COVID-19 Outcomes Among Hematopoietic Cell Transplant and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Recipients in the Era of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variants and COVID-19 Therapeutics

Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(11), P. 1108.e1 - 1108.e11

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Increased Mortality in Kidney Transplant Recipients During the Delta/Omicron Era of the COVID‐19 Pandemic Despite Widespread Vaccination

Clinical Transplantation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Introduction The incidence of mortality late in the pandemic, particularly after widespread vaccine availability, is not well understood. Herein, we elucidate effect this impact COVID pandemic as risk factors for during it. Methods primary end point was death with a functioning graft secondary endpoints rates subgroups and at different time intervals pandemic. Results Despite vaccination, kidney transplant (KTx) recipients almost doubled COVID‐19 era (6.40 deaths per 100 person years vs. 3.54 pre‐COVID). Mortality increased all racial/ethnic groups but more Native Americans, Hispanics, African Americans compared to non‐Hispanic Caucasians. highest rate occurred Delta Omicron frames. In contrast general population, evenly spread across age KTx recipients. Conclusions were extremely high, than doubling some groups. We conclude that population vulnerable group suggests need further research into management variants future.

Language: Английский

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Leveraging near-real-time patient and population data to incorporate fluctuating risk of severe COVID-19: development and prospective validation of a personalised risk prediction tool

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 81, P. 103114 - 103114

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Risk of Severe COVID-19 in Four Immunocompromised Populations: A French Expert Perspective

Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 18, 2025

Immunocompromised patients are disproportionately impacted by severe disease, hospitalization, and mortality associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To optimize the management of these in clinical practice, we convened an expert panel to review current evidence on acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine responses COVID-19 immunocompromised populations. We identified four main groups—solid organ transplant recipients, receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T therapy, treated for hematologic malignancies, inflammatory diseases—who mount suboptimal humoral SARS-CoV-2 vaccination at increased risk COVID-19-related outcomes. A wide range factors were reduced and/or poor outcomes, most commonly older age, comorbidities, type number immunosuppressive therapies. believe that early identification close monitoring at-risk patients, plus regular booster vaccinations, prophylactic monoclonal antibody non-pharmacologic prevention measures, prompt antiviral treatment, other mitigation strategies, critical protect against infection COVID-19. Although people will fully recover from COVID-19, who less able fight more likely be hospitalized die improve treatment people, 10 experts France met discuss latest medical research this area. The focused groups people: (1) transplants; (2) transplants therapy; (3) being blood cancers; (4) diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis). These protected after develop forms pre-existing conditions diabetes, obesity, heart, lung, kidney disease), immunosuppressants. agreed it is important quickly identify clinic, so they can receive vaccines every 6 months. For unable build up their immunity vaccination, treatments also used prevent infection. In recommend using therapies nirmatrelvir/ritonavir remdesivir) becoming severe. addition measures mask wearing social distancing), strategies help

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of full mRNA vaccinations to prevent COVID-19 among immunocompromised patients receiving tixagevimab-cilgavimab as pre-exposure prophylaxis

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Safety, efficacy and immunogenicity of aerosolized Ad5-nCoV COVID-19 vaccine in a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial

npj Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Oct. 31, 2024

This phase 3, observer-blinded, non-inferiority randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05517642), conducted from September 2022 to May 2023 at three Malaysian sites, involved 540 adults previously vaccinated with COVID-19 doses. Participants were 1:1 receive either one dose of inhaled Recombinant Vaccine (Ad5-nCoV-IH) or intramuscular tozinameran (BNT-IM). The study assessed safety, vaccine efficacy (VE) and immunogenicity against SARS-CoV-2 variants. primary outcome was the anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (S-RBD IgG) antibodies, a 97.5% confidence interval lower limit for geometric mean concentration (GMC) ratio >0.67. Ad5-nCoV-IH showed than BNT-IM, GMC 0.22 seroconversion rate difference -71.91%. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) less frequent (39.26%) compared BNT-IM (64.68%). No serious vaccine-related adverse events reported. Both vaccines had comparable funded by Tianjin Biomedical Science Technology Major Project.

