Emerging elastic micro-nano materials for diagnosis and treatment of thrombosis

Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Thrombus is a blood clot that forms in vessel at the point of flaking. Thrombosis closely associated with cardiovascular diseases caused by different sources and factors. However, current clinical methods thrombus diagnosis treatment still have problems targeting, permeability, stability, biosafety. Therefore, recent years, based on development micro/nano technology, researchers tried to develop some new strategies for thrombosis. Due unique structural characteristics, micro-nano materials physiological environments show excellent transport delivery properties such as better vivo circulation, longer life span, targeting ability, controllable cellular internalization. Especially, elasticity stiffness are inherent mechanical well-designed materials, which can make them adapted needs thrombosis treatment. Herein, this review first introduces thrombotic microenvironment characterize process. Then, fine-tune pathological occurrence thrombosis, role elastic summarized. The properties, preparation methods, biological fate these been discussed detail. Following, applications biomedical imaging, drug delivery, therapy highlighted. Last, shortcomings future design discussed. This will provide ideas use nanotechnology future.

Language: Английский

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Erythrocyte membrane vesicles as drug delivery systems: A systematic review of preclinical studies on biodistribution and pharmacokinetics

Biomaterials Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 170, P. 214234 - 214234

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

This systematic review aims to summarize the development of erythrocyte membrane vesicles (EMVs) as drug delivery carriers, with a focus on elucidating their fate in terms biodistribution and pharmacokinetics preclinical studies. The PubMed database was systematically reviewed search for original peer-reviewed published studies use EMVs findings, following PRISMA guidelines. A total 142 articles matched selection criteria were included review. For each study, parameters extracted: type active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) encapsulated into EMVs, EMVs-API formulation method final particle size, surface modifications targeting, cell lines animal models used crucial treatment data, data finally, where applicable, about circulation time blood half-life. size did not vary significantly among different methods. complete list is provided. Circulation times half-life grouped per type. most commonly type, BALB/c mice, average EMV-API calculated be 10.4 h, all cases, up 10-fold increase observed compared that free API. Surface drastically change but improve target tissue accumulation. critical weaknesses analysed identified. Key points future are provided fill current knowledge gaps quality publications.

Language: Английский

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Emerging Targets, Novel Directions, and Innovative Approaches in Thrombosis Therapy

Aging and Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 0 - 0

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

In clinical practice, antiplatelet, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic drugs are the mainstay of thrombosis treatment, but their potential bleeding side effects limit widespread use. Therefore, modifying these existing or developing new therapies that mitigate risks while maintaining efficacy utilization is necessary. Since critical role platelets in closely related to cell surface receptors, intracellular signaling pathways metabolism, current research focuses on three major classes platelet targets develop antithrombotic drugs. The coagulation cascade has always been main target drugs, since molecules contact system more than hemostasis, targeting system, such as FXIa FXIIa, have become direction drug at present. Moreover, inflammatory response found be significantly associated with recent years, development pathways, inflammasome, also a hot topic. This article provides detailed description formulations currently being investigated, including mode action efficiency, points out shortcomings. nanomedicines can achieve precise release which greatly improve thrombolytic efficiency reduce effects. conclusion, this review summarizing methods research, hoping provide little reference for future research.

Language: Английский

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Applications of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9-Related Nanomedicines in Tumors and Vascular Diseases

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 479 - 479

Published: April 7, 2025

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is implicated in tumor progression and vascular diseases, contributing to angiogenesis, metastasis, extracellular matrix degradation. This review comprehensively examines the relationship between MMP-9 these pathologies, exploring underlying molecular mechanisms signaling pathways involved. Specifically, we discuss contribution of epithelial–mesenchymal transition, as well its involvement a spectrum including macrovascular, cerebrovascular, ocular diseases. focuses on recent advances MMP-9-targeted nanomedicine strategies, highlighting design application responsive nanoparticles for enhanced drug delivery. These nanotherapeutic strategies leverage overexpression achieve targeted release, improved penetration, reduced systemic toxicity. We explore various nanoparticle platforms, such liposomes polymer nanoparticles, their action, degradation, targeting specificity. Finally, address challenges posed by heterogeneity expression implications personalized therapies. Ultimately, this underscores diagnostic therapeutic potential nanomedicines against tumors

Language: Английский

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Mechanical Biomimetic Nanocomposites for Multidimensional Treatment of Arterial Thrombosis

