A Nano‐Heterogeneous Membrane for Efficient Separation of Lithium from High Magnesium/Lithium Ratio Brine

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(14)

Published: Jan. 27, 2021

Abstract Lithium extraction from salt lake brines is highly demanded to circumvent the lithium supply shortage. However, polymer nanofiltration membranes suffer low permeability while nanofluidic devices are hindered by complicated preparation and miniaturized scales despite high permeability. Here, authors report a facile strategy prepare positively charged for ultrapermeable selective separation of ions concentrated magnesium/lithium mixtures. A new electrolyte monomer (diaminoethimidazole bromide, DAIB) containing bidentate amine groups designed modify pristine polyamide composite membranes. Structure characterizations simulations show that DAIB modification brings about nano‐heterogeneity not only improves surface hydrophilicity, but also reduces water transport resistance through ≈100 nm thick layer. Water permeance modified membrane fivefold coupled with good stability in 200‐h continuous nanofiltration. It exhibits flux (0.7 mol m −2 h −1 ) (Mg 2+ /Li + ratio 20) at 6 bar operation pressure.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Design Strategies toward Improvement of Charge Injection and Ionic Conduction in Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors for Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 122(4), P. 4325 - 4355

Published: Dec. 13, 2021

Expanding the toolbox of biology and electronics mutual conjunction is a primary aim bioelectronics. The organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) has undeniably become predominant device for mixed conduction materials, offering impressive transconduction properties alongside relatively simple architecture. In this review, we focus on discussion recent material developments in area conductors bioelectronic applications by means thorough structure-property investigation analysis current challenges. Fundamental operation principles OECT are revisited, characterization methods highlighted. Current ionic-electronic (OMIECs) underlined. Challenges performance operational stability channel materials as well potential strategies mitigating them, discussed. This further expanded to sketch synopsis history both p- n-type operation, detailing synthetic challenges milestones which have been overcome frequently produce higher performing devices. cumulative work multiple research groups summarized, design extracted present series that can be utilized drive figure-of-merit values even future OMIEC materials.

Language: Английский

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Recent Progress in Transistor‐Based Optoelectronic Synapses: From Neuromorphic Computing to Artificial Sensory System

Advanced Intelligent Systems, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(6)

Published: Feb. 5, 2021

Neuromorphic electronics draw attention as innovative approaches that facilitate hardware implementation of next‐generation artificial intelligent system including neuromorphic in‐memory computing, sensory perception, and humanoid robotics. Among the various devices, optoelectronic synapses are promising devices use optical means to mimic synaptic plasticity related functions. Compared with classical chip based on electronic using electrical means, photonic light input spike signal can be attractive alternative approach for capable high density, low power consumption, crosstalk. Thus, have been developed overcome drawback conventional synapses. Herein, recent progresses in transistor‐based review their device architecture, operational mechanisms, manufacturing methodologies, advanced applications computing visual perception systems focused. Finally, future challenges research direction discussed.

Language: Английский

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Cephalopod-Inspired Chromotropic Ionic Skin with Rapid Visual Sensing Capabilities to Multiple Stimuli

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 3509 - 3521

Published: Feb. 2, 2021

Biological skin systems can perceive various external stimuli through ion transduction. Especially, the of some advanced organisms such as cephalopods further promptly change body color by manipulating photonic nanostructures. However, current skin-inspired soft iontronics lack rapid full-color switching ability to respond multiple including tension, pressure, and temperature. Here, an intelligent chromotropic with these fascinating functions is developed constructing a biomimetic ultrastructure anisotropic electrostatic repulsion. This skin-like synchronously realize electrical response optical visualization mechanical strain tactile sensation adjusting in cooperation ionic mechanotransduction. Notably, it perform instantaneous geometric changes thermal via repulsion interior. Such capability allows bionic transduce temperature or infrared light into signals real time. The design nanostructures expands application for at higher levels, providing concise, multifunctional, interactive sensing platform that dynamically displays information on its body.

Language: Английский

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Artificial multisensory integration nervous system with haptic and iconic perception behaviors

Nano Energy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 106000 - 106000

Published: March 18, 2021

Language: Английский

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Conductive Hydrogel for Flexible Bioelectronic Device: Current Progress and Future Perspective

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(1)

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Abstract Conductive hydrogels (CHs) for flexible bioelectronic devices have raised great attention due to their tunable mechanical performances, adhesion, anti‐swelling, and biocompatibility. This review summarizes the current development of conductive hydrogel‐based in aspect classifications applications. Firstly, are classified into two kinds according types conductivity: ionic electronic (hydrogel based on pure materials, introducing micro/nano‐materials). Secondly, applications device, like wearable (strain sensor, body fluid detector, serviced extreme environment), tissue engineering (skin, heart, nerve, muscle), other (bionic robot, cancer treatment), highly illustrated. Finally, a depth outlook is given, which aims promote this field future.