Language: Английский

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Endothelial injury and dysfunction with emerging immunotherapies in multiple myeloma, the impact of COVID-19, and endothelial protection with a focus on the evolving role of defibrotide

Blood Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 66, P. 101218 - 101218

Published: June 3, 2024

Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) were among the groups impacted more severely by COVID-19 pandemic, higher rates of severe disease and COVID-19-related mortality. MM COVID-19, plus post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 infection, are associated endothelial dysfunction injury, overlapping inflammatory pathways coagulopathies. Existing treatment options for MM, notably high-dose therapy autologous stem cell transplantation novel chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies bispecific engaging antibodies, also injury mechanism-related toxicities. These pathologies include cytokine release syndrome (CRS) neurotoxicity that may be exacerbated underlying endotheliopathies. In context these risks, prophylaxis approaches mitigating pro-coagulant effects important considerations patient management, including antagonists, thromboprophylaxis low-molecular-weight heparin direct oral anticoagulants, protection defibrotide in appropriate clinical settings.

Language: Английский

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Safety and Feasibility of Third-Party Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes for High-Risk Patients with Covid-19

Blood Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(15), P. 4113 - 4124

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Abstract Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) destroy virally infected cells and are critical for the elimination of viral infections such as those caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Delayed dysfunctional adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 associated with poor outcomes. Treatment allogeneic SARS-CoV-2–specific CTLs may enhance cellular immunity in high-risk patients providing a safe, direct mechanism treatment. Thirty ambulatory COVID-19 were enrolled phase 1 trial assessing safety third party, CTLs. Twelve interventional patients, 6 whom immunocompromised, matched HLA-A∗02:01 restriction received single infusion 4 escalating doses product containing 68.5% CD8+ CTLs/total cells. Symptom improvement resolution these was compared an observational group 18 lacking who could receive standard care. No dose-limiting toxicities observed at any dosing level. Nasal swab polymerase chain reaction testing showed ≥88% >99% from baseline all 14 days after infusion, respectively. The did not interfere development endogenous anti–SARS-CoV-2 humoral or responses. T-cell receptor β analysis persistence donor-derived SARS-CoV-2-specific through end 6-month follow-up period. Interventional consistently reported symptomatic 3 whereas more variable patients. potentially feasible therapy illness. This registered www.clinicaltrials.gov #NCT04765449.

Language: Английский

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Preventive Intake of a Multiple Micronutrient Supplement during Mild, Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection to Reduce the Post-Acute COVID-19 Condition: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1631 - 1631

Published: May 26, 2024

Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 have low levels of vitamins and trace elements. This could lead to a post-acute condition (PCC) that can worsen patient’s quality life. We aimed study the baseline micronutrient status patients assess whether multiple supplement (MMS) taken for 2 weeks at first sign symptoms would be able reduce incidence PCC. double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial was conducted in adult outpatients acute COVID-19, recruited between 2021 2023 Spain. Of 285 assessed eligibility, 267 were 246 included intent-to-treat population. The mean age 46.8 years, 68% female. Overall, 54.6% had deficiencies phase baseline, 26.2% PCC after 180 days follow-up (D180). most frequently recorded neurological (14.1%), 24% scoring worse cognitive tests compared their status. rate D180 similar placebo (25.0%) intervention (27.7%) groups, without significant differences (p = 0.785). Age over 50 years relevant risk factor developing PCC, followed by female sex. important protective against SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. In this population predominantly middle-aged, white women not requiring hospital admission, MMS intake 14 symptom onset did prevent nor improve D180.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and Cancer Care: A Review and Practical Guide to Caring for Cancer Patients in the Era of COVID-19

Current Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(9), P. 5330 - 5343

Published: Sept. 10, 2024

COVID-19, a novel infectious disease caused by the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in 2020, has had profound impact on healthcare, both at individual and population level. The level was felt most acutely during emergency phase pandemic, with hospital capacity issues leading to widespread disruptions delays delivery healthcare services such as screening programs elective surgeries. While hospitals are no longer being overwhelmed COVID-19 patients, vulnerable patient populations cancer patients continues be ongoing consequence. Cancer remain high risk hospitalization, ICU admission, death due even era vaccination. Infection prevention mitigation strategies air quality control, masking, testing, vaccination, treatment should therefore integrated into usual care counseling moving forward avoid preventable morbidity mortality from this infection ensure safety cohort they navigate their diagnosis COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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