Advancing SnO₂ Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Perovskite Photovoltaics: A Critical Review

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2025

Currently, the latest photovoltaic technology based on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted much attention due to low cost, exciting power conversion efficiency of over 26%, large scalability, and flexibility PSCs. During development course, optimization electron transport layer (ETL) plays an important role in boosting performance PSCs, where use modification SnO2 with high chemical stability, low-temperature processability, suitable energy band levels substantially are shown solve problems poor charge transport, crystallization, inferior stability at PSC interface. Herein, we dedicate ourselves providing a comprehensive review advanced ETL for realizing efficient The fundamental properties its key as PSCs summarized first. Then, typical preparation methods introduced, including routes physical routes. Sequentially, state-of-the-art strategies optimizing quality discussed, such defect regulation, self-assembled monolayer modification, double construction. Finally, shed some light existing challenges future research directions large-scale SnO2-based

Language: Английский

---

2,2′‐Bipyridyl‐4,4′‐Dicarboxylic Acid Modified Buried Interface of High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

Abstract The regulation of interfaces remains a critical and challenging aspect in the pursuit highly efficient stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, 2,2′‐bipyridyl‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid ( HBPDC ) is incorporated as an interfacial layer between SnO 2 layers PSCs. two carboxylic moieties on bind to through esterification, while its nitrogen atoms, possessing lone electron pairs, interact with uncoordinated lead (Pb 2+ atoms Lewis acid‐base interactions. This dual functionality enables simultaneous passivation surface defects both buried layers. In addition, electron‐deficient nature enhances energy band alignment facilitates transfer from . Furthermore, incorporation strengthens adhesion, improving mechanical reliability. As result, PSCs exhibited impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) 25.41 % under standard AM 1.5G conditions, along remarkable environmental stability.

Language: Английский

---

Surface Passivation to Improve the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Energies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(21), P. 5282 - 5282

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) suffer from a quick efficiency drop after fabrication, partly due to surface defects, and can be further enhanced with the passivation of defects. Herein, is reviewed as method improve both stability PSCs, an emphasis on chemical mechanism passivation. Various molecules are utilized passivants, such halides, Lewis acids bases, amines (some result in low-dimensional perovskite), polymers. Multifunctional promising group they capable passivating multiple defects various functional groups. This review categorizes these addition considering potential limitations each type passivant. Additionally, passivants for Sn-based PSCs discussed since this has poor photovoltaic performance compared their lead-based counterpart severe Lastly, future perspectives usage addressed provide direction upcoming research practical applications.

Language: Английский

---

Hole-Transporting Materials Based on a Fluorene Unit for Efficient Optoelectronic Devices

Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(22), P. 5417 - 5417

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Solution-processable hole-transporting materials (HTMs) that form highly soluble films and thermally stable amorphous states are essential for advancing optoelectronic devices. However, the currently commercialized HTM, N,N-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N0-bis(phenyl)benzidine (TPD), exhibits poor solubility limited carrier transport when spin-coated into thin films. Herein, to address these issues, a fluorenyl group was ingeniously incorporated series of molecules structurally similar TPD. The resulting compounds, namely, 2,7-di-(N,N-diphenylamino)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene (DDF), 2,7-di-p-tolyl-(N,N-diphenylamino)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene (2M-DDF), 2,7-di-tetra-p-tolyl-(N,N-diphenylamino)-9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluorene (4M-DDF), offered tunable energy levels, transport, crystallinity, steric configuration via adjustment number terminal methyl groups. Owing its satisfactory performance, 2M-DDF can serve as an effective alternative TPD in OLED devices well guest molecule host-guest systems long-afterglow materials. Devices incorporating with Alq

Language: Английский

---

Dual‐Surface Polydentate Anchoring Enabled Strain Regulation for Stable and Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Abstract Continuous breakthroughs of photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) in perovskite solar cells are achieved, but the inherent instability caused by residual tensile strain and interfacial defects remains a major obstacle to their application. In this study, polydentate ligand‐regulated dual‐surface stress management strategy for (PVK) is introduced eliminate interface via multidentate anchoring. 3‐amino‐5‐bromopicolinaldehyde (BD) employed on lower surface PVK, while its −CO, −NH 2 , pyridine functional groups facilitate bridging SnO with alleviating lowering energy barriers. For upper surface, bis−SO pyridine, bis−CF 3 N‐(5‐Chloro‐2‐pyridyl) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide) (FC) utilized increase ion migration barrier through anchoring, which effectively diminishes defects. Besides, −CF also constructs hydrophobic surface. Notably, successfully transforms into compressive based regulation, significantly improving framework stability PVK. Consequently, devices treated BD FC achieve an elevated open‐circuit voltage 1.24 V PCE 24.70%. The modified device (unencapsulated) maintains 92% initial after 2000 h atmosphere 91% 500 under 85% RH, showcasing enhanced stability.

Language: Английский

---

Green Solvent Strategies for the Sustainable Development of Perovskite Solar Cells

Chemical Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 18, 2024

Perovskite solar cells have been of great interest over the past decade, reaching a remarkable power conversion efficiency 26.7%, which is comparable to best performing silicon devices. Moreover, capability perovskite be solution-processed at low cost makes them an ideal candidate for future photovoltaic systems that could replace expensive and III-V systems. However, current state solution-processing heavily dependent on toxic solvents such as DMF, chlorobenzene, diethyl ether so on. As devices approach commercialization large-scale fabrication, solution must first found reduce risks associated with processes. This review article presents summary general attempts achieving fully green-processed cell fabrication. A thorough examination popular possible alternatives performed, followed by their applications in layer fabrication (including anti-solvents) charge transport

Language: Английский

---

Direct Evidence of Excessive Charge-Carrier-Induced Degradation in InP Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 1408 - 1419

Published: Dec. 24, 2024

The limited operational lifetime of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) poses a critical obstacle that must be addressed before their practical application. Specifically, cadmium-free InP-based QLEDs, which are environmentally benign, experience significant degradation due to challenges in charge-carrier confinement stemming from the composition InP quantum dots (QDs). This study investigates QLEDs and provides direct evidence process. To facilitate studies, double-emission structure was designed. We employed transient electroluminescence photoluminescence for nondestructive analysis dynamics during device degradation. time-resolved emission sequence revealed changes carrier mobility within QD layer as devices degraded. Furthermore, prolonged exposure QDs population hindered radiative recombination. Our observations indicate clear QLED degradation, characterized by ligand detachment surface deterioration hole-transporting material excessive electrons. comprehensive mechanisms lays groundwork improving stability longevity, serving benchmark future research development field nanocrystal-based electroluminescent devices.

Language: Английский

---

Mechanical stability analysis of flexible perovskite solar cells via opto-electro-mechanical simulation

Solar Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 287, P. 113211 - 113211

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

---