Lipid Droplet–Mitochondria Contacts in Health and Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(13), P. 6878 - 6878

Published: June 22, 2024

The orchestration of cellular metabolism and redox balance is a complex, multifaceted process crucial for maintaining homeostasis. Lipid droplets (LDs), once considered inert storage depots neutral lipids, are now recognized as dynamic organelles critical in lipid energy regulation. Mitochondria, the powerhouses cell, play central role production, metabolic pathways, signaling. physical functional contacts between LDs mitochondria facilitate direct transfer primarily fatty acids, which mitochondrial β-oxidation, thus influencing homeostasis health. This review highlights recent advances understanding mechanisms governing LD-mitochondria interactions their regulation, drawing attention to proteins pathways that mediate these contacts. We discuss physiological relevance interactions, emphasizing within cells, how processes response demands stress conditions. Furthermore, we explore pathological implications dysregulated particularly context diseases such obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic liver disease, potential links cardiovascular neurodegenerative diseases. Conclusively, this provides comprehensive overview current underscoring significance suggesting future research directions could unveil novel therapeutic targets degenerative

Language: Английский

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Computational Insights on the Assembly of the Dengue Virus Membrane–Capsid–RNA Complex

The Journal of Membrane Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Metabolic Disturbances Induced by Viral Infections

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 1789 - 1789

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

Viruses are intracellular parasites that utilize organelles, signaling pathways, and the bioenergetics machinery of cell to replicate genome synthesize proteins build up new viral particles. Mitochondria key supporting virus life cycle by sustaining energy production, metabolism, synthesis macromolecules. also contribute antiviral innate immune response. Here, we describe different mechanisms involved in virus–mitochondria interactions. We analyze effects infections on metabolism glucose Warburg phenotype, glutamine, fatty acids. how viruses directly regulate mitochondrial function through modulation activity electron transport chain, generation reactive oxygen species, balance between fission fusion, regulation voltage-dependent anion channels. In addition, discuss evasion strategies used avoid mitochondrial-associated inhibit replication. Overall, this review aims provide a comprehensive view modulate maintain their replicative capabilities.

Language: Английский

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Significance of Cellular Lipid Metabolism for the Replication of Rotaviruses and Other RNA Viruses

Published: April 17, 2024

The replication of species A rotaviruses (RVAs) and other RNA viruses involves recruitment inter-action with the cellular organelles lipid droplets (LDs), both physically functionally. Inhibition en-zymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis pathway or lipases that degrade LDs re-duces functions ‘viral factories’ (viroplasms for compartments viruses) decreases production infectious progeny virus. Similarly, disturbance homeostasis various ways blocks flaviviruses (hepatitis C viruses, Zikavirus, others), HIV-1, SARS-CoV-2, picornaviruses, noroviruses, influenza negative-strand viruses.

Language: Английский

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Lipid droplets in health and disease

FEBS Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 598(10), P. 1113 - 1115

