Modular output circuits of the fastigial nucleus for diverse motor and nonmotor functions of the cerebellar vermis

eLife, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2020

The cerebellar vermis, long associated with axial motor control, has been implicated in a surprising range of neuropsychiatric disorders and cognitive affective functions. Remarkably little is known, however, about the specific cell types neural circuits responsible for these diverse Here, using single-cell gene expression profiling anatomical circuit analyses vermis output neurons mouse fastigial (medial cerebellar) nucleus, we identify five major classes glutamatergic projection distinguished by expression, morphology, distribution, input-output connectivity. Each type connected set Purkinje cells inferior olive turn innervates distinct collection downstream targets. Transsynaptic tracing indicates extensive disynaptic links cognitive, affective, forebrain circuits. These results indicate that functions could be mediated modular synaptic connections posturomotor, oromotor, positional-autonomic, orienting, vigilance

Язык: Английский

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Cognitive-Affective Functions of the Cerebellum

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(45), С. 7554 - 7564

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

The cerebellum, traditionally associated with motor coordination and balance, also plays a crucial role in various aspects of higher-order function dysfunction. Emerging research has shed light on the cerebellum's broader contributions to cognitive, emotional, reward processes. influence autonomic further highlights its significance regulating motivational emotional states. Perturbations cerebellar development have been implicated neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. An increasing appreciation for neuropsychiatric symptoms that arise from dysfunction underscores importance elucidating circuit mechanisms underlie complex interactions between cerebellum other brain regions comprehensive understanding behavior. By briefly discussing new advances mapping affective, autonomic, social processing reviewing neuropathology beyond domain, this Mini-Symposium review aims provide broad perspective intersections limbic health disease.

Язык: Английский

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Neural circuit basis of placebo pain relief

Nature, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 632(8027), С. 1092 - 1100

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2024

Placebo effects are notable demonstrations of mind-body interactions

Язык: Английский

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Periaqueductal gray/dorsal raphe dopamine neurons contribute to sex differences in pain-related behaviors

Neuron, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 109(8), С. 1365 - 1380.e5

Опубликована: Март 19, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Bidirectional control of fear memories by cerebellar neurons projecting to the ventrolateral periaqueductal grey

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2020

Abstract Fear conditioning is a form of associative learning that known to involve different brain areas, notably the amygdala, prefrontal cortex and periaqueductal grey (PAG). Here, we describe functional role pathways link cerebellum with fear network. We found cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) sends glutamatergic projections vlPAG synapse onto GABAergic neurons. Chemogenetic optogenetic manipulations revealed FN-vlPAG pathway controls bi-directionally strength memories, indicating an important in association conditioned unconditioned stimuli, function consistent encoding prediction error. Moreover, also modulate extinction learning. FN-parafascicular thalamus pathway, which may relay influence amygdala modulates anxiety behaviors. Overall, our results reveal multiple contributions emotional system.

Язык: Английский

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Diverse inhibitory projections from the cerebellar interposed nucleus

eLife, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2021

The cerebellum consists of parallel circuit modules that contribute to diverse behaviors, spanning motor cognitive. Recent work employing cell-type-specific tracing has identified circumscribed output channels the cerebellar nuclei (CbN) could confer tight functional specificity. These studies have largely focused on excitatory projections CbN, however, leaving open question whether inhibitory neurons also constitute multiple modules. We mapped and input patterns intersectionally restricted cell types interposed adjacent interstitial in mice. In contrast widespread assumption primarily outputs inferior olive-targeting output, we found from this region ramified widely within brainstem, targeting both motor- sensory-related nuclei, distinct targets. Despite differences targeting, monosynaptic rabies revealed shared afferents classes. discuss potential novel roles for context theory.

Язык: Английский

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The Cerebellar Cortex

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 45(1), С. 151 - 175

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2022

The cerebellar cortex is an important system for relating neural circuits and learning. Its promise reflects the longstanding idea that it contains simple, repeated circuit modules with only a few cell types single plasticity mechanism mediates learning according to classical Marr-Albus models. However, emerging data have revealed surprising diversity in neuron types, synaptic connections, mechanisms, both locally regionally within cortex. In light of these findings, not attempts generate holistic model across different behaviors been successful. While cerebellum remains ideal linking neuronal function behavior, necessary update framework achieve its great promise. this review, we highlight recent advances our understanding cerebellar-cortical signaling forms enrich processing.

Язык: Английский

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A Systematic Review of Direct Outputs from the Cerebellum to the Brainstem and Diencephalon in Mammals

The Cerebellum, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(1), С. 210 - 239

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2022

Abstract The cerebellum is involved in many motor, autonomic and cognitive functions, new tasks that have a cerebellar contribution are discovered on regular basis. Simultaneously, our insight into the functional compartmentalization of has markedly improved. Additionally, studies output pathways seen renaissance due to development viral tracing techniques. To create an overview current state understanding efferents, we undertook systematic review all monosynaptic projections from brainstem diencephalon mammals. This revealed important cerebellum, motor nuclei, cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, predominantly di- or polysynaptic, rather than monosynaptic. Strikingly, most target areas receive input three showing convergence information at level. Overall, there appeared be large level agreement between different species as well use types neural tracers, making emerging picture solid one. Finally, discuss how this network affected by range diseases syndromes, with also non-cerebellar having impact areas.

Язык: Английский

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Integrated cardio-behavioral responses to threat define defensive states

Nature Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2023

Abstract Fear and anxiety are brain states that evolved to mediate defensive responses threats. The defense reaction includes multiple interacting behavioral, autonomic endocrine adjustments, but their integrative nature is poorly understood. In particular, although threat has been associated with various cardiac changes, there no clear consensus regarding the relevance of these changes for integrated reaction. Here we identify rapid microstates specific behaviors heart rate dynamics, which affected by long-lasting macrostates reflect context-dependent levels. addition, demonstrate one most commonly used behavioral responses—freezing as measured immobility—is part an cardio-behavioral microstate mediated Chx10 + neurons in periaqueductal gray. Our framework systematic integration readouts presents basis a better understanding complex neural systemic functions.

Язык: Английский

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Cerebellar contribution to the regulation of defensive states

Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Март 31, 2023

Despite fine tuning voluntary movement as the most prominently studied function of cerebellum, early human studies suggested cerebellar involvement emotion regulation. Since, cerebellum has been associated with various mood and anxiety-related conditions. Research in animals provided evidence for contributions to fear memory formation extinction. Fear anxiety can broadly be referred defensive states triggered by threat characterized multimodal adaptations such behavioral cardiac responses integrated into an intricately orchestrated defense reaction. This is mediated evolutionary conserved, highly interconnected network defense-related structures functional connections cerebellum. Projections from deep nucleus interpositus central amygdala interfere retention memory. Several uncovered tight between nuclei pyramis midbrain periaqueductal grey. Specifically, fastigial sends direct projections ventrolateral PAG mediate fear-evoked innate learned freezing behavior. The also regulates cardiovascular blood pressure heart rate-effects dependent on medullary regulatory structures. Because integrated, nature states, their adaptive regulation dynamic enable responding a moving threatening stimulus. In this, predicting occurrence are crucial functions calculating adequate responses. Based its role prediction error generation, connectivity limbic regions, previous results learning, this review presents regulator cardio-behavioral states.

Язык: Английский

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