Language: Английский

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Bioinspired sensor system for health care and human‐machine interaction

EcoMat, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(5)

Published: April 5, 2022

Abstract Bioinspired sensor system leads the development of new generation technology with remarkable features like ultra‐sensitivity, low‐power consumption and self‐adaptability. With help bioinspired systems, human perception can be quantified machines endowed specific perception. As an emerging technology, has been widely used in various fields such as industrial, medical, food safety, military robotic. This review summarizes recent process system. First, three bionic strategies are defined materials, structures, functional according to sources inspiration. Second, systems different working mechanisms summarized classified into piezoresistive, capacitive, triboelectric, piezoelectric, other types. Afterward, for applications, representative works health care human‐machine interaction focused introduced, respectively. Finally, current challenges prospects also discussed. image

Language: Английский

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Age of Flexible Electronics: Emerging Trends in Soft Multifunctional Sensors

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(16)

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Abstract With the commercialization of first‐generation flexible mobiles and displays in late 2010s, humanity has stepped into age electronics. Inevitably, soft multifunctional sensors, as essential components next‐generation electronics, have attracted tremendous research interest like never before. This review is dedicated to offering an overview latest emerging trends sensors their accordant future development (R&D) directions for coming decade. First, key characteristics predominant target stimuli are highlighted. Second, important selection criteria introduced. Next, materials/structures identified. Specifically, R&D these envisaged based on trends, namely i) decoupling multiple stimuli, ii) data processing, iii) skin conformability, iv) energy sources. Finally, challenges potential opportunities discussed, new insights prospects fast‐emerging technology.

Language: Английский

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Light-driven carbon nitride microswimmers with propulsion in biological and ionic media and responsive on-demand drug delivery

Science Robotics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(62)

Published: Jan. 19, 2022

We propose two-dimensional poly(heptazine imide) (PHI) carbon nitride microparticles as light-driven microswimmers in various ionic and biological media. Their high-speed (15 to 23 micrometer per second; 9.5 ± 5.4 body lengths second) swimming multicomponent solutions with concentrations up 5 M without dedicated fuels is demonstrated, overcoming one of the bottlenecks previous microswimmers. Such high ion tolerance attributed a favorable interplay between particle’s textural structural nanoporosity optoionic properties, facilitating interactions salinity. Biocompatibility these validated by cell viability tests three different lines primary cells. The nanopores swimmers are loaded model cancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX), resulting (185%) loading efficiency passive release. Controlled drug release reported under pH conditions can be triggered on-demand illumination. Light-triggered, boosted DOX its active degradation products demonstrated oxygen-poor using intrinsic, environmentally sensitive light-induced charge storage properties PHI, which could enable future theranostic applications oxygen-deprived tumor regions. These organic PHI simultaneously address current microswimmer challenges tolerance, fuel-free propulsion media, biocompatibility, controlled cargo toward their biomedical, environmental, other potential applications.

Language: Английский

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A microscale soft ionic power source modulates neuronal network activity

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 620(7976), P. 1001 - 1006

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

Abstract Bio-integrated devices need power sources to operate 1,2 . Despite widely used technologies that can provide large-scale targets, such as wired energy supplies from batteries or wireless transduction 3 , a efficiently stimulate cells and tissues on the microscale is still pressing. The ideal miniaturized source should be biocompatible, mechanically flexible able generate an ionic current for biological stimulation, instead of using electron flow in conventional electronic 4–6 One approach use soft inspired by electrical eel 7,8 ; however, combine required capabilities have not yet been produced, because it challenging obtain units both conserve contained before usage are easily triggered produce output. Here we develop depositing lipid-supported networks nanolitre hydrogel droplets internal ion gradients energy. Compared original eel-inspired design 7 our shrink volume unit more than 10 5 -fold store longer 24 h, enabling operation on-demand with 680-fold greater density about 1,300 W m −3 Our droplet device serve biocompatible modulate neuronal network activity three-dimensional neural microtissues ex vivo mouse brain slices. Ultimately, ionotronic might integrated into living organisms.

Language: Английский

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