Electrolyte-gated transistors for enhanced performance bioelectronics

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: Oct. 7, 2021

Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs), capable of transducing biological and biochemical inputs into amplified electronic signals stably operating in aqueous environments, have emerged as fundamental building blocks bioelectronics. In this Primer, the different EGT architectures are described with mechanisms underpinning their functional operation, providing insight key experiments including necessary data analysis validation. Several organic inorganic materials used structures fabrication approaches for an optimal experimental design presented compared. The bio-layers and/or biosystems integrated or interfaced to EGTs, self-organization self-assembly strategies, reviewed. Relevant promising applications discussed, two-dimensional three-dimensional cell monitoring, ultra-sensitive biosensors, electrophysiology, synaptic neuromorphic bio-interfaces, prosthetics robotics. Advantages, limitations possible optimizations also surveyed. Finally, current issues future directions further developments discussed. (EGTs) bioelectronics, which transduce electrical signals. This Primer examines mechanism operation practical considerations related wide range applications.

Language: Английский

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Large-Scale and Flexible Optical Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing and Integrated Visible Information Sensing Memory Processing

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 1497 - 1508

Published: Dec. 29, 2020

Optoelectronic synapses integrating synaptic and optical-sensing functions exhibit large advantages in neuromorphic computing for visual information processing complex learning, recognition, memory an energy-efficient way. However, electric stimulation is still essential existing optoelectronic to realize bidirectional weight-updating, restricting the speed, bandwidth, integration density of devices. Herein, a two-terminal optical synapse based on wafer-scale pyrenyl graphdiyne/graphene/PbS quantum dot heterostructure proposed that can emulate both excitatory inhibitory behaviors pathway. The simple device architecture low-dimensional features endow with robust flexibility wearable electronics. This linear symmetric conductance-update trajectory numerous conductance states low noise, which facilitates demonstration accurate effective pattern recognition strong fault-tolerant capability even at bending states. A series logic associative learning capabilities have been demonstrated by pathways, significantly enhancing computing. Moreover, integrated visible sensing system array constructed perform real-time detection, situ image memorization, distinction tasks. work important step toward development optogenetics-inspired adaptive parallel networks

Language: Английский

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Bioinspired mechano-photonic artificial synapse based on graphene/MoS ₂ heterostructure

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(12)

Published: March 17, 2021

A bioinspired mechano-photonic artificial synapse with synergistic mechanical and optical plasticity is demonstrated.

Language: Английский

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Semiconductor Quantum Dots for Memories and Neuromorphic Computing Systems

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 120(9), P. 3941 - 4006

Published: March 23, 2020

The continued growth in the demand of data storage and processing has spurred development high-performance technologies brain-inspired neuromorphic hardware. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) offer an appealing option for these applications since they combine excellent electronic/optical properties structural stability can address requirements low-cost, large-area, solution-based manufactured technologies. Here, we focus on nonvolatile memories computing systems based QD thin-film solids. We introduce recent advances QDs highlight their unique electrical optical features designing future electronic devices. also discuss advantageous traits novel optimized memory techniques both conventional flash emerging memristors. Then, review QD-based devices from artificial synapses to light-sensory synaptic platforms. Finally, major challenges commercial translation consider directions postsilicon era.

Language: Английский

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2D Material Based Synaptic Devices for Neuromorphic Computing

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 31(4)

Published: Oct. 7, 2020

Abstract The demand for computing power has been increasing exponentially since the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), internet things (IoT), and machine learning (ML), where novel primitives are required. Brain inspired neuromorphic systems, capable combining analog data storage at device level, have drawn great attention recently. In addition, basic electronic devices mimicking biological synapse achieved significant progress. Owing to their atomic thickness reduced screening effect, physical properties 2D materials could be easily modulated by various stimuli, which is quite beneficial synaptic applications. this article, aiming high‐performance functional applications, a comprehensive review based on provided, including advantages heterostructures, robust multifunctional devices, associated Challenges strategies future development also discussed. This will provide an insight into design preparation applications in computing.

