. This review emphasizes urgent need comprehend dormancy its implications for recurrence. Despite notable advancements, significant gaps remain our understanding mechanisms underlying lack reliable biomarkers predicting provides comprehensive analysis cellular, angiogenic, immunological aspects dormancy. It highlights current therapeutic strategies targeting dormant cells, particularly combination therapies immunotherapies, which hold promise preventing By elucidating these proposing innovative research methodologies, this aims deepen ultimately facilitating development more effective recurrence improving patient outcomes.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1Exosomal Dynamics and Brain Redox Imbalance: Implications in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology and Diagnosis
Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(3), С. 316 - 316
Опубликована: Март 5, 2024
Oxidative burden plays a central role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, fostering protein aggregation, inflammation, mitochondrial impairment, and cellular dysfunction that collectively lead to neuronal injury. The of exosomes propagating the pathology neurodegenerative diseases including AD is now well established. However, recent studies have also shown are crucial responders oxidative stress different tissues. Thus, this offers new insights mechanistic links within complex pathogenesis through involvement exosomes. Several indicated exosomes, acting as intracellular communicators, disseminate oxidatively modified contents from one cell another, AD. Another emerging aspect exosome-mediated inhibition ferroptosis multiple tissues under conditions which may well. Apart their AD, enter bloodstream serving novel noninvasive biomarkers for AD; some exosome reflect cerebral condition. This review highlights intricate interplay between dynamics underscores potential tool diagnosis.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4Emerging Roles of Extracelluar Vesicles Derived from Bacteria, Mammalian or Plant Cells in the Pathogenesis and Clinical Application of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(3), С. 312 - 312
Опубликована: Март 6, 2024
A growing number of studies have indicated that extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, are involved in the development neurodegenerative diseases. Components EVs with biological effects like proteins, nucleic acids, or other molecules can be delivered to recipient cells mediate physio-/pathological processes. For instance, some aggregate-prone β-amyloid and α-synuclein, had been found propagate through exosomes. Therefore, either an increase detrimental a decrease beneficial enwrapped may fully partly indicate disease progression. Numerous demonstrated dysbiosis gut microbiota neurodegeneration tightly correlated, well-known “gut–brain axis”. Accumulating evidence has revealed bacteria-derived play pivotal role mediating microbe–host interactions affect function axis”, which subsequently contributes pathogenesis In this review, we first briefly discuss from mammalian microbes progression diseases, then propose novel strategy employs plants (plant cell-derived exosome-like nanoparticles) for treating neurodegeneration.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4Exosomes in Dermatological Research: Unveiling Their Multifaceted Role in Cellular Communication, Healing, and Disease Modulation
Cosmetics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(1), С. 16 - 16
Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025
Exosomes, a subtype of extracellular vehicles (EVs), play pivotal role in cellular communication and have gained considerable attention dermatological research. Formed through the inward budding endosomal membrane, exosomes facilitate transfer proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, including microRNAs (miRNAs), thereby influencing behavior function recipient cells. These vesicles are secreted by various cell types, keratinocytes, crucial for maintaining skin homeostasis, regulating immune responses, promoting wound healing. Exosomes demonstrated therapeutic potential addressing conditions such as hair disorders, cancers photoaging enhanced regeneration reduced oxidative stress. However, they also implicated disease progression, with pathogens utilizing exosome release to evade host responses. Recent studies highlight diverse origins functions exosomes, suggesting their promise innovative agents dermatology. As research continues elucidate multifaceted roles, represent frontier understanding intercellular developing novel treatments skin-related diseases, underscoring impact on both health clinical applications. This review synthesizes existing literature biology isolation focus implications contexts.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0Intercellular communication via exosomes: A new paradigm in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders
Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 365, С. 123468 - 123468
Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0Therapeutic Approaches and Potential Mechanisms of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Treating Vascular Dementia
Cells, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(6), С. 409 - 409
Опубликована: Март 11, 2025
