T-Cell Epitope-Based Vaccines: A Promising Strategy for Prevention of Infectious Diseases

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 1181 - 1181

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

With the development of novel vaccine strategies, T-cell epitope-based vaccines have become promising prophylactic and therapeutic tools against infectious diseases that cannot be controlled via traditional vaccines. leverage specific immunogenic peptides to elicit protective responses pathogens. Compared vaccines, they provide superior efficacy safety, minimizing risk adverse side effects. In this review, we summarized compared prediction identification methods epitopes. By integrating bioinformatic experimental validation, efficient precise screening epitopes can achieved. Importantly, delved into approaches diverse comparing their merits demerits, as well discussing prevalent challenges perspectives in applications. This review offers fresh for formulation safe efficacious devastating which no are currently available.

Language: Английский

---

Intranasal Epitope‐Polymer Vaccine Lodges Resident Memory T Cells Protecting Against Influenza Virus

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(15)

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Intranasal vaccines, unlike injectable boost immunity along the respiratory tract; this can significantly limit virus replication and shedding. There remains a need to develop mucosal adjuvants vaccine delivery systems that are both safe effective following intranasal administration. Here, biopolymer particles (BP) densely coated with repeats of MHC class I restricted immunodominant epitopes derived from influenza A namely NP

Language: Английский

---

Memory T Cells in Respiratory Virus Infections: Protective Potential and Persistent Vulnerabilities

Medical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 48 - 48

Published: April 29, 2025

Respiratory virus infections, such as those caused by influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial (RSV), and coronaviruses, pose a significant global health burden. While the immune system’s adaptive components, including memory T cells, are critical for recognizing combating these pathogens, recurrent infections variable disease outcomes persist. Memory cells key element of long-term immunity, capable responding swiftly upon re-exposure to pathogens. They play diverse roles, cross-reactivity conserved viral epitopes modulation inflammatory responses. However, protective efficacy is influenced several factors, evolution, host age, system dynamics. This review explores dichotomy in infections: their potential confer robust protection limitations that allow breakthrough infections. Understanding underlying mechanisms governing formation, maintenance, functional deployment mucosa improving immunological interventions. We highlight recent advances vaccine strategies aimed at bolstering cell-mediated immunity discuss challenges posed evasion. Addressing gaps knowledge pivotal designing effective therapeutics vaccines mitigate burden viruses.

Language: Английский

---

Advances in protein subunit vaccines against H1N1/09 influenza

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Nov. 22, 2024

The A/H1N1pdm09 influenza virus, which caused the 2009 pandemic, has since become a recurring strain in seasonal outbreaks. Given ongoing threat of influenza, protein subunit vaccines have garnered significant attention for their safety and effectiveness. This review seeks to highlight latest developments that specifically target virus. It will also examine structure replication cycle A viruses compare different types vaccines. Additionally, address key aspects H1N1 vaccine development, such as antigen selection, expression systems, use adjuvants. role animal models evaluating these be discussed. Despite challenges like antigenic variability complexities production distribution, remain promising option future prevention efforts.

Language: Английский

---

Engineering neoantigens to form immunogenic biopolymer particles targeting metastatic breast cancer

Applied Materials Today, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38, P. 102238 - 102238

Published: May 25, 2024

Cancer vaccines that target tumor-specific neoantigens have shown promising results in recent clinical trials. However, these are still the early stages of development and face significant challenges, including fighting heterogeneous tumors, high costs limited efficacy, restricting their accessibility to cancer patients. To overcome we developed particulate neoantigen formulations by engineering Escherichia coli assemble biopolymer particles (BPs) coated with interest facilitating effective uptake antigen presenting cells induction neoantigen-specific immune responses. We designed, manufactured, tested therapeutic efficacy BPs retroviral glycoprotein 70-derived 4T1 murine metastatic breast model. Neoantigen-BP vaccine were safe effectively reduced tumor progression enhancing infiltration cytotoxic helper T into microenvironment. Tumor- infiltrating displayed levels suppressor marker B lymphocyte attenuator, while expressing higher death ligand FasL. This was aligned neoantigen-BP vaccinated mice developing significantly lower numbers tumors nodules lungs indicating response-mediated suppression metastasis. Histological analysis showed more extensive necrosis tissues groups compared control groups. The addition chekpoint inhibitor, anti-PD1, had synergistic effects on suppression. Overall, findings support feasibility utilizing neoantigen-coated as innovative delivery platform induce anti-tumor responses, mediating progression.

Language: Английский

---

Functionalisation of polyhydroxybutyrate for diagnostic uses

New Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 9 - 15

Published: Nov. 15, 2024

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biodegradable and biocompatible biopolyester, naturally produced self-assembled as spherical inclusions inside bacteria. These PHB particles contain hydrophobic core covalently coated with synthase (PhaC), which serves an anchoring linker for foreign proteins of interest. Protein engineering PhaC enables the display biologically active protein functions on surface suitable different applications. Many biomolecules, such e.g. antigens, enzymes, fluorescent were immobilized to exhibited superior functionalities when compared their respective soluble counterparts. Recently, have been successfully applied various diagnostics This mini review provides overview unique design space towards development safe cost-effective diagnostic tools, highlights important research progresses manufacturing particles-based diagnostics.

Language: Английский

---