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract Arterial thrombosis is a severe cardiovascular condition associated with high mortality and disability rates. Traditional pharmacological thrombolytic therapies, however, are limited by narrow therapeutic window, short drug half‐lives, restricted effectiveness, the risk of hemorrhagic complications. Moreover, unique biological microenvironment arterial characterized shear stress an inflammatory milieu rich in reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting relatively recurrence rate. To address these challenges, mechanical biomimetic nanocomposite MPB‐NO‐UK@PM developed doping sodium nitroprusside, nitric oxide (NO) donor, into mesoporous Prussian blue (MPB) nanoparticles to form MPB‐NO, which then loaded urokinase (UK) coated platelet membranes (PM). The exhibits excellent thrombus‐targeting ability enhances efficacy through synergistic photothermal pharmacological, while simultaneously reducing bleeding. released NO induces antiplatelet aggregation effects, effectively scavenges ROS cytokines, thereby preventing thrombus recurrence. Additionally, possesses superior photoacoustic imaging capabilities, enabling visualization diagnosis treatment. This approach represents novel pathway for multidimensional efficient management thrombosis.

Language: Английский

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Nanomedicine: Pioneering Advances in Neural Disease, Stroke and Spinal Cord Injury Treatment

Neuroglia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 9 - 9

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Background: Neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), stroke, and spinal cord injury (SCI) are significant global health challenges due to their complex pathology limited therapeutic options. Conventional treatments often fail efficiently cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB), leading poor bioavailability systemic toxicity. This narrative review explores potential of nanomedicine in addressing these limitations advancing targeted therapies for neural disorders. Methods: examines recent studies on use engineered nanoparticles (NPs), including liposomes, dendrimers, micelles, nanogels, drug delivery multifunctional theranostics diseases. It evaluates role promoting axon regeneration, reducing neuroinflammation, repairing damage. Additionally, innovative applications gene therapy RNA-based treatments, CRISPR-Cas9 RNA interference (RNAi), discussed. Challenges related toxicity, scalability, affordability, regulatory barriers highlighted, along with strategies address issues. Results: Nanoparticles have shown promise crossing BBB, delivering agents tissues, minimizing off-target effects. Emerging demonstrate versatility disease-specific challenges. However, unresolved issues long-term safety, manufacturing cost continue pose Conclusions: Nanomedicine offers a promising approach overcoming current treatment emphasizes need continued interdisciplinary efforts translational highlights improve outcomes quality life patients disorders, SCI.

Language: Английский

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Combination Using Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Magnetic Field for Cancer Therapy

The Chemical Record, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

Abstract Iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) demonstrate notable benefits in magnetic induction, attributed to their distinctive physical and chemical attributes. Emerging cancer treatment utilizing fields have also gathered increasing attention the biomedical field. However, defects of difficult dispersion poor biocompatibility MNPs seriously hinder application. In order overcome its inherent maximize therapeutic potential MNPs, various functionalized been developed, numerous combined methods based on widely studied. this review, we compare analyze common with different sizes, shapes, functional modifications. Additionally, introduced mechanisms strategies, such as magnetically controlled targeting, hyperthermia, magneto‐mechanical effect, which unique induction capabilities MNPs. Finally, main challenges smart nanomaterials were discussed. This review seeks offer a thorough overview biomedicine new sight for application tumor treatment.

Language: Английский

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Revolutionizing healthcare: inorganic medicinal nanoarchitectonics for advanced theranostics

Nanoscale Horizons, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 460 - 483

Published: Nov. 22, 2024

Over the last two decades, advancements in nanomaterials and nanoscience have paved path for emergence of nano-medical convergence science, significantly impacting healthcare. In our review, we highlight how these are applied various biomedical technologies such as drug delivery systems, bio-imaging diagnostic therapeutic purposes. Recently, novel inorganic nanohybrid drugs been developed, combining multifunctional with agents (known medicinal nanoarchitectonics). These innovative actively utilized cutting-edge medical treatments, including targeted anti-cancer therapy, photo radiation immunotherapy. This review provides a detailed overview current development status nanoarchitectonics explores potential future directions their advancements.

Language: Английский

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Micro‐ and nanorobots from magnetic particles: Fabrication, control, and applications

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(4)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Abstract Magnetic microparticles (MPs) and nanoparticles (NPs) have long been used as ideal miniaturized delivery detection platforms. Their use micro‐ nanorobots (MNRs) is also emerging in the recent years with help of more dedicated external magnetic field manipulations. In this review, we summarize research progress on nanoparticle (MNP)‐based MNRs. First, fabrication from either template‐assisted NP doping methods or directly synthesized MPs summarized. The driving torque sources for both types MNRs are analyzed, their propulsion control under low Reynolds number flows discussed by evaluating symmetry breaking mechanisms interparticle interactions. Subsequently, these scientific models, bioimaging agents, active delivery, treatment platforms (drug cell sterilization), biomedical diagnostics has reviewed. Finally, perspective MNPs‐based was outlined, including challenges future directions.

Language: Английский

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