Vaccine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(26), P. 126356 - 126356
Published: Sept. 18, 2024
Language: Английский
Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 348 - 357
Published: Jan. 18, 2023
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has demonstrated enhanced transmissibility and escape of vaccine-derived immunity. Although first-generation vaccines remain effective against severe disease death, robust evidence on vaccine effectiveness (VE) all infections, irrespective symptoms, remains sparse. We used a community-wide serosurvey with 5,310 subjects to estimate how vaccination histories modulated risk infection in infection-naive Hong Kong during large wave BA.2 epidemic January-July 2022. estimated that infected 45% (41-48%) the local population. Three four doses BNT162b2 or CoronaVac were 7 days after (VE 48% (95% credible interval 34-64%) 69% (46-98%) for three BNT162b2, respectively; VE 30% (1-66%) 56% (6-97%) CoronaVac, respectively). At 100 immunization, waned 26% (7-41%) 35% (10-71%) 6% (0-29%) 11% (0-54%) CoronaVac. rapid waning conferred by an increasingly complex viral evolutionary landscape highlight necessity rapidly deploying updated followed vigilant monitoring VE.
Language: Английский
Citations
160
Frontiers of Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 758 - 767
Published: March 31, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
42
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 78(1), P. 70 - 79
Published: Sept. 25, 2023
Abstract Background Growing evidence suggests that some coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors experience a wide range of long-term postacute sequelae. We examined the risk and burden new-incident cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, other thrombotic complications after severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in highly vaccinated multiethnic Southeast Asian population, during Delta predominance. Methods This cohort study used national testing healthcare claims databases Singapore to build individuals who had positive SARS-CoV-2 test between 1 September 30 November 2021 when predominated community transmission. Concurrently, we constructed test-negative control group by enrolling 13 April 2020 31 December 2022 with no infection. Participants both groups were followed up for median 300 days. estimated risks using doubly robust competing-risks survival analysis. Risks reported measures: hazard ratio (HR) excess (EB) 95% confidence intervals. Results included 106 012 infected cases 684 085 controls. Compared group, COVID-19 exhibited increased (HR, 1.157 [1.069–1.252]) (EB, 0.70 [.53–.88]) cardiovascular cerebrovascular complications. decreased graded fashion fully 1.11 [1.02–1.22]) boosted 1.10 [.92–1.32]) individuals. Conversely, burdens subsequent cardiovascular/cerebrovascular hospitalized (compared nonhospitalized cases). Conclusions Increased among individuals; can be attenuated vaccination boosting.
Language: Английский
Citations
33
Cell Biology International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(4), P. 404 - 430
Published: Jan. 23, 2024
Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome‐related coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) seriously threatens public health and safety. Genetic variants determine the expression of SARS‐CoV‐2 structural proteins, which are associated with enhanced transmissibility, virulence, immune escape. Vaccination is encouraged as a intervention, different types vaccines used worldwide. However, new continue to emerge, especially Omicron complex, neutralizing antibody responses diminished significantly. In this review, we outlined uniqueness from three perspectives. First, described detailed structure spike (S) protein, highly susceptible mutations contributes distinct infection cycle virus. Second, systematically summarized immunoglobulin G epitopes highlighted central role nonconserved regions S protein in adaptive Third, provided an overview targeting discussed impact on vaccine effectiveness. The characterization identification genomic organization will help elucidate its mechanisms viral mutation provide basis for selection optimal treatments. leaps advancements regarding improved diagnosis, targeted therapeutic remedies sound evidence showing that scientific understanding, research, technology evolved at pace pandemic.
Language: Английский
Citations
13
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 77(8), P. 1111 - 1119
Published: June 6, 2023
Abstract Background Literature on long-term real-world vaccine effectiveness of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) booster vaccines (up to and beyond 360 days) is scarce. We report estimates protection against symptomatic infection, emergency department (ED) attendances hospitalizations up days post-receipt messenger RNA (mRNA) among Singaporeans aged ≥60 years during an Omicron XBB wave. Methods conducted a population-based cohort study including all with no documented prior SARS-CoV-2 infection who had previously received ≥3 doses mRNA (BNT162b2/mRNA-1273), over 4-month period transmission XBB. reported the adjusted incidence-rate-ratio (IRR) for infections, ED at different time-intervals from both first second boosters, using Poisson regression; reference group being those their 90 179 prior. Results In total, 506 856 boosted adults were included, contributing 55 846 165 person-days observation. Protection infections third dose (first booster) waned after 180 increasing IRRs; however, held up, comparable IRRs time (≥360 dose: IRR [ED attendances] = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] .62–.85; [hospitalization] 0.58, CI .49–.70). Conclusions Our results highlight benefit in reducing amongst older wave; post-booster. A provided further reduction.
