Naturalistic Intensities of Light at Night: A Review of the Potent Effects of Very Dim Light on Circadian Responses and Considerations for Translational Research DOI Creative Commons
Thijs J. Walbeek, E. Harrison, Michael R. Gorman

и другие.

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2021

In this review, we discuss the remarkable potency and potential applications of a form light that is often overlooked in circadian context: naturalistic levels dim at night (nLAN), equivalent to intensities produced by moon stars. It assumed such low do not produce responses typically associated with brighter levels. A solid understanding impacts very complicated further broad use somewhat ambiguous term “dim light,” which has been used describe ranging seven orders magnitude. Here, lay out argument nLAN exerts potent effects on numerous mammalian species, given conservation anatomy function, efficacy range humans warrants investigation. We also provide recommendations for field chronobiological research, including minimum requirements measurement reporting light, standardization terminology (specifically as it pertains “dim” light), ideas reconsidering old data designing new studies.

Язык: Английский

A Population Representation of Absolute Light Intensity in the Mammalian Retina DOI Creative Commons
Elliott S. Milner, Michael Tri H.

Cell, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 171(4), С. 865 - 876.e16

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2017

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

86
Divergent outputs of the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus mediate visually evoked defensive behaviors DOI Creative Commons
Lindsey D. Salay, Andrew D. Huberman

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 37(1), С. 109792 - 109792

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2021

Rapid alternations between exploration and defensive reactions require ongoing risk assessment. How visual cues internal states flexibly modulate the selection of behaviors remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN)-a major retinorecipient structure-is a critical node in network controlling to threats. We find vLGN

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

47
Short-term acute bright light exposure induces a prolonged anxiogenic effect in mice via a retinal ipRGC-CeA circuit DOI Creative Commons
Ge Wang, Yunfeng Liu,

Zhe Yang

и другие.

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(12)

Опубликована: Март 22, 2023

Light modulates mood through various retina-brain pathways. We showed that mice treated with short-term acute bright light exposure displayed anxiety-related phenotypes in a prolonged manner even after the termination of exposure. Such postexposure anxiogenic effect depended upon melanopsin-based intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) activities rather than rod/cone photoreceptor inputs. Chemogenetic manipulation specific central nuclei demonstrated ipRGC-central amygdala (CeA) visual circuit played key role this effect. The corticosterone system was likely to be involved effect, as evidenced by enhanced expression glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein CeA and bed nucleus stria terminalis absence animals GR antagonist. Together, our findings reveal non-image forming specifically designed for "the delayed" extinction anxiety against potential threats, thus conferring survival advantage.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
Melanopsin Retinal Ganglion Cells and Pupil: Clinical Implications for Neuro-Ophthalmology DOI Creative Commons
Chiara La Morgia, Valério Carelli, Michele Carbonelli

и другие.

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2018

Melanopsin retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) are intrinsically photosensitive RGCs that mediate many relevant non-image forming functions of the eye, including pupillary light reflex, through projections to olivary pretectal nucleus. In particular, post-illumination pupil response (PIPR), as evaluated by chromatic pupillometry, can be used a reliable marker mRGC function in vivo. last years, pupillometry has become promising tool assess dysfunction various neurological and neuro-ophthalmological conditions. this review we will present most findings pupillometric studies conditionsincluding hereditary optic neuropathies, glaucoma, ischemic idiopathic intracranial hypertension, multiple sclerosis Parkinson's disease. The use PIPR for is also proposed other neurodegenerative disorders which circadian documented.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

53
Melanopsin and Cone Photoreceptor Inputs to the Afferent Pupil Light Response DOI Creative Commons

Andrew J. Zele,

Prakash Adhikari, Dingcai Cao

и другие.

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10

Опубликована: Май 22, 2019

Background: Retinal photoreceptors provide the main stage in mammalian eye for regulating retinal illumination through changes pupil diameter, with a small population of melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cells (ipRGCs) forming primary afferent pathway this response. The purpose study is to determine how melanopsin interacts three cone photoreceptor classes human modulate light-adapted Methods: We investigated independent and combined contributions inner outer inputs participants trichromatic colour vision using method independently control excitations ipRGCs, cones rods retina. Results: show that melanopsin-directed stimuli cause transient constriction generated by shadow blood vessels; desensitising these penumbral signals uncovers signature response includes longer latency slower velocity than cone-directed stimuli, which remains sustained post-stimulus offset. Compared melanopsin-mediated responses, photoreceptor-initiated responses are more faster latencies, higher velocities secondary at light reveal additive signals. Conclusions: visual system uses L-, M, S-cone accomplish tonic modulations size image contrast. ipRGCs mediate longer-term, set diameter during extended exposures.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

53
Biophysical Variation within the M1 Type of Ganglion Cell Photoreceptor DOI Creative Commons
Alan J. Emanuel, Kush Kapur, Michael Tri H.

и другие.

