An Epigenetic Locus Associated with Loss of Smell in COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Elif Sibel Aslan, Kenneth White,

Gülsen Meral

и другие.

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(24), С. 2823 - 2823

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2024

Background/Aim: Loss of smell, also known as anosmia, is a prevalent and often prolonged symptom following infection with SARS-CoV-2. While many patients regain olfactory function within weeks, significant portion experience persistent anosmia lasting over year post-infection. The underlying mechanisms responsible for this sensory deficit remain largely uncharacterized. Previous studies, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), have identified genetic variants near the UGT2A1 UGT2A2 genes that are linked to in COVID-19 patients. However, role epigenetic changes development persistence smell loss has not been well explored. In study, we aimed investigate alterations form DNA methylation UGT1A1 gene, which locus associated dysfunction Methods: We analysed patterns blood samples from two carefully matched cohorts 20 each, differentiated by their function—those normal (normosmia) those suffering (anosmia). were age sex minimize potential confounding factors. Results: Using quantitative analysis, found significantly lower levels group compared normosmia group, 14% decrease median values (p < 0.0001). These findings highlight epigenomic gene may contribute pathogenesis infection. Our results suggest status at could serve biomarker affected individuals. Conclusion: This study among first describe COVID-19, providing foundation future research into targeted interventions therapeutic strategies reversing anosmia. Further investigations involving larger additional loci help elucidate complex interaction between genetic, epigenetic, environmental factors influencing long-term impairment post-COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

The long-term health outcomes, pathophysiological mechanisms and multidisciplinary management of long COVID DOI Creative Commons
Jingwei Li, Yun Zhou, Jiechao Ma

и другие.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Abstract There have been hundreds of millions cases coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). With the growing population recovered patients, it crucial to understand long-term consequences and management strategies. Although COVID-19 was initially considered an illness, recent evidence suggests that manifestations including but not limited those cardiovascular, respiratory, neuropsychiatric, gastrointestinal, reproductive, musculoskeletal systems may persist long after phase. These persistent manifestations, also referred as COVID, could impact all patients with across full spectrum illness severity. Herein, we comprehensively review current literature on highlighting its epidemiological understanding, vaccinations, organ-specific sequelae, pathophysiological mechanisms, multidisciplinary In addition, psychological psychosomatic factors underscored. Despite these findings diagnostic therapeutic strategies based previous experience pilot studies remain inadequate, well-designed clinical trials should be prioritized validate existing hypotheses. Thus, propose primary challenges concerning biological knowledge gaps efficient remedies well discuss corresponding recommendations.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

65
Choroid plexus defects in Down syndrome brain organoids enhance neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons
Mohammed R. Shaker, Andrii Slonchak, Bahaa H. Almhanawi

и другие.

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(23)

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024

Why individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2–induced neuropathology remains elusive. Choroid plexus (ChP) plays critical roles in barrier function and immune response modulation expresses the ACE2 receptor chromosome 21–encoded TMPRSS2 protease, suggesting its substantial role establishing SARS-CoV-2 infection brain. To explore this, we established brain organoids from DS isogenic euploid iPSC that consist of a core functional cortical neurons surrounded by ChP-like epithelium (ChPCOs). DS-ChPCOs recapitulated abnormal development revealed defects ciliogenesis epithelial cell polarity epithelium. We then demonstrated facilitates replication this is increased DS. Inhibiting furin activity reduced viral levels. This model enables dissection ChP neurotropic virus forebrain permits screening therapeutics for neuropathogenesis.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Mechanisms of long COVID: An updated review DOI Creative Commons
Yan Liu, Xiaoying Gu, Haibo Li

и другие.

Chinese Medical Journal - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1(4), С. 231 - 240

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been ongoing for more than 3 years, with an enormous impact on global health and economies. In some patients, symptoms signs may remain after recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which cannot be explained by alternate diagnosis; this condition defined as long COVID. Long COVID exist in patients both mild is prevalent infection different SARS-CoV-2 variants. most common include fatigue, dyspnea, other involving multiple organs. Vaccination results lower rates of To date, the mechanisms unclear. narrative review, we summarized clinical presentations current evidence regarding pathogenesis

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
Recovery rates and long‐term olfactory dysfunction following COVID‐19 infection DOI Creative Commons

M. A. O. DIAS,

Zara Shaida,

Nora Haloob

и другие.

World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(2), С. 121 - 128

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

Olfactory dysfunction is one of the most recognized symptoms COVID-19, significantly impacting quality life, particularly in cases where recovery prolonged. This review aims to explore patterns olfactory post-COVID-19 infection, with particular focus on delayed recovery.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) in the Treatment of Long COVID Olfactory Disorders: A Comprehensive Review DOI Creative Commons
Antonino Maniaci, Salvatore Lavalle,

Edoardo Masiello

и другие.

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(4), С. 808 - 808

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024

Long COVID has brought numerous challenges to healthcare, with olfactory dysfunction (OD) being a particularly distressing outcome for many patients. The persistent loss of smell significantly diminishes the affected individual's quality life. Recent attention been drawn potential platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy as treatment OD. This comprehensive review aims evaluate effectiveness PRP in ameliorating OD, especially when associated long-term COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
Hippocampal alterations after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A systematic review DOI Creative Commons
Candela Zorzo, Lucía Solares, Marta Méndez

и другие.

