A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain

eLife, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9

Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2020

The neural circuits responsible for animal behavior remain largely unknown. We summarize new methods and present the circuitry of a large fraction brain fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster . Improved include procedures to prepare, image, align, segment, find synapses in, proofread such data sets. define cell types, refine computational compartments, provide an exhaustive atlas examples many them novel. detailed consisting neurons their chemical most central brain. make public simplify access, reducing effort needed answer circuit questions, linking defined by our analysis with genetic reagents. Biologically, we examine distributions connection strengths, motifs on different scales, electrical consequences compartmentalization, evidence that maximizing packing density is important criterion in evolution fly’s

Язык: Английский

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The connectome of the adult Drosophila mushroom body provides insights into function

eLife, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2020

Making inferences about the computations performed by neuronal circuits from synapse-level connectivity maps is an emerging opportunity in neuroscience. The mushroom body (MB) well positioned for developing and testing such approach due to its conserved architecture, recently completed dense connectome, extensive prior experimental studies of roles learning, memory, activity regulation. Here, we identify new components MB circuit Drosophila, including visual input output neurons (MBONs) with direct connections descending neurons. We find unexpected structure sensory inputs, transfer information different modalities MBONs, modulation that dopaminergic (DANs). provide insights into circuitry used integrate outputs, between central complex inputs DANs, feedback MBONs. Our results a foundation further theoretical work.

Язык: Английский

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A connectome of the Drosophila central complex reveals network motifs suitable for flexible navigation and context-dependent action selection

eLife, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2021

Flexible behaviors over long timescales are thought to engage recurrent neural networks in deep brain regions, which experimentally challenging study. In insects, circuit dynamics a region called the central complex (CX) enable directed locomotion, sleep, and context- experience-dependent spatial navigation. We describe first complete electron microscopy-based connectome of

Язык: Английский

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The natverse, a versatile toolbox for combining and analysing neuroanatomical data

eLife, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2020

To analyse neuron data at scale, neuroscientists expend substantial effort reading documentation, installing dependencies and moving between analysis visualisation environments. facilitate this, we have developed a suite of interoperable open-source R packages called the natverse. The natverse allows users to read local remote data, perform popular analyses including clustering graph-theoretic neuronal branching. Unlike most tools, enables comparison across many neurons morphology connectivity after imaging or co-registration within common template space. also transformations different spaces modalities. We demonstrate tools that integrate vast majority

Язык: Английский

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Complete Connectomic Reconstruction of Olfactory Projection Neurons in the Fly Brain

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(16), С. 3183 - 3199.e6

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2020

Nervous systems contain sensory neurons, local projection and motor neurons. To understand how these building blocks form whole circuits, we must distil broad classes into neuronal cell types describe their network connectivity. Using an electron micrograph dataset for entire Drosophila melanogaster brain, reconstruct the first complete inventory of olfactory projections connecting antennal lobe, insect analog mammalian bulb, to higher-order brain regions in adult animal brain. We then connect this extant data literature, providing synaptic-resolution "holotypes" both heavily investigated previously unknown types. Projection neurons are approximately twice as numerous reported by light level studies; stereotyped, but not identical, synapse numbers between hemispheres. The lateral horn, cortical amygdala, is main target information has been shown guide innate behavior. Here, find new connectivity motifs, including axo-axonic feedback, inhibition axons a large population convergence different inputs, non-olfactory inputs memory-related feedback onto third-order These features less prominent mushroom body calyx, piriform cortex center associative memory. Our work provides neuroanatomical platform future studies system.

Язык: Английский

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The Drosophila Mushroom Body: From Architecture to Algorithm in a Learning Circuit

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 43(1), С. 465 - 484

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2020

The Drosophila brain contains a relatively simple circuit for forming Pavlovian associations, yet it achieves many operations common across memory systems. Recent advances have established clear framework learning and revealed the following key operations: a) pattern separation, whereby dense combinatorial representations of odors are preprocessed to generate highly specific, nonoverlapping odor patterns used learning; b) convergence, in which sensory information is funneled small set output neurons that guide behavioral actions; c) plasticity, where changing mapping input requires strong reinforcement signal, also modulated by internal state environmental context; d) modularization, consists multiple parallel traces, distinct stability flexibility exist anatomically well-defined modules within network. Cross-module interactions allow higher-order effects past experience influences future learning. Many these parallels with processes formation action selection more complex brains.

Язык: Английский

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Information flow, cell types and stereotypy in a full olfactory connectome

eLife, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10

Опубликована: Май 25, 2021

The

Язык: Английский

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Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster

Cell, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 187(10), С. 2574 - 2594.e23

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

High-resolution electron microscopy of nervous systems has enabled the reconstruction synaptic connectomes. However, we do not know sign for each connection (i.e., whether a is excitatory or inhibitory), which implied by released transmitter. We demonstrate that artificial neural networks can predict transmitter types presynapses from micrographs: network trained to six transmitters (acetylcholine, glutamate, GABA, serotonin, dopamine, octopamine) achieves an accuracy 87% individual synapses, 94% neurons, and 91% known cell across D. melanogaster whole brain. visualize ultrastructural features used prediction, discovering subtle but significant differences between phenotypes. also analyze distributions brain find neurons develop together largely express only one fast-acting GABA). hope our publicly available predictions act as accelerant neuroscientific hypothesis generation fly.

Язык: Английский

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A neural circuit for wind-guided olfactory navigation

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2022

Abstract To navigate towards a food source, animals frequently combine odor cues about source identity with wind direction location. Where and how these two are integrated to support navigation is unclear. Here we describe pathway the Drosophila fan-shaped body that encodes attractive promotes upwind navigation. We show neurons throughout this encode odor, but not direction. Using connectomics, identify local called h∆C receive input from previously described pathway. exhibit odor-gated, direction-tuned activity, sparse activation of in reproducible direction, activity required for persistent orientation during odor. Based on connectome data, develop computational model showing can promote goal such as an source. Our results suggest processed by separate pathways within goal-directed

Язык: Английский

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A searchable image resource of Drosophila GAL4 driver expression patterns with single neuron resolution

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023

Precise, repeatable genetic access to specific neurons via GAL4/UAS and related methods is a key advantage of

Язык: Английский

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