Cell Reports, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 21(4), С. 1048 - 1062

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2017

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells of the M1 type encode environmental irradiance for functions that include circadian and pupillary regulation. Their distinct role, morphology, molecular markers indicate they are stereotyped circuit elements, but their physiological uniformity has not been investigated in a systematic fashion. We have profiled biophysical parameters mouse M1s found extreme variation is hallmark. Most span 1–3 log units, full range evident innervate brain regions serving divergent functions. Biophysical profiles differ among possessing similar morphology between neighboring recorded simultaneously. Variation each parameter largely independent others, allowing flexible individualization. Accordingly, common stimulus drives heterogeneous spike outputs across cells. By contrast, population directionally selective appeared physiologically uniform under conditions. Thus, lack constancy send diverse signals downstream.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

51
Dynamics of Non-visual Responses in Humans: As Fast as Lightning? DOI Creative Commons
Abhishek S. Prayag, Sophie Jost,

Pascale Avouac

и другие.

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 13

Опубликована: Март 5, 2019

The eye drives non-visual (NV) responses to light, including circadian resetting, pupillary reflex and alerting effects. Initially thought depend on melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), classical photopigments play a modulatory role in some of these responses. As most studies have investigated only limited number NV functions, generally under conditions relatively high light levels long duration exposure, whether functions share similar irradiance sensitivities response dynamics during exposure is unknown. We addressed this issue using paradigms spectrally spatially tuned target mainly cones or ipRGCs, by measuring longitudinally (50 min) several 28 men. demonstrate that the are faster than previously thought. find brain, heart, thermoregulation activated within 1 5 min exposure. Further, we show do not same sensitivities. While half-maximum ∼48 s for tonic pupil diameter, it ∼12 EEG gamma activity. Most seem be saturated low levels, as 90 melanopic lux. Our results also reveal possible maintain optimal visual performance while modulating findings real-life implications. On one hand, therapy should re-evaluated with lower intensities shorter durations, potential improving patients' compliance. other significant impact intensity short exposures physiology make us reconsider health consequences before bedtime, particular sleep physiology.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

49
The Roles of Rods, Cones, and Melanopsin in Photoresponses of M4 Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells (ipRGCs) and Optokinetic Visual Behavior DOI Creative Commons
Melanie M. Schroeder,

Krystal R. Harrison,

Elizabeth R. Jaeckel

и другие.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2018

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) mediate not only image-forming vision like other cells, but also nonimage-forming physiological responses to light such as pupil constriction and circadian photoentrainment. All ipRGCs respond through their endogenous photopigment melanopsin well rod/cone-driven synaptic inputs. A major knowledge gap is how melanopsin, rods, cones differentially drive ipRGC photoresponses vision. We whole-cell-recorded from M4-type lacking rod input, or cone input dissect the roles of each component in ipRGCs' steady temporally modulated (≥0.3 Hz) lights. used a behavioral assay determine elimination rod, function impacts optokinetic visual behavior mice. Results showed that initial, transient peak an M4 cell's 10-s steps arises Both sustainability poststimulus persistence these light-step depend on and/or inputs, which unexpected because photoresponse properties have often been attributed primarily melanopsin. For varying stimuli, enhancement response sustainedness involves whereas stimulus tracking mediated by Finally, while all three photoreceptive systems are nearly equally important for contrast sensitivity, rods contribute spatial acuity.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

48
Satellite glia modulate sympathetic neuron survival, activity, and autonomic function DOI Creative Commons
Aurelia A Mapps,

Erica Boehm,

Corinne Beier

и другие.

eLife, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2022

Satellite glia are the major glial cells in sympathetic ganglia, enveloping neuronal cell bodies. Despite this intimate association, extent to which functions influenced by satellite vivo remains unclear. Here, we show that critical for metabolism, survival, and activity of neurons modulate autonomic behaviors mice. Adult ablation results impaired mTOR signaling, soma atrophy, reduced noradrenergic enzymes, loss neurons. However, persisting have elevated activity, glia-ablated mice increased pupil dilation heart rate, indicative enhanced tone. glia-specific deletion Kir4.1, an inward-rectifying potassium channel, largely recapitulates cellular defects observed mice, suggesting act part via K+-dependent mechanisms. These findings highlight neuron-satellite as functional units regulating output, with implications disorders linked hyper-activity such cardiovascular disease hypertension.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

25
A melanopsin ganglion cell subtype forms a dorsal retinal mosaic projecting to the supraoptic nucleus DOI Creative Commons
Michael H. Berry, M. G. Moldavan, Tavita Garrett

и другие.

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Март 17, 2023

Visual input to the hypothalamus from intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) influences several functions including circadian entrainment, body temperature, and sleep. ipRGCs also project nuclei such as supraoptic nucleus (SON), which is involved in systemic fluid homeostasis, maternal behavior, social behaviors, appetite. However, little known about SON-projecting or their relationship well-characterized ipRGC subtypes. Using a GlyT2

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

16