Behavioural Brain Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 455, С. 114662 - 114662

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 infection produces a wide range of symptoms. Some the structural changes caused by virus in nervous system are found medial temporal lobe, and several neuropsychological sequelae COVID-19 related to function hippocampus. The main objective systematic review is update further analyze existing evidence hippocampal cortices' functional alterations due infection. Both clinical preclinical studies that used different methodologies explore effects this disease at stages grades severity were considered, besides exploring cognitive emotional symptomatology. A total 24 identified searching SCOPUS, Web Of Science (WOS), PubMed, PsycInfo databases up October 3rd, 2022. Thirteen performed human samples, 9 included animal models, 3 post-mortem, 1 both post-mortem samples. Alterations hippocampus detected acute stage after months Clinical revealed connectivity metabolism. Memory correlated with altered metabolic profiles or grey matter volumes. Hippocampal postmortem observed neurogenesis, dendrites, immune response, high apoptosis neuroinflammation. Preclinical reported viral load Olfactory dysfunction was associated brain functionality. Several complaints, alterations, depressive anxious

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

13
The immune mechanism of the nasal epithelium in COVID-19–related olfactory dysfunction DOI Creative Commons
Shunmei Chen,

Shufen Wang

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2023

During the first waves of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, olfactory dysfunction (OD) was reported as a frequent clinical sign. The nasal epithelium is one front-line protections against viral infections, and immune responses mucosa may be associated with OD. Two mechanisms underlying OD occurrence in COVID-19 have been proposed: infection sustentacular cells inflammatory reaction epithelium. former triggers latter likely prolongs These two alternative act parallel; more important for because are to entry point SARS-CoV-2 than neurons susceptible early injury. Furthermore, abundantly express transmembrane protease, serine (TMPRSS2) play major role has revealed crucial roles cells. This review aims elucidate how contribute COVID-19–related Understanding aid development improved medical treatments

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Scent of COVID-19: Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis Reveals the Role of ACE2, IFI44, and NDUFAF4 in Long-Lasting Olfactory Dysfunction DOI Creative Commons
Beatrice Spedicati, Alessandro Pecori, Maria Pina Concas

и другие.

Life, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1), С. 56 - 56

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2025

COVID-19-related persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD) presents remarkable interindividual differences, and little is known about the host genetic factors that are involved in its etiopathogenesis. The goal of this study was to explore underpinning OD through analysis Whole Genome Sequencing data 153 affected subjects, focusing on genes antiviral response regulation. An innovative approach developed, namely assessment association between a "gene score", defined as ratio number homozygous alternative variants within gene length, participants' function. highlighted how an increased score ACE2 associated with worse performance, while IFI44 NDUFAF4 better Considering physiological role proteins encoded by these genes, it can be hypothesized reduced expression may protracted severe inflammatory epithelium, thus worsening patients' smell abilities. Conversely, might decreased response, correlating performance. Overall, identified new play pivotal determining heterogeneity, possibly enabling more personalized effective clinical management for individuals.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Cognitive Sequelae of COVID‐19: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Approaches DOI Creative Commons
Yuhao Chen, Jing‐Shiun Jan, Chih‐Hao Yang

и другие.

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 31(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background The COVID‐19 pandemic has left an indelible mark on the world, with mounting evidence suggesting that it not only posed acute challenges to global healthcare systems but also unveiled a complex array of long‐term consequences, particularly cognitive impairment (CI). As persistence post‐COVID‐19 neurological syndrome could evolve into next public health crisis, is imperative gain better understanding intricate pathophysiology CI in patients and viable treatment strategies. Methods This comprehensive review explores management across phases COVID‐19, from infection Long‐COVID, by synthesizing findings clinical, preclinical, mechanistic studies identify key contributors CI, as well current therapeutic approaches. Results Key mechanisms contributing include persistent neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular complications, direct neuronal injury, activation kynurenine pathway, psychological distress. Both pharmacological interventions, such anti‐inflammatory therapies agents targeting neuroinflammatory pathways, non‐pharmacological strategies, including rehabilitation, show promise addressing these challenges. Although much derived preclinical animal studies, provide foundational insights potential Conclusion By knowledge, this highlights importance COVID‐19‐related offers actionable for mitigation recovery community continues grapple pandemic's impact.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Mechanism and treatment of olfactory dysfunction caused by coronavirus disease 2019 DOI Creative Commons

Bian Hu,

Mengdan Gong,

Yizhen Xiang

и другие.

Journal of Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2023

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since start of pandemic, olfactory dysfunction (OD) has been reported as a common symptom COVID-19. In some asymptomatic carriers, OD often first and even only symptom. At same time, persistent also long-term sequela seen after COVID-19 that can have serious impact on quality life patients. However, pathogenesis post-COVID-19 still unclear, there no specific treatment for its The aim this paper was to review research SARS-CoV-2 infection summarize mechanism action, pathogenesis, current treatments.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

8