Hydrogel‐Based Flexible Electronics

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(14)

Published: Aug. 29, 2022

Abstract Flexible electronics is an emerging field of research involving multiple disciplines, which include but not limited to physics, chemistry, materials science, electronic engineering, and biology. However, the broad applications flexible are still restricted due several limitations, including high Young's modulus, poor biocompatibility, responsiveness. Innovative aiming for overcoming these drawbacks boost its practical application highly desirable. Hydrogel a class 3D crosslinked hydrated polymer networks, exceptional material properties render it as promising candidate next generation electronics. Here, latest methods synthesizing advanced functional hydrogels state‐of‐art hydrogel‐based in various fields reviewed. More importantly, correlation between hydrogel device performance discussed here, have better understanding development by using environmentally responsive hydrogels. Last, perspectives on current challenges future directions multifunctional provided.

Language: Английский

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Hydro/Organo/Ionogels: “Controllable” Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(43)

Published: Sept. 6, 2022

Demand for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers continues to increase with technological advances in wearable electronics and military applications. In this study, a new strategy overcome the drawbacks of current by employing co-contribution functional polymer frameworks liquids strong EMW absorption properties is proposed. Strongly polar water, dimethyl sulfoxide/water mixtures, highly conductive 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate ([EMI][ES]) are immobilized dielectrically inert networks form different classes gels (hydrogels, organogels, ionogels). These demonstrate high correlation between their dielectric polarity/ionic conductivity/non-covalent interaction liquids. Thus, performances can be precisely tuned over wide range due diversity stability The prepared hydrogels show good shielding performance (shielding efficiency > 20 dB) constants, while organogels moderate attenuation ability impedance matching achieve full-wave X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz) at 2.5 ± 0.5 mm. ionogels also offer effective bandwidth (10.79-16.38 GHz 2.2 mm) via prominent ionic conduction loss. short, work provides conceptually novel platform develop high-efficient, customizable, low-cost absorbers.

Language: Английский

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Approaching intrinsic dynamics of MXenes hybrid hydrogel for 3D printed multimodal intelligent devices with ultrahigh superelasticity and temperature sensitivity

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: June 14, 2022

Hydrogels are investigated broadly in flexible sensors which have been applied into wearable electronics. However, further application of hydrogels is restricted by the ambiguity sensing mechanisms, and multi-functionalization systems based on terms cost, difficulty integration, device fabrication remains a challenge, obstructing specific scenarios. Herein, cost-effective, structure-specialized scenario-applicable 3D printing direct ink writing (DIW) technology fabricated two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides (MXenes) bonded hydrogel sensor with excellent strain temperature performance developed. Gauge factor (GF) 5.7 (0 - 191% strain) high sensitivity (-5.27% °C-1) within wide working range 80 °C) can be achieved. In particular, corresponding mechanisms clarified finite element analysis first use situ temperature-dependent Raman for hydrogels, printed realize precise indication shape memory solar array hinge.

Language: Английский

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Biomimetic Porous MXene Sediment-Based Hydrogel for High-Performance and Multifunctional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 15042 - 15052

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

Developing high-performance and functional hydrogels that mimic biological materials in nature is promising yet remains highly challenging. Through a facile, scalable unidirectional freezing followed by salting-out approach, type of composed "trashed" MXene sediment (MS) biomimetic pores manufactured. By integrating the honeycomb-like ordered porous structure, conductive MS, water, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness up to 90 dB X band can reach more than 40 ultrabroadband gigahertz (8.2–40 GHz) for flexible hydrogel, outperforming previously reported EMI shields. Moreover, thanks stable framework MS-based influences water on performance are quantitatively identified. Furthermore, extremely low content silver nanowire embedded into hydrogels, leading significantly improved multiple reflection-induced microwave loss thus performance. Last, allow sensitive reliable detection human motions smart coding. This work not only achieves control via interior structure but also demonstrates waste-free, low-cost, strategy prepare multifunctional, hydrogels.

Language: Английский

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Design and advanced manufacturing of electromagnetic interference shielding materials

Materials Today, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 66, P. 245 - 272

Published: April 10, 2023

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is critical in electronic applications. However, the currently available EMI materials are restricted customizability and application flexibility. Recent advances manufacturing technologies have provided a unique path to achieve custom creation of solutions. A successful example additive (AM), which has enabled high design freedom, efficient performance regulation, multifunctionality simultaneously into fabricated shields, offering an opportunity start revolution field shielding. In this review, we summarize latest AM materials, aiming provide deep understanding connection between raw methods, considerations, performances shields. We first introduce mechanism subsequently focusing on characteristics representative methods as-created Based requirements create application-oriented solutions, these also critically compared. Thereafter, present state-of-the-art considerations shields examine pivotal roles realizing designs. conclude by discussing future research directions, at motivating use developments