Language: Английский
Citations
20
BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)
Published: Jan. 18, 2024
Abstract Background Population-level vaccine efficacy is a critical component of understanding COVID-19 risk, informing public health policy, and mitigating disease impacts. Unlike individual-level clinical trials, population-level analysis characterizes how well vaccines worked in the face real-world challenges like emerging variants, differing mobility patterns, policy changes. Methods In this study, we analyze association between time-dependent vaccination rates outcomes for 48 U.S. states. We primarily focus on case-hospitalization risk (CHR) as outcome interest, using it proxy burden healthcare systems. Performing Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) allowed us to incorporate nonlinearities control dynamic (time-changing) static (temporally constant) factors. Dynamic factors include testing rates, activity-related engagement levels population, underlying population immunity, policy. Static comorbidities, social vulnerability, race, state expenditures. used SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance data model different variant-driven waves separately, evaluate if there changing role potential drivers across waves. Results Our study revealed strong statistically significant negative uptake CHR each variant wave, with boosters providing additional protection during Omicron wave. Higher immunity shown be associated reduced CHR. Additionally, more stringent government policies are generally decreased However, impact varied Regarding variables, vulnerability index consistently exhibits positive associations CHR, while Medicaid spending per person shows association. impacts other vary magnitude significance Conclusions This concludes that despite emergence new remain highly correlated harm. Therefore, given ongoing threat posed by COVID-19, line defense protecting reducing
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 233, P. 38 - 44
Published: June 7, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(10), P. 1319 - 1326
Published: June 21, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79(5), P. 1190 - 1196
Published: June 26, 2024
Abstract Background Data on protection afforded by updated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines (bivalent/XBB 1.5 monovalent) against the emergent JN.1 variant remain limited. Methods We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study among all boosted Singaporeans aged ≥18 years during COVID-19 wave predominantly driven JN.1, from 26 November 2023 to 13 January 2024. Multivariable Cox regression was used assess risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19–associated emergency department (ED) visits/hospitalizations, stratified vaccination status/prior infection; with individuals last ≥1 year as reference category. Vaccination status were classified using national registries. Results A total 3 086 562 adult included in population, accounting for 146 863 476 person-days observation. During outbreak, 28 160 SARS-CoV-2 infections recorded, 2926 hospitalizations 3747 ED visits. Compared earlier ancestral monovalent vaccines, receipt an XBB.1.5 booster 8–120 days associated lower (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.59 [95% confidence interval (CI), .52–.66]), visits (0.50 [.34–.73]), (0.58 [.37–.91]), while bivalent 121–365 (0.92 [.88–.95]) (0.80 [.70–.90]). Lower hospitalization outbreak (aHR, 0.57 CI, .33–.97]) still observed following earlier, even when analysis restricted previously infected individuals. Conclusions Recent boosters conferred visits/hospitalizations wave, both uninfected Annual doses confer endemicity.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 1011 - 1011
Published: May 22, 2023
COVID-19 is a major global health threat, with millions of confirmed cases and deaths worldwide. Containment mitigation strategies, including vaccination, have been implemented to reduce transmission protect the population. We conducted two systematic reviews collect nonrandomized studies investigating effects vaccination on COVID-19-related complications in Italian considered settings written English that contained data mortality complications. excluded pertained pediatric In total, we included 10 unique our reviews. The results showed fully vaccinated individuals had lower risk death, severe symptoms, hospitalization compared unvaccinated individuals. review also looked at impact post-COVID-19 syndrome, effectiveness booster doses older individuals, nationwide adverse events. Our work highlights crucial role campaigns played reducing burden disease adult population, positively impacting pandemic trajectory Italy.
Language: Английский
Citations
17