Atomically dispersed Pt and Fe sites and Pt–Fe nanoparticles for durable proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Nature Catalysis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(6), P. 503 - 512

Published: June 2, 2022

Abstract Proton exchange membrane fuel cells convert hydrogen and oxygen into electricity without emissions. The high cost low durability of Pt-based electrocatalysts for the reduction reaction hinder their wide application, development non-precious metal is limited by performance. Here we design a hybrid electrocatalyst that consists atomically dispersed Pt Fe single atoms Pt–Fe alloy nanoparticles. Its mass activity 3.7 times higher than commercial Pt/C in cell. More importantly, cell with loading cathode (0.015 mg cm −2 ) shows an excellent durability, 97% retention after 100,000 cycles no noticeable current drop at 0.6 V over 200 hours. These results highlight importance synergistic effects among active sites provide alternative way to more durable low-Pt electrochemical devices.

Language: Английский

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Manipulating the Local Coordination and Electronic Structures for Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 33(40)

Published: Aug. 21, 2021

Abstract Non‐noble‐metal‐based nanomaterials can exhibit extraordinary electrocatalytic performance toward the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by harnessing structural during catalysis and synergistic effect between elements. However, structure of active centers in bimetallic/multimetallic catalysts is under long‐time debate community. Here, an efficient bimetallic Ni–Fe selenide‐derived OER electrocatalyst reported structure–activity correlation studied. By combining experiments theoretical calculations, a conceptual advance provided, that local coordination distortion disordering sites inherited from pre‐catalyst post‐formed further reconstruction are responsible for boosting performance. The center identified on Ni showing moderate bindings with oxygenous intermediates rather than Fe strong poisonous adsorptions. These findings provide crucial understanding manipulating electronic structures rational design fabrication electrocatalysts.

Language: Английский

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High‐Entropy Alloys for Electrocatalysis: Design, Characterization, and Applications

Small, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(7)

Published: Nov. 5, 2021

Abstract High‐entropy alloys (HEAs) are expected to function well as electrocatalytic materials, owing their widely adjustable composition and unique physical chemical properties. Recently, HEA catalysts extensively studied in the field of electrocatalysis; this motivated authors investigate relationship between structure HEAs performance. In review, latest advances electrocatalysts systematically summarized, with special focus on nitrogen fixation, carbon cycle, water splitting, fuel cells; addition, by combining characterization analysis microstructures, rational design strategies for optimizing electrocatalysts, including controllable preparation, component regulation, strain engineering, defect theoretical prediction proposed. Moreover, existing issues future trends predicted, which will help further develop these high‐entropy materials.

Language: Английский

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Photoelectrochemical energy storage materials: design principles and functional devices towards direct solar to electrochemical energy storage

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 51(4), P. 1511 - 1528

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Advanced solar energy utilization technologies have been booming for carbon-neutral and renewable society development. Photovoltaic cells now hold the highest potential widespread sustainable electricity production photo(electro)catalytic could supply various chemicals. However, both of them require connection storage devices or matter to compensate intermittent sunlight, suffering from complicated structures external loss. Newly developed photoelectrochemical (PES) can effectively convert store in one two-electrode battery, simplifying configuration decreasing Based on PES materials, realize direct solar-to-electrochemical storage, which is fundamentally different (solar-to-chemical conversion) photovoltaic (solar-to-electricity conversion). This review summarizes a critically selected overview advanced key electrochemical technology, with focus research progress processes design principles. specific discussions performance metrics, bottlenecks devices, including low efficiency deteriorative stability, are also discussed. Finally, several perspectives strategies overcome practical presented.

Language: Английский

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Scalable Molten Salt Synthesis of Platinum Alloys Planted in Metal–Nitrogen–Graphene for Efficient Oxygen Reduction

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 61(6)

Published: Dec. 11, 2021

Fuel cells are considered as a promising alternative to the existing traditional energy systems towards sustainable future. Nevertheless, synthesis of efficient and robust platinum (Pt) based catalysts remains challenge for practical applications. In this work, we present simple scalable molten-salt method producing low-platinum nanoalloy implanted in metal-nitrogen-graphene. The as-prepared low-Pt alloyed graphene exhibits high oxygen reduction activity 1.29 A mgPt-1 excellent durability over 30 000 potential cycles. catalyst nanoarchitecture encased Pt provides capability against nanoparticle migration corrosion due strong metal-support interaction. Similarly, advanced characterization theoretical calculations show that multiple active sites synergistically account improved reduction. This work not only an but also facile design idea preparation technique integrated achieve more profound applications fuel beyond.

