Frontiers in Neurology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2021
In
this
review,
we
discuss
the
remarkable
potency
and
potential
applications
of
a
form
light
that
is
often
overlooked
in
circadian
context:
naturalistic
levels
dim
at
night
(nLAN),
equivalent
to
intensities
produced
by
moon
stars.
It
assumed
such
low
do
not
produce
responses
typically
associated
with
brighter
levels.
A
solid
understanding
impacts
very
complicated
further
broad
use
somewhat
ambiguous
term
“dim
light,”
which
has
been
used
describe
ranging
seven
orders
magnitude.
Here,
lay
out
argument
nLAN
exerts
potent
effects
on
numerous
mammalian
species,
given
conservation
anatomy
function,
efficacy
range
humans
warrants
investigation.
We
also
provide
recommendations
for
field
chronobiological
research,
including
minimum
requirements
measurement
reporting
light,
standardization
terminology
(specifically
as
it
pertains
“dim”
light),
ideas
reconsidering
old
data
designing
new
studies.
Science Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
14(674)
Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2022
Green
light
exposure
has
been
shown
to
reduce
pain
in
animal
models.
Here,
we
report
a
vision-associated
enkephalinergic
neural
circuit
responsible
for
green
light–mediated
analgesia.
Full-field
at
an
intensity
of
10
lux
produced
analgesic
effects
healthy
mice
and
model
arthrosis.
Ablation
cone
photoreceptors
completely
inhibited
the
effect,
whereas
rod
ablation
only
partially
reduced
relief.
The
effect
was
not
modulated
by
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cells
(ipRGCs),
which
are
atypical
that
control
various
nonvisual
light.
Inhibition
retino–ventrolateral
geniculate
nucleus
(vLGN)
pathway
abolished
effects.
Activation
this
nociceptive
behavioral
responses;
such
activation
blocked
inhibition
proenkephalin
(Penk)–positive
neurons
vLGN
(vLGN
Penk
).
Moreover,
analgesia
prevented
knockdown
or
neurons.
In
addition,
projections
from
dorsal
raphe
(DRN)
sufficient
suppress
behaviors,
its
Our
findings
indicate
cone-dominated
inputs
mediated
through
-DRN
suggest
signaling
could
be
exploited
reducing
pain.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Март 17, 2023
Visual
input
to
the
hypothalamus
from
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cells
(ipRGCs)
influences
several
functions
including
circadian
entrainment,
body
temperature,
and
sleep.
ipRGCs
also
project
nuclei
such
as
supraoptic
nucleus
(SON),
which
is
involved
in
systemic
fluid
homeostasis,
maternal
behavior,
social
behaviors,
appetite.
However,
little
known
about
SON-projecting
or
their
relationship
well-characterized
ipRGC
subtypes.
Using
a
GlyT2
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
29(11), С. 3349 - 3355.e2
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2019
Light
influences
various
behaviors
and
physiological
processes
that
occur
outside
of
our
conscious
perception,
including
circadian
photoentrainment,
sleep,
even
learning
mood.
The
M1,
melanopsin-expressing,
intrinsically
photosensitive
retinal
ganglion
cells
(ipRGCs)
relay
a
combination
rod/cone
melanopsin
signals
to
drive
these
functions.
However,
little
is
known
about
how
M1
ipRGCs
integrate
in
low
light.
We
measure
the
dim
light
response
find
they
exhibit
wide
spectrum
responses
dim,
scotopic
stimulation
are
driven
by
rod
pathway
input
phototransduction.
presence
correlates
with
larger
more
complex
dendritic
arbors.
Collectively,
results
show
variability
surprising
contribution
at
very
Journal of Neural Engineering,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
15(6), С. 065002 - 065002
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2018
Objective.
Our
main
objective
is
to
demonstrate
that
compact
high
radiance
gallium
nitride
displays
can
be
used
with
conventional
virtual
reality
optics
stimulate
an
optogenetic
retina.
Hence,
we
aim
introduce
a
non-invasive
approach
restore
vision
for
people
conditions
such
as
retinitis
pigmentosa
where
there
remaining
viable
communication
link
between
the
retina
and
visual
cortex.
Approach.
We
design
implement
headset
using
high-density
µLED
matrix,
Raspberry
Pi,
microcontroller
from
NXP
lens.
Then,
test
platform
developed
evaluate
performance
of
optical
system.
Furthermore,
image
simplification
algorithms
are
simplify
scene
sent
Moreover,
in
vivo
evaluation
genetically
modified
response
at
different
light
intensity
discussed
prove
reliability
proposed
Main
results.
keeping
regulatory
guidance,
need
limit
their
luminance
90
kcd
m−2.
system
5.75%
efficiency
which
allows
0.16
mW
mm−2
irradiance
on
within
but
capable
average
peak
1.35
mm−2.
As
this
lower
than
commonly
accepted
threshold
channelrhodopsin-2,
efficacy
through
model
eye
onto
biological
Significance.
fully
functional
8100-pixel
including
software/hardware
operate
standard
consumer
battery
periods
exceeding
24
h
recharge
cycle.
The
delivering
enough
cells
also
amount
below
regulation
safety.
Frontiers in Neurology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2021
In
this
review,
we
discuss
the
remarkable
potency
and
potential
applications
of
a
form
light
that
is
often
overlooked
in
circadian
context:
naturalistic
levels
dim
at
night
(nLAN),
equivalent
to
intensities
produced
by
moon
stars.
It
assumed
such
low
do
not
produce
responses
typically
associated
with
brighter
levels.
A
solid
understanding
impacts
very
complicated
further
broad
use
somewhat
ambiguous
term
“dim
light,”
which
has
been
used
describe
ranging
seven
orders
magnitude.
Here,
lay
out
argument
nLAN
exerts
potent
effects
on
numerous
mammalian
species,
given
conservation
anatomy
function,
efficacy
range
humans
warrants
investigation.
We
also
provide
recommendations
for
field
chronobiological
research,
including
minimum
requirements
measurement
reporting
light,
standardization
terminology
(specifically
as
it
pertains
“dim”
light),
ideas
reconsidering
old
data
designing
new
studies.