Language: Английский

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Electrolyte-gated transistors for synaptic electronics, neuromorphic computing, and adaptable biointerfacing

Applied Physics Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2020

Functional emulation of biological synapses using electronic devices is regarded as the first step toward neuromorphic engineering and artificial neural networks (ANNs). Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) are mixed ionic–electronic conductivity capable efficient gate-channel capacitance coupling, biocompatibility, flexible architectures. Electrolyte gating offers significant advantages for realization devices/architectures, including ultralow-voltage operation ability to form parallel-interconnected with minimal hardwired connectivity. In this review, most recent developments in EGT-based electronics introduced their synaptic behaviors detailed mechanisms, short-/long-term plasticity, global regulation phenomena, lateral coupling between device terminals, spatiotemporal correlated functions. Analog memory phenomena allow implementation perceptron-based ANNs. Due mixed-conductivity circuits based on EGTs facile interfacing environments. We also discuss future challenges implementing low power, high speed, reliable computing large-scale ANNs these devices. The advancement that rely highlights importance field novel healthcare technologies adaptable or trainable biointerfacing.

Language: Английский

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Flexible Artificial Sensory Systems Based on Neuromorphic Devices

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 3875 - 3899

Published: Jan. 28, 2021

Emerging flexible artificial sensory systems using neuromorphic electronics have been considered as a promising solution for processing massive data with low power consumption. The construction of synaptic devices and sensing elements to mimic complicated in biological is prerequisite the realization. To realize high-efficiency systems, development synapses consumption high-density integration essential. Furthermore, realization efficient coupling between element device crucial. This Review presents recent progress area systems. We focus on both advances synapses, including structures, mechanisms, functions, design intelligent, perception based devices. Additionally, key challenges opportunities related are examined, potential solutions suggestions provided.

Language: Английский

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Neuro-inspired electronic skin for robots

Science Robotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(67)

Published: June 8, 2022

Touch is a complex sensing modality owing to large number of receptors (mechano, thermal, pain) nonuniformly embedded in the soft skin all over body. These can gather and encode tactile data, allowing us feel perceive real world. This efficient somatosensation far outperforms touch-sensing capability most state-of-the-art robots today suggests need for neural-like hardware electronic (e-skin). could be attained through either innovative schemes developing distributed electronics or repurposing neuromorphic circuits developed other sensory modalities such as vision audio. Review highlights implementations various computational building blocks e-skin ways they integrated potentially realize human skin-like peripheral nervous system-like functionalities. The data processing are discussed along with algorithms architectures. integration ultrathin chips local computation printed on substrate used development areas expected advance robotic interaction well open new avenues research medical instrumentation, wearables, electronics, neuroprosthetics.

Language: Английский

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Contact-electrification-activated artificial afferents at femtojoule energy

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: March 11, 2021

Abstract Low power electronics endowed with artificial intelligence and biological afferent characters are beneficial to neuromorphic sensory network. Highly distributed synaptic neurons more readily driven by portable, distributed, ubiquitous sources. Here, we report a contact-electrification-activated at femtojoule energy. Upon the contact-electrification effect, induced triboelectric signals activate ion-gel-gated MoS 2 postsynaptic transistor, endowing adaptive capacity carry out spatiotemporal recognition/sensation on external stimuli (e.g., displacements, pressures touch patterns). The decay time of device is in range memory stage. energy dissipation afferents significantly reduced 11.9 fJ per spike. Furthermore, demonstrated be capable recognizing information patterns. This work great significance for construction next-generation network, self-powered biomimetic intelligent interactive equipment.

Language: Английский

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Bioinspired Multifunctional Organic Transistors Based on Natural Chlorophyll/Organic Semiconductors

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(28)

Published: June 5, 2020

Abstract Inspired by the photosynthesis process of natural plants, multifunctional transistors based on biomaterial chlorophyll and organic semiconductors (OSCs) are reported. Functions as photodetectors (PDs) light‐stimulated synaptic (LSSTs) can be switched gate voltage. As PDs, devices exhibit ultrahigh photoresponsivity up to 2 × 10 6 A W −1 , detectivity 15 Jones, I photo / dark ratio 2.7 which make them among best reported PDs. LSSTs, important functions similar biological synapses demonstrated, together with a dynamic learning forgetting image‐processing function. Significantly, benefiting from photosensitivity chlorophyll, lowest operating voltage energy consumption LSSTs −5 V 0.25 fJ, respectively. The also high flexibility long‐term air stability. This work provides new guide for developing electronics biomaterials.

Language: Английский

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