Language: Английский

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Electrochemical C–N coupling of CO₂and nitrogenous small molecules for the electrosynthesis of organonitrogen compounds

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 52(6), P. 2193 - 2237

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Electrochemical C–N coupling reaction by renewable electricity for the electrosynthesis of organonitrogen compounds with abundant CO 2 and nitrogenous small molecules as carbon nitrogen sources, respectively, is a promising sustainable synthetic strategy.

Language: Английский

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Extraordinary p–d Hybridization Interaction in Heterostructural Pd‐PdSe Nanosheets Boosts C−C Bond Cleavage of Ethylene Glycol Electrooxidation

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 61(16)

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Advanced electrocatalysts for complete oxidation of ethylene glycol (EG) in direct EG fuel cells are strongly desired owing to the higher energy efficiency. Herein, Pd-PdSe heterostructural nanosheets (Pd-PdSe HNSs) have been successfully fabricated via a one-step approach. These HNSs feature unique electronic and geometrical structures, which unconventional p-d hybridization interactions tensile strain effect co-exist. Compared with commercial Pd/C Pd NSs catalysts, display 5.5 (6.6) 2.5 (2.6) fold enhancement specific (mass) activity reaction (EGOR). Especially, optimum C1 pathway selectivity reaches 44.3 %, illustrating superior C-C bond cleavage ability. Electrochemical situ FTIR spectroscopy theoretical calculations demonstrate that extraordinary interaction could effectively reduce activation breaking accelerate CO* oxidation, boosting improving catalytic performance.

Language: Английский

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3D Co₃O₄‐RuO₂ Hollow Spheres with Abundant Interfaces as Advanced Trifunctional Electrocatalyst for Water‐Splitting and Flexible Zn–Air Battery

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(38)

Published: July 12, 2022

Abstract Exploiting efficient and stable electrocatalysts with trifunctional catalytic activity toward hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen (OER), reduction (ORR) act has a crucial role sustainable energy development. Therefore, this study fabricates Co 3 O 4 ‐RuO 2 hollow spheres using facile eco‐friendly solvothermal low temperature oxidation procedure followed by ice water treatment (IW‐Co ‐HS). The specific nanostructure could provide sufficient active sites channels in the electrocatalytic procedure. Then, IW‐Co ‐HS presents small overpotentials HER (40 mV@ 10 mA cm −2 ) OER (250 ), high half‐wave potential for ORR (E 1/2 @ 0.79 V). Remarkably, also superior performances water‐splitting flexible rechargeable Zn–air batteries. Furthermore, electrolysis can be driven energy, including solar, wind, thermal assembled battery. This provides valid path to synthesize multifunctional on energy‐related devices.

Language: Английский

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Stabilizing Fe–N–C Catalysts as Model for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8(23)

Published: Oct. 23, 2021

Abstract The highly efficient energy conversion of the polymer‐electrolyte‐membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is extremely limited by sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and poor electrochemical stability catalysts. Hitherto, to replace costly Pt‐based catalysts, non‐noble‐metal ORR catalysts are developed, among which transition metal–heteroatoms–carbon (TM–H–C) materials present great potential for industrial applications due their outstanding catalytic activity low expense. However, during testing in a two‐electrode system high complexity have become big barrier commercial applications. Thus, herein, simplify research, typical Fe–N–C material with relatively simple constitution structure, selected as model catalyst TM–H–C explore improve such kind Then, different types active sites (centers) coordination systematically summarized discussed, possible attenuation mechanism strategies analyzed. Finally, some challenges faced prospects proposed shed light on future development trend advanced catalysis.

Language: Английский

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Advanced Atomically Dispersed Metal–Nitrogen–Carbon Catalysts Toward Cathodic Oxygen Reduction in PEM Fuel Cells

Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(37)

Published: Aug. 26, 2021

Abstract Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are a highly efficient hydrogen energy conversion technology, which shows great potential in mitigating carbon emissions and the crisis. Currently, to accelerate kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) required for PEMFCs, extensive utilization expensive rare platinum‐based catalysts at cathodic side, impeding their large‐scale commercialization. In response this issue, atomically dispersed metal–nitrogen–carbon (M–N–C) with cost‐effectiveness, encouraging activity, unique advantages (e.g., homogeneous activity sites, high atom efficiency, intrinsic activity) have been widely investigated. Considerable progress domain has witnessed past decade. Herein, comprehensive summary recent development M–N–C ORR under acidic conditions application electrode assembly (MEA) PEM cells, presented. The mechanisms, composition, operating principles PEMFCs introduced. Thereafter, towards improved MEA performance is summarized detail, improvement strategies stability systematically analyzed. Finally, remaining challenges significant research directions design high‐performance discussed.

Language: Английский

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