Language: Английский

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Self-Healing Liquid Metal Magnetic Hydrogels for Smart Feedback Sensors and High-Performance Electromagnetic Shielding

Nano-Micro Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 31, 2023

Hydrogels exhibit potential applications in smart wearable devices because of their exceptional sensitivity to various external stimuli. However, are limited by challenges terms issues biocompatibility, custom shape, and self-healing. Herein, a conductive, stretchable, adaptable, self-healing, biocompatible liquid metal GaInSn/Ni-based composite hydrogel is developed incorporating magnetic into the framework through crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with sodium tetraborate. The excellent stretchability fast self-healing capability PVA/liquid derived from its abundant hydrogen binding sites fusion. Significantly, owing constituent, can be guided remotely using an field specific position repair broken wires no need for manual operation. also exhibits sensitive deformation responses used as strain sensor monitor body motions. Additionally, multifunctional displays absorption-dominated electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties. total performance increases ~ 62.5 dB 31.8 pure PVA at thickness 3.0 mm. proposed bioinspired demonstrates substantial application intelligent devices.

Language: Английский

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Wearable Janus‐Type Film with Integrated All‐Season Active/Passive Thermal Management, Thermal Camouflage, and Ultra‐High Electromagnetic Shielding Efficiency Tunable by Origami Process

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(18)

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Abstract Multifunctional films with integrated temperature adjustment, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and thermal camouflage are remarkably desirable for wearable products. Herein, a novel Janus‐type multifunctional ultra‐flexible film is fabricated via continuous electrospinning followed by spraying. Interestingly, in the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/phase change capsules (PCC) layer (P 1 ), PCC strung on PVA fibers to form stable “candied haws stick” structure that obviates slipping or falling off. The sufficient melting enthalpy (141.4 J g −1 ) guarantees its thermoregulation capability. Simultaneously, high mid‐IR emissivity (90.15%) endows radiative cooling properties (reducing 10.13 °C). Mechanical strength significantly improved superimposing polylactic acid (PLA) 2 surface. By spraying thin MXene PLA surface of P film, obtained (MXene/P MP endowed satisfactory low‐voltage heating, photo‐thermal superior performance, achieving all‐season comfort. Impressively, flexible achieves enhanced EMI shielding effect from 50.3 87.8 dB through simple origami process, which simplifies manufacturing process high‐performance materials. In brief, an attractive candidate future products personalized management anti‐electromagnetic radiation.

Language: Английский

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Highly Conductive MXene/PEDOT:PSS‐Integrated Poly(N‐Isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogels for Bioinspired Somatosensory Soft Actuators

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(24)

Published: March 10, 2023

Abstract Sophisticated sensing and actuation capabilities of many living organisms in nature have inspired scientists to develop biomimetic somatosensory soft robots. Herein, the design fabrication homogeneous highly conductive hydrogels for bioinspired actuators are reported. The synthesized by situ copolymerization surface‐functionalized MXene/Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) ink with thermoresponsive poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels. resulting found exhibit high conductivity (11.76 S m −1 ), strain sensitivity (GF 9.93), broad working range (≈560% strain), stability after over 300 loading–unloading cycles at 100% strain. Importantly, shape‐programmable hydrogel rapid response, light‐driven remote control, self‐sensing capability developed chemically integrating a structurally colored polymer. As proof‐of‐concept illustration, applied devising programmable shape‐morphing an artificial octopus, fish, gripper that can simultaneously monitor their own motions via real‐time resistance variation. This work is expected offer new insights into advanced materials capabilities, pave avenue development soft‐matter‐based self‐regulatory intelligence built‐in feedback control paramount significance intelligent robotics automated machines.

Language: Английский

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3D-printed PEDOT:PSS for soft robotics

Nature Reviews Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(9), P. 604 - 622

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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Conductive Hydrogel for Flexible Bioelectronic Device: Current Progress and Future Perspective

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(1)

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Abstract Conductive hydrogels (CHs) for flexible bioelectronic devices have raised great attention due to their tunable mechanical performances, adhesion, anti‐swelling, and biocompatibility. This review summarizes the current development of conductive hydrogel‐based in aspect classifications applications. Firstly, are classified into two kinds according types conductivity: ionic electronic (hydrogel based on pure materials, introducing micro/nano‐materials). Secondly, applications device, like wearable (strain sensor, body fluid detector, serviced extreme environment), tissue engineering (skin, heart, nerve, muscle), other (bionic robot, cancer treatment), highly illustrated. Finally, a depth outlook is given, which aims promote this field future.

Language: Английский

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