Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Underwater biological surveys have been conducted around the Antarctic continent for several decades, and our knowledge of the species present in the shallow waters (<50 m) is reasonably comprehensive. However, the waters below 50 m remain underexplored on the account of difficulty of access, financial barriers and relatively few operational platforms capable of deployment to such depths. Here, we demonstrate that personal submersibles, now increasingly deployed by the expedition cruise industry, can be vessels of opportunity for biological research in the polar regions. We describe direct observations of the rarely encountered scyphozoan Stygiomedusa gigantea at water depths of 80–280 …

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Published: Jan. 1, 2023

We describe the main features of LT variability that influence native vascular plants in the Antarctic and examine the relationship between the temperature regime at the micro-level and meteorological conditions at the macro-level. We used a period of over a year, during which 37 specialized mini-loggers recorded LT near vascular plants in the Argentine Islands–Kyiv Peninsula region of the Antarctic Peninsula. Rather than measuring standard air or soil temperature, these loggers detect the temperature near the ground, in the microhabitats that harbour vascular plants. On a daily scale, LT correlates with standard (2-m) air temperature, with the values higher at …

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Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Many areas in the Arctic are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. We observe large-scale effects on physical, biological, economic and social parameters, including ice cover, species distributions, economic activity and regional governance frameworks. Arctic living marine resources are affected in various ways. A holistic understanding of these effects requires a multidisciplinary enterprise. We synthesize relevant research, from oceanography and ecology, via economics, to political science and international law. We find that multidisciplinary research can enhance our understanding and promote new questions and issues relating to impacts and outcomes of climate change in the Arctic. Such issues include recent …

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Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Cooperation in the Arctic region has been fruitful in the past few decades, generating several multilateral organizations and forums covering the entire circumpolar North. In many cases, forums were created to serve as catalysts, bringing together decision-makers from different backgrounds in a conference setting to promote dialogue and the exchange of ideas. To enquire about the possibility of creating a forum of cooperation in the eastern North American Arctic, a total of five governmental officials from Canada, Denmark, Nunavut, Québec and Greenland, and one elected representative from Greenland were interviewed with the same set of five questions. The governmental officials …

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Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Moss tundra with a thick peat layer dominated by bryophytes is one of the most important ecosystems in the High Arctic of Svalbard, but little is known about the carbon dynamics of moss tundra. Here, we estimated the net primary production (NPP) and net ecosystem production (NEP) of moss tundra on Brøggerhalvøya (Brøgger Peninsula) of north-western Svalbard (79°N). The net photosynthetic and respiration rates of the two dominant moss species, Calliergon richardsonii and Tomenthypnum nitens, were measured under laboratory conditions. On the basis of the photosynthetic and respiration characteristics and climatic data, we estimated the cumulative NPP of the dominant …

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Published: April 1, 2020

Рецензия на книгу: Lebel L. L’art de juger. Québec City:Presses de l’Université Laval, 2019, 369 p. Для цитирования: Антонов М.А. Искусство судить // Право. Журнал Высшей школы экономики. 2020. № 2. С. 254–260. Библиографическое описание: Антонов М.А. Искусство судить // Право. Журнал Высшей школы экономики. 2020. № 2. С. 254–260.

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Published: July 1, 2015

In July, 2015, the Russian President signed Law No. 264-FZ which grants to Russian citizens the right to request delisting of search results which link to inaccurate or irrelevant information about them (“the right to be forgotten”). According to its drafters, the law is expected to adapt Russian law to the European practice. This article recounts the decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union in Google Spain v. AEPD and Mario Costeja González, the case which inspired Law No. 264-FZ, and analyses commonalities and differences between the judgment of the Court of Justice and Law No. 264-FZ.The …

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Published: Jan. 1, 2015

The adoption and benefits of cloud computing services in various government ministry/department projects can help support the government’s decision-making processes in relation to a wide variety of issues by providing a more effective integrated working environment. Internally, it improves the operational efficiency of the government and, externally, it provides effective services to citizens anywhere at anytime. Its dynamic nature can maintain uniformity of services across the nation by providing better services in all e-governance projects. It allows people to access data and computer resources, and, in this digital economy, data is considered a nation’s asset and fuel for the economy. …

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Published: Dec. 1, 2014

In the present article the author considers the issues connected with globalization and structural changesin the contemporary societies. In author’s opinion, development of legal regulation encompasses not onlythe practical and theoretical argumentation in the law. It also includes the informative and communicativeperspectives of our analytical and conceptual legal thinking and of our legal world-outlook which is formedaccordingly to the social world of law. The author stresses that there are continued processes of genesisof autonomous, socially out-differentiated spheres for activities and of normative programs and criteria ofjuridical rationalization of human emotions and actions. In the light of such ideas the general …

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Published: Jan. 1, 2020

This paper is based on the analysis of transport, counterterrorism and public oversight statues law and common practice, examines legal points of using public oversight for the convenience of the transport counterterrorism safety precautions. Terrorism on transport networks is a problem which may hardly be combated beyond transport security, which, in turn, is constitutionally and legally grounded in the Russian Federation due to its high importance. For example, Article 71 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation classifies economic development, federal transport and rail transport, defense and security as falling under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation. Public security protection, …

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