Small‐Molecule Mixed Ionic‐Electronic Conductors for Efficient N‐Type Electrochemical Transistors: Structure‐Function Correlations DOI Creative Commons
Yongjoon Cho,

Lin Gao,

Yao Yao

et al.

Angewandte Chemie, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Abstract The fundamental challenge in electron‐transporting organic mixed ionic‐electronic conductors (OMIECs) is simultaneous optimization of electron and ion transport. Beginning from Y6‐type/U‐shaped non‐fullerene solar cell acceptors, we systematically synthesize characterize molecular structures that address the aforementioned challenge, progressively introducing increasing numbers oligoethyleneglycol (OEG; g) sidechains 1 g to 3 g, affording OMIECs 1gY, 2gY, 3gY, respectively. crystal structure 1gY preserves key structural features Y n series: a U‐shaped/planar core, close π–π stacking, interlocked acceptor groups. Versus inactive Y6 Y11, all new glycolated compounds exhibit ion‐electron transport both conventional electrochemical transistor (cOECT) vertical OECT (vOECT) architectures. Notably, 3gY with highest OEG density achieves high transconductance 16.5 mS, an on/off current ratio ~10 6 , turn‐on/off response time 94.7/5.7 ms vOECTs. Systematic optoelectronic, electrochemical, architectural, crystallographic analysis explains superior 3gY‐based performance terms denser gY content, increased crystallite dimensions decreased long‐range crystalline order, enhanced film hydrophilicity which facilitates efficient redox processes. Finally, demonstrate small‐molecule‐based complementary inverter using vOECTs, showcasing bioelectronic applicability these small‐molecule OMIECs.

Language: Английский

π‐Conjugated Polymers for High‐Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors: Molecular Design Strategies, Applications and Perspectives DOI Open Access

Zhicai Chen,

Xinliang Ding, Junwei Wang

et al.

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Abstract The last decade has witnessed significant progress in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) due to their enormous potential applications various bioelectronic devices, such as artificial synapses, biological interfaces, and biosensors. remarkable advance this field is highly powered by the development of novel mixed ionic/electronic conductors (OMIECs). π‐Conjugated polymers (CPs), which are widely used optoelectronics, emerging key channel materials for OECTs. In review, after briefly introducing OECT, we then mainly focus on latest CPs high‐performance correlations structure, basic physicochemical properties, device performance elucidated evaluating electronic characters, optoelectronic OECT performance. Then, CP‐based OECTs presented. Finally, discuss several remaining issues or challenges give our insights into advancing enhanced

Language: Английский

Citations

5
A high-frequency artificial nerve based on homogeneously integrated organic electrochemical transistors DOI
Shijie Wang, Yichang Wang,

Xinmei Cai

et al.

Nature Electronics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Materials design and applications of n-type and ambipolar organic electrochemical transistors DOI
Yuqiu Lei, Peiyun Li, Yuting Zheng

et al.

Materials Chemistry Frontiers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 133 - 158

Published: Sept. 11, 2023

With the rapid development of n-type and ambipolar OECT materials, OECTs have been widely used in constructing logic circuits, electrophysiological recording, biosensing, neuromorphic computing.

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Transient Response and Ionic Dynamics in Organic Electrochemical Transistors DOI Creative Commons
Chao Zhao, Jintao Yang,

Wei Ma

et al.

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: July 2, 2024

Abstract The rapid development of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) has ushered in a new era electronics, distinguishing itself through its application variety domains, from high-speed logic circuits to sensitive biosensors, and neuromorphic devices like artificial synapses random-access memories. Despite recent strides enhancing OECT performance, driven by the demand for superior transient response capabilities, comprehensive understanding complex interplay between charge ion transport, alongside electron–ion interactions, as well optimization strategies, remains elusive. This review aims bridge this gap providing systematic overview on fundamental working principles responses, emphasizing advancements device physics approaches. We critical aspect dynamics both volatile non-volatile applications, impact materials, morphology, structure strategies optimizing responses. paper not only offers detailed current state art, but also identifies promising avenues future research, aiming drive performance diversified applications."Image missing"

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Insulating Electrets Converted from Organic Semiconductor for High‐Performance Transistors, Memories, and Artificial Synapses DOI Open Access
Dongfan Li, Ning An, Kai Tan

et al.

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(45)

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

Abstract Electrets are commonly used charged insulators that generate a quasi‐permanent electric field. However, when conventional electrets come into direct contact with semiconductors, the energy level mismatch at interface results in low memory speed and high consumption of electret devices due to both charge injection storage being non‐conducive. To address this, n‐type semiconductor N,N′‐dioctyl‐3,4,9,10‐perylene tetracarboxylic diimide (C 8 ‐PTCDI) is converted C ‐PTCDI (D) via oxygen degradation. The resulting electrets, using an field and/or light, retain semiconductors facilitate trapping. They also exhibit deeper trap levels increased density, thereby enhancing sheet density (7.47 × 10 12 cm −2 ). As result, based on demonstrate lower operation voltage (2 V) transistors, (20 memories, (3.5 fJ per spike) artificial synapses compared those without electrets.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
On the fundamentals of organic mixed ionic/electronic conductors DOI Creative Commons
Simone Fabiano, Lucas Q. Flagg, Tania C. Hidalgo

et al.

Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(42), P. 14527 - 14539

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

This perspective offers insights from discussions conducted during the Telluride Science meeting on organic mixed ionic and electronic conductors, outlining challenges associated with understanding behavior of this intriguing materials class.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
n‐Type Organic Mixed Ionic‐Electronic Conductors for Organic Electrochemical Transistors DOI
Haojie Dai, Wan Yue

Advanced Engineering Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(9)

Published: March 16, 2024

n‐Type organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are fundamental building blocks of biosensors and complementary circuits along with p‐type. Yet, their development has been lagging behind p‐type counterparts since first emergence in 2016. The key component an OECT is the channel material, which mixed ionic‐electronic conductor (OMIEC), that dictates function performance via interactions electrolyte ions. OMIECs OECTs benchmarked by product charge‐carrier mobility ( μ ) volumetric capacitance C * ), μC . Significant progress made for novel n‐type OMIECs, best now reaching 180 F cm −1 V s This review elucidates such material emphases on underlying molecular design strategies structure‐property relationships. Furthermore, operational stability materials applications also discussed to offer readers a comprehensive view field. Finally, current limitations outlook.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
π‐Conjugated Polymers for High‐Performance Organic Electrochemical Transistors: Molecular Design Strategies, Applications and Perspectives DOI Open Access

Zhicai Chen,

Xinliang Ding, Junwei Wang

et al.

Angewandte Chemie, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Abstract The last decade has witnessed significant progress in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) due to their enormous potential applications various bioelectronic devices, such as artificial synapses, biological interfaces, and biosensors. remarkable advance this field is highly powered by the development of novel mixed ionic/electronic conductors (OMIECs). π‐Conjugated polymers (CPs), which are widely used optoelectronics, emerging key channel materials for OECTs. In review, after briefly introducing OECT, we then mainly focus on latest CPs high‐performance correlations structure, basic physicochemical properties, device performance elucidated evaluating electronic characters, optoelectronic OECT performance. Then, CP‐based OECTs presented. Finally, discuss several remaining issues or challenges give our insights into advancing enhanced

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Structural Modifications for Tuning Performance and Operational Modes in n-Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors DOI
Xinru Liu, Yu Xiao, Chaoyi Yan

et al.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) are crucial in defining the operational modes and performance of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). However, studies on design structure-performance correlations small-molecule n-type OMIECs remain scarce. Herein, we designed synthesized a series naphthalene diimide (NDI)-based small molecules by extending π-conjugation increasing number electron-withdrawing groups, achieving optimization even changes through structural regulations. OECTs based 4Br-NDI-3EG exhibit low threshold voltage -0.022 V, which is lowest reported for channel materials to date. NDI-DTYA-3EG, π-expansion 4Br-NDI-3EG, maintains -0.041 V achieves 2 orders magnitude improvement electron mobility (1.04 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1) owing its edge-on face-on orientation. Specifically, further NDI-DTYM-3EG attains sufficiently LUMO energy level (-4.51 eV), enabling spontaneous reduction 0.1 M NaCl solution without external bias, thereby self-doping. Consequently, it exhibits n-depletion-mode characteristics with transconductance value 287 μS. Moreover, devices made show exceptional stability, retaining 98% initial drain current after 150 min operation. These results provide insights into understanding conductor materials.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Strategically Tailoring Porous Polythiophene Nanofibers in Organic Electrochemical Transistors To Facilitate the Anion Doping DOI Creative Commons

Yi‐Hsuan Tung,

Chia‐Ying Li,

Yao-Tsung Huang

et al.

ACS electrochemistry., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2025

The nanofiber microstructure is porous and can maintain the crystallinity of conjugated polymers during ion doping dedoping. However, there no report about applying self-assembled with a in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). Therefore, this study aimed to enhance OECT performance by fabricating thin films using self-assembly method poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as active layer. also provide interface electrolytes facilitate penetration polymers. P3HT nanofibers are fabricated through mixed solvent system further refined ultrasonication UV irradiation. In situ electrochemical–optical analysis, ex grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering, atomic force microscopy utilized for structural analysis gain deeper insight into morphology their impact on device performance. An aqueous KPF6 electrolyte selected applied characterizations. This addressed instability issues associated hydrophilic like KCl. Among different configurations tested, undergoing without irradiation demonstrate excellent electrical properties stabile high hole mobility (μh) 0.385 cm2 s–1 V–1 figure-of-merits (μC*) 60.58 F cm–1 V–1, which significantly better than film counterpart μh 0.190 μC* 20.83 suggesting that well-ordered nanofibrillar structure effectively facilitates charge transport OECT. results new design approach tailoring fibrillar microstructures promote ion-doping capability applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

0