Does the human ventromedial prefrontal cortex support fear learning, fear extinction or both? A commentary on subregional contributions

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 27(2), С. 784 - 786

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Understanding clinical fear and anxiety through the lens of human fear conditioning

Nature Reviews Psychology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(4), С. 233 - 245

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Addressing racial and phenotypic bias in human neuroscience methods

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(4), С. 410 - 414

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Neuropharmacological Modulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate, Noradrenaline and Endocannabinoid Receptors in Fear Extinction Learning: Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(6), С. 5926 - 5926

Опубликована: Март 21, 2023

Learning to recognize and respond potential threats is crucial for survival. Pavlovian threat conditioning represents a key paradigm investigating the neurobiological mechanisms of fear learning. In this review, we address role specific neuropharmacological adjuvants that act on neurochemical synaptic transmission, as well brain plasticity processes implicated in memory. We focus novel manipulations targeting glutamatergic, noradrenergic, endocannabinoid systems, how modulation these systems affects extinction learning humans. show administration N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) agonists system by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibition can boost through stabilization regulation receptor concentration. On other hand, elevated noradrenaline levels dynamically modulate learning, hindering long-term processes. These pharmacological interventions could provide targeted treatments prevention strategies fear-based anxiety-related disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing precision in human neuroscience

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2023

Human neuroscience has always been pushing the boundary of what is measurable. During last decade, concerns about statistical power and replicability – in science general, but also specifically human have fueled an extensive debate. One important insight from this discourse need for larger samples, which naturally increases power. An alternative to increase precision measurements, focus review. This option often overlooked, even though benefits increasing as much sample size. Nonetheless, at heart good scientific practice neuroscience, with researchers relying on lab traditions or rules thumb ensure sufficient their studies. In review, we encourage a more systematic approach precision. We start by introducing measurement its importance well-powered studies neuroscience. Then, determinants range neuroscientific methods (MRI, M/EEG, EDA, Eye-Tracking, Endocrinology) are elaborated. end discussing how evaluation application respective insights can lead reproducibility

Язык: Английский

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Consensus design of a calibration experiment for human fear conditioning

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 148, С. 105146 - 105146

Опубликована: Март 27, 2023

Fear conditioning is a widely used laboratory model to investigate learning, memory, and psychopathology across species. The quantification of learning in this paradigm heterogeneous humans psychometric properties different methods can be difficult establish. To overcome obstacle, calibration standard metrological procedure which well-defined values latent variable are generated an established experimental paradigm. These intended then serve as validity criterion rank methods. Here, we develop protocol for human fear conditioning. Based on literature review, series workshops, survey N = 96 experts, propose experiment settings 25 design variables calibrate the measurement Design were chosen theory-free possible allow wide applicability contexts. Besides establishing specific procedure, general process outline may blueprint efforts other subfields behavioral neuroscience that need refinement.

Язык: Английский

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Beyond single paradigms, pipelines, and outcomes: Embracing multiverse analyses in psychophysiology

International Journal of Psychophysiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 112311 - 112311

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Psychophysiological research is an inherently complex undertaking due to the nature of data, and its analysis characterized by many decision points that shape final dataset a study's findings. These decisions create "multiverse" possible outcomes, each from study conceptualization statistical can lead different results interpretations. This review describes concept multiverse analyses, methodological approach designed understand impact on robustness findings interpretation. The emphasis transparently showcasing reasonable approaches for constructing highlighting influence various points, experimental design data processing outcome selection. For example, choice task significantly event-related brain potential (ERP) scores or skin conductance responses (SCRs), tasks might elicit unique variances in measure. underscores importance embracing flexibility inherent psychophysiological consequences not understanding fragility By navigating intricate terrain multiverse, this serves as introduction, helping researchers make informed decisions, improve collective findings, push boundaries field.

Язык: Английский

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‘Nip it in the bud’: Low-frequency rTMS of the prefrontal cortex disrupts threat memory consolidation in humans

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 178, С. 104548 - 104548

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2024

It is still unclear how the human brain consolidates aversive (e.g., traumatic) memories and whether this process can be disrupted. We hypothesized that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) crucially involved in threat memory consolidation. To test this, we used low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) within stabilization time window to disrupt expression of memory. combined a differential threat-conditioning paradigm with LF-rTMS targeting dlPFC critical condition, occipital stimulation, delayed sham as control conditions. In defensive reactions were reduced immediately after 1 h 24 later. stark contrast, no decrease was observed conditions, thus showing both anatomical temporal specificity our intervention. provide causal evidence selectively early consolidation period prevents persistence return conditioned responses. Furthermore, disruption lasted longer than inhibitory created by TMS protocol, which suggests influenced neural activity hampered underlying, time-dependent process. These results important insights for future clinical applications aimed at interfering aversive, threat-related memories.

Язык: Английский

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Renewal in human fear conditioning: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 159, С. 105606 - 105606

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

Renewal is a 'return of fear' manipulation in human fear conditioning to investigate learning processes underlying anxiety and trauma. Even though renewal paradigms are widely used, no study has compared the strength different paradigms. We conduct systematic review (N = 80) meta-analysis 23) studies assessing renewal. Our analysis shows that classic ABA design most effective paradigm, ABC ABBA designs. present evidence conducting extinction multiple contexts increasing similarity between acquisition reduce Furthermore, we show additional cues can be used as safety 'protection from extinction' cues. The alcohol weakens process older adults appear less sensitive context changes thus large variability approaches humans suggests standardisation procedures across laboratories would great benefit field.

Язык: Английский

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Sex differences in neural projections of fear memory processing in mice and humans

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(28)

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2024

It remains unexplored in the field of fear memory whether functional neuronal connectivity between two brain areas is necessary for one sex but not other. Here, we show that chemogenetic silencing centromedial (CeM)-

Язык: Английский

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