Published: May 1, 2024

Lipid droplets are ubiquitous organelles that can be formed by virtually all eukaryotic cells and fulfill central roles in lipid biology. They have a unique architecture enables them to store variable amounts of neutral lipids such as triacylglycerol sterol esters hydrophobic core compartment, which is protected from the aqueous cytosol an outer phospholipid monolayer. This monolayer houses droplet surface proteome comprises large number metabolism enzymes, mediate key steps biosynthesis turnover membrane storage [[1]]. In recent years, dysfunctions started recognized causes for disease, but underlying cell biological relationships molecular mechanisms still largely enigmatic [[2, 3]]. special issue FEBS Letters entitled "Lipid health disease" aims at providing broad view our current understanding functions physiological pathological states. Sixteen review articles highlight discoveries around life cycle, important technological advances field, insights into biology inherited acquired diseases related altered storage. endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where synthesized resident enzymes. These initially soluble within ER bilayer, eventually phase-separate higher concentrations lenses, grow addition further molecules ultimately bud [[4-6]]. Beside synthesizing proteins required biogenesis process enable control over lipidome, proteome, morphology, finally metabolic dynamics emerging organelle. A player formation conserved seipin protein. Pedro Carvalho colleagues describe mechanistic its partner [[7]]. Julia Mahamid provide overview numerous contributions electron microscopy techniques form function, ranging initial monolayer-based structures players complex [[8]]. Jennifer Sapia Stefano Vanni discuss Perspective article advancements challenges employing simulations contribute basis protein targeting [[9]]. Once formed, either acquiring ER, or fusing with other manner dependent on CIDE proteins, lipid-permeable inter-organelle bridge, reviewed detail Li Xu et al. [[10]]. When require expansion their systems during nutrient deprivation when ATP-production relies β-oxidation, consumed two alternative pathways: (a) droplet-specific autophagy termed lipophagy results degradation lysosomal lipases, (b) gradual mobilization fatty acids cytosolic lipases lipolysis. Access has tightly regulated ensure homeostasis under fluctuating conditions. human cells, members perilipin family regulating lipolysis, Alenka Čopič [[11]]. Mike Henne highlights discovery subpopulation baker's yeast carries specific set anti-lipolytic [[12]]. Xiaowen Duan David Savage Graphical Review forms lipodystrophy, non-alcoholic liver disease caused mutations involved formation, fusion, lipolysis [[13]]. Hanaa Hariri buffering excess mitigating lipotoxicity, well consequences prolonged overload [[14]]. Michele Wölk Maria Federova defining lipidome [[15]]. Antonio Barbosa Symeon Siniossoglou non-canonical synthesis pathway propose unappreciated functional relevance this remodeling [[16]]. Three contact site-based communication cellular [[17-19]]. Ludovic Enkler Anne Spang detailed bases between mitochondria mammals [[17]]. Vera Monteiro-Cardoso Francesca Giordano focus tripartite sites [[18]]. Aksel Saukko-Paavola Robin Klemm role organelle crosstalk transfer defined populations adaptation [[19]]. Arun John Peter Benoît Kornmann mass-tagging-based method tracking flux across borders living task been challenging past [[20]]. Eva Herker describes implications infectious focusing how viruses exploit genome replication virions [[21]]. Albert Pol droplet-associated perilipins, acyl-CoA synthases enabling flexibility cancer progression [[22]]. The community currently dissecting (patho-) cycle collective effort. At same time, unexpected new roles, particularly collaboration organelles, emerging, range pathologies being revealed. Exciting times clearly ahead editors hope collection may inspiration scientists addressing disease. Bohnert professor Organelle Communication Medical Faculty University Münster (Germany). She studied Molecular Medicine Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg (Germany), she received her PhD mitochondrial biogenesis. Her interest was sparked work postdoctoral researcher Weizmann Institute Science, Rehovot (Israel). group combines high-content screening approaches biochemistry identify unknown spatial organization metabolism, understand level. Bianca Schrul Biochemistry Saarland Biology Heidelberg (Germany) also PhD. After first appointment Göttingen Max-Planck-Institute Biophysical Chemistry (now Multidisciplinary Sciences), became postdoc Department Stanford (CA, USA). Here, discovered peroxisomes share machinery some constituents laid foundation establishing own research lab employs interdisciplinary uncover droplets, explore communicate lipid-metabolizing adapt changes.

Language: Английский

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Significance of Cellular Lipid Metabolism for the Replication of Rotaviruses and Other RNA Viruses

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 908 - 908

Published: June 4, 2024

The replication of species A rotaviruses (RVAs) involves the recruitment and interaction with cellular organelles’ lipid droplets (LDs), both physically functionally. inhibition enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis pathway or lipases that degrade LDs was found to reduce functions ‘viral factories’ (viroplasms for compartments other RNA viruses) decrease production infectious progeny viruses. While many viruses utilize lipids their replication, detailed analysis is far beyond this review; only a few annotations are made relating hepatitis C virus (HCV), enteroviruses, SARS-CoV-2, HIV-1.

Language: Английский

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