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), including exosomes as a subtype, with diameter typically less than 200 nm and originating from the endosomal system, are capable of transporting diverse array bioactive molecules, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, thereby facilitating intercellular communication modulating cellular functions. Vascular dementia (VaD) represents form cognitive impairment attributed to cerebrovascular disease, characterized by complex multifaceted pathophysiological mechanism. Currently, therapeutic approach VaD predominantly emphasizes symptom management, no specific pharmacological treatment exists cure condition. Recent investigations have illuminated significant role sEVs in pathogenesis vascular dementia. This review seeks provide comprehensive analysis characteristics functions sEVs, particular focus on their involvement its underlying mechanisms. The objective is advance understanding interplays between dementia, offering novel insights for future research strategies.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0Research progress on exosome-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor–nerve growth factor cotransplantation in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease
Deleted Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 2(1), С. 11 - 15
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025
The significant decrease in dopamine (DA) neurotransmitter levels the brain due to degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons is one main reasons for causes motor symptoms Parkinson disease. Vascular endothelial growth factor has been proven have a protective effect on DA neurons. Its synergistic interaction with nerve can accelerate repair damaged nerves improve central nervous system. However, presence blood-brain barrier hinders most drugs from entering brain. Exosomes are class nanoscale extracellular vesicles advantages such as higher safety, low immunogenicity, unique targeted homing ability, efficient penetration barrier, which open new perspective drug delivery system provide possibilities treatment neurodegenerative diseases. This article reviews research progress exosomes above 2 factors repair, ideas
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0Effect of Intranasally Administered Stem Cell–Derived Exosomes on Rat's Olfactory Bulb Histological Structure After Lead-Oxide Nanoparticle Administration
Microscopy and Microanalysis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(2)
Опубликована: Март 17, 2025
Lead is a common heavy metal used in variety of products. We investigated the effect lead-oxide nanoparticles (PbO-NPs) on histological structure rat olfactory bulb (OB) and potential therapeutic stem cell-derived exosomes (EXOs). Forty male rats were included: 8 for EXO isolation 32 distributed into 4 groups: control, PbO-NPs group [intranasal (IN) 50 µL PbO-NPs/rat 3 weeks], recovery (PbO-NPs weeks left another weeks), PbO-NP-EXO then IN weeks). After 7 weeks, behavioral tests done before scarification. OBs stained with hematoxylin eosin, toluidine blue, immunohistochemistry synaptophysin (SYP), ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule-1 (Iba-1) glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The results confirmed by histomorphometry statistical analysis. groups showed significant dysfunction, decrease thickness OB layers diameter glomeruli, Nissl's granules mitral cells SYP immunostaining, increase Iba-1 GFAP expression compared control rats. In PbO-NP-EXO, notable regaining function was obvious reversal most morphometric findings untreated groups. administration improved PbO-NP-induced neurotoxicity.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0Protein Misfolding and Aggregation as a Mechanistic Link Between Chronic Pain and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 47(4), С. 259 - 259
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2025
Chronic pain, defined by persistent pain beyond normal healing time, is a pervasive and debilitating condition affecting up to 30–50% of adults globally. In parallel, neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are characterized progressive neuronal loss cognitive or motor decline, often underpinned pathological protein misfolding aggregation. Emerging evidence suggests potential mechanistic link between chronic NDs, with contributing neuroinflammatory states homeostasis disturbances that mirror processes in neurodegeneration. This review explores the hypothesis aggregation serve bridge We systematically examine molecular pathways misfolding, proteostasis dysfunction shared neuroimmune mechanisms, highlighting prion-like propagation misfolded proteins, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress common denominators. further discuss from experimental models clinical studies linking accelerated pathology—including tau accumulation, amyloid dysregulation, microglial activation—and consider how these insights open avenues for novel therapeutics. Targeting aggregation, enhancing chaperone function, modulating unfolded response (UPR), attenuating glial activation explored strategies mitigate possibly slow Understanding this intersection not only elucidates pain’s role decline but also interventions addressing inflammation could yield dual benefits management modification.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
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