Sulfur Reduction Reaction in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: Mechanisms, Catalysts, and Characterization

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(44)

Published: Sept. 18, 2022

Abstract Lithium–sulfur batteries are one of the most promising alternatives for advanced battery systems due to merits extraordinary theoretical specific energy density, abundant resources, environmental friendliness, and high safety. However, sluggish sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) kinetics results in poor utilization, which seriously hampers electrochemical performance Li–S batteries. It is critical reveal underlying mechanisms accelerate SRR kinetics. Herein, issues reviewed. The conversion pathways initially introduced give an overview SRR. Subsequently, recent advances catalyst materials that can summarized detail, including carbon, metal compounds, metals, single atoms. Besides, various characterization approaches discussed, be divided into three categories: measurements, spectroscopic techniques, calculations. Finally, conclusion outlook part gives a summary proposes several key points future investigations on activities. This review provide cutting‐edge insights

Language: Английский

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Cu-Zn-based alloy/oxide interfaces for enhanced electroreduction of CO2 to C2+ products

Journal of Energy Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 83, P. 90 - 97

Published: May 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mo₂N Quantum Dots Decorated N‐Doped Graphene Nanosheets as Dual‐Functional Interlayer for Dendrite‐Free and Shuttle‐Free Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(40)

Published: July 28, 2022

Abstract The industrialization of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries is simultaneously impeded by the shuttle effect lithium polysulfides and dendrites growth on anode. To address both issues, a novel sulfiphilic lithiophilic interlayer Mo 2 N quantum dots decorated N‐doped graphene‐nanosheet (Mo N@NG) are presented polypropylene separator via facile scalable method. Benefiting from strong chemisorption ability, eminent electrocatalysis for LiPSs, high chemical affinity with lithium‐ion (Li + ), N@NG can efficiently catalyze rapid transformation LiPSs induce uniform deposition Li . Theoretical calculation in situ Raman synergistically elucidate inhibition alleviation dendrite growth. As result, assembled Li–S cell N@NG/PP exhibits remarkable rate performance (860.2 mA h g –1 at 4 C), good cycling stability (0.039% capacity decay per cycle after 800 cycles areal 3.89 cm –2 pouch (4.5 mg 6 µL 0.2 steady protecting anode (at 5 1500 h). This present strategy hybrid framework has great potential to be generalized other transition metal‐based catalysts advanced batteries.

Language: Английский

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Single Zinc Atom Aggregates: Synergetic Interaction to Boost Fast Polysulfide Conversion in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(6)

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) pave new possibilities to improve the utilization efficiency of sulfur electrodes arising from polysulfide shuttle effects and sluggish kinetics due their excellent applicability in atomic-scale reaction mechanisms structure-activity relationships. Herein, nitrogen (N)-anchored SACs on highly ordered N-doped carbon nanotube arrays are reported as host for fast redox conversion lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. The cube structure aligned nanotubes can promote rapid mass transfer under high loadings, abundant single-atom active sites further accelerate lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). synergistic enhancement effect induced by adjacent single atoms with interatomic distances <1 nm accelerates multi-step at loadings. As a result, obtained Li-S batteries exhibit outstanding cycle stability areal capacity 5.6 mAh cm-2 after 100 cycles loading 7.2 mg (electrolyte ratio is ≈3.7 mL g-1 ). Even assembled into pouch cell, it still delivers 953.4 0.1 C, contributing development practically viable

Language: Английский

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Polyoxometalate‐Cyclodextrin‐Based Cluster‐Organic Supramolecular Framework for Polysulfide Conversion and Guest–Host Recognition in Lithium‐sulfur Batteries

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(36)

Published: July 19, 2023

Developing polyoxometalate-cyclodextrin cluster-organic supramolecular framework (POM-CD-COSF) still remains challenging due to an extremely difficult task in rationally interconnecting two dissimilar building blocks. Here we report unprecedented POM-CD-COSF crystalline structure produced through the self-assembly process of a Krebs-type POM, [Zn2 (WO2 )2 (SbW9 O33 ]10- , and β-CD units. The as-prepared POM-CD-COSF-based battery separator can be applied as lightweight barrier (approximately 0.3 mg cm-2 ) mitigate polysulfide shuttle effect lithium-sulfur batteries. designed Li-S batteries equipped with modified exhibit remarkable electrochemical performance, attributed fast Li+ diffusion channel β-CD, efficient polysulfide-capture ability by dynamic host-guest interaction improved sulfur redox kinetics bidirectional catalysis POM cluster. This research provides broad perspective for development multifunctional frameworks their applications

Language: Английский

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Semiconducting Quantum Dots for Energy Conversion and Storage

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(16)

