Challenges and Opportunities: Nanomaterials in Epilepsy Diagnosis

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 23, 2025

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by significant rate of disability. Accurate early diagnosis and precise localization the epileptogenic zone are essential for timely intervention, seizure prevention, personalized treatment. However, over 30% patients with epilepsy exhibit negative results on electroencephalography magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which can lead to misdiagnosis subsequent delays in Consequently, enhancing diagnostic methodologies imperative effective management. The integration nanomaterials biomedicine has led development tools epilepsy. Key advancements include nanomaterial-enhanced neural electrodes, contrast agents, biochemical sensors. Nanomaterials improve quality electrophysiological signals broaden detection range electrodes. In imaging, functionalized nanoparticles enhance MRI sensitivity, facilitating zone. NIR-II nanoprobes enable tracking seizure-related biomarkers deep tissue penetration. Furthermore, sensitivity sensors detecting biomarkers, crucial detection. These significantly increase specificity. challenges remain, particularly regarding biosafety, control, scalability fabrication processes. Overcoming these obstacles successful clinical translation. Artificial-intelligence-based big data analytics facilitate screening specific properties. This approach may help address current limitations both effectiveness safety. review explores application epilepsy, objective inspiring innovative ideas strategies effectiveness.

Language: Английский

Transparent MXene Microelectrode Arrays for Multimodal Mapping of Neural Dynamics

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(4)

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

Transparent microelectrode arrays have proven useful in neural sensing, offering a clear interface for monitoring brain activity without compromising high spatial and temporal resolution. The current landscape of transparent electrode technology faces challenges developing durable, highly electrodes while maintaining low impedance prioritizing scalable processing fabrication methods. To address these limitations, we introduce artifact-resistant MXene optimized spatiotemporal resolution recording activity. With 60% transmittance at 550 nm, enable simultaneous imaging electrophysiology multimodal mapping. Electrochemical characterization shows 563 ± 99 kΩ 1 kHz charge storage capacity 58 mC cm⁻² chemical doping. In vivo experiments rodent models demonstrate the arrays' functionality performance. model chemically-induced epileptiform activity, tracked ictal wavefronts via calcium simultaneously seizure onset. rat barrel cortex, recorded multi-unit across cortical depths, showing feasibility high-frequency electrophysiological transparency optical absorption properties Ti₃C₂Tx microelectrodes high-quality recordings light-based stimulation contamination from light-induced artifacts.

Language: Английский

A Signal-On Microelectrode Electrochemical Aptamer Sensor Based on AuNPs–MXene for Alpha-Fetoprotein Determination

Sensors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(24), P. 7878 - 7878

Published: Dec. 10, 2024

As a crucial biomarker for the early warning and prognosis of liver cancer diseases, elevated levels alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma germ cell tumors. Herein, we present novel signal-on electrochemical aptamer sensor, utilizing AuNPs–MXene composite materials, sensitive AFP quantitation. The was synthesized through simple one-step method modified on portable microelectrodes. signal molecules, aptamers were conjugated methylene blue (MB) immobilized electrode surface. When interacting AFP, conformational changes in aptamer–target complex caused MB to approach electrode, enhanced mechanisms. developed sensor demonstrated high sensitivity selectivity log-linear relationship defined as 1–300 ng/mL, LOD 0.05 ng/mL (S/N = 3). applied laboratorial real clinical samples presented satisfactory selectivity, reproducibility, long-term stability. proposed high-performance highlights potential sensors improving capabilities disease management.

Language: Английский