Published: Jan. 29, 2023

Abstract Semiconducting quantum dots (QDs) have received huge attention for energy conversion and storage due to their unique characteristics, such as size effect, multiple exciton generation large surface‐to‐volume ratio, high density of active sites, so on. However, the holistic systematic understanding mechanism centering on QDs in specific application is still lacking. Herein, a comprehensive introduction these extraordinary 0D materials, e.g., metal oxide, dichalcogenide, halides, multinary oxides, nonmetal QDs, presented. It starts with synthetic strategies properties QDs. Highlights are focused rational design development advanced QDs‐based materials various applications energy‐related fields, including photocatalytic H 2 production, CO reduction, N electrocatalytic evolution, fixation, O solar cells, metal‐ion batteries, lithium–sulfur metal–air supercapacitors. At last, challenges perspectives semiconducting detailedly proposed.

Language: Английский

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Rechargeable Metal-Sulfur Batteries: Key Materials to Mechanisms

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(8), P. 4935 - 5118

Published: April 10, 2024

Rechargeable metal-sulfur batteries are considered promising candidates for energy storage due to their high density along with natural abundance and low cost of raw materials. However, they could not yet be practically implemented several key challenges: (i) poor conductivity sulfur the discharge product metal sulfide, causing sluggish redox kinetics, (ii) polysulfide shuttling, (iii) parasitic side reactions between electrolyte anode. To overcome these obstacles, numerous strategies have been explored, including modifications cathode, anode, electrolyte, binder. In this review, fundamental principles challenges first discussed. Second, latest research on is presented discussed, covering material design, synthesis methods, electrochemical performances. Third, emerging advanced characterization techniques that reveal working mechanisms highlighted. Finally, possible future directions practical applications This comprehensive review aims provide experimental theoretical guidance designing understanding intricacies batteries; thus, it can illuminate pathways progressing high-energy-density battery systems.

Language: Английский

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Dual-Functional Lithiophilic/Sulfiphilic Binary-Metal Selenide Quantum Dots Toward High-Performance Li–S Full Batteries

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 15, 2023

Abstract The commercial viability of lithium–sulfur batteries is still challenged by the notorious lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) shuttle effect on sulfur cathode and uncontrollable Li dendrites growth anode. Herein, a bi-service host with Co-Fe binary-metal selenide quantum dots embedded in three-dimensional inverse opal structured nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton (3DIO FCSe-QDs@NC) elaborately designed for both metal highly dispersed FCSe-QDs superb adsorptive-catalytic properties can effectively immobilize soluble LiPSs improve diffusion-conversion kinetics to mitigate polysulfide-shutting behaviors. Simultaneously, 3D-ordered porous networks integrated abundant lithophilic sites accomplish uniform deposition homogeneous Li-ion flux suppressing dendrites. Taking advantage these merits, assembled Li–S full 3DIO FCSe-QDs@NC exhibit excellent rate performance stable cycling ability (a low decay 0.014% over 2,000 cycles at 2C). Remarkably, promising areal capacity 8.41 mAh cm −2 be achieved loading up 8.50 mg an ultra-low electrolyte/sulfur ratio 4.1 μL −1 . This work paves bi-serve design from systematic experimental theoretical analysis, which provides viable avenue solve challenges electrodes practical batteries.

Language: Английский

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Construction of Co₃O₄/ZnO Heterojunctions in Hollow N‐Doped Carbon Nanocages as Microreactors for Lithium–Sulfur Full Batteries

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(19)

Published: April 20, 2023

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising alternatives of conventional Li-ion attributed to their remarkable energy densities and high sustainability. However, the practical applications Li-S hindered by shuttling effect lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) on cathode Li dendrite formation anode, which together leads inferior rate capability cycling stability. Here, an advanced N-doped carbon microreactors embedded with abundant Co

Language: Английский

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Tuning the Local Coordination of CoP_1–xS_x between NiAs- and MnP-Type Structures to Catalyze Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 3143 - 3152

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

The slow conversion and rapid shuttling of polysulfides remain major challenges that hinder the practical application lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Efficient catalysts are needed to accelerate suppress shuttling. However, lack a rational understanding catalysis poses obstacles design catalysts, thereby limiting development Li-S Herein, we theoretically analyze modulation electronic structure CoP1-xSx caused by NiAs-to-MnP-type transition its influence on catalytic activity. We found interacting d-orbitals active metal sites play determining role in adsorption catalysis, optimal dz2-, dxz-, dyz-orbitals an appropriately distorted five-coordinate pyramid enable higher activity compared with their parent structures. Finally, rationally designed S were electrospun into carbonized nanofibers form nanoreactor chains for use as cathodes. resultant batteries exhibited superior properties over 1000 cycles only decay rate 0.031% per cycle demonstrated high capacity 887.4 mAh g-1 at loading 10 mg cm-2. structural bonding analyses this study provide powerful approach catalysts.